, image_flag = Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg , flag_caption = Alam flag of the Mughal Empire , capital =

Srinagar Srinagar (English: , ) is the largest city and the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It lies in the Kashmir Valley on the banks of the Jhelum River, a tributary of the Indus, and Dal and Anchar lakes. The city is known for its natu ...

, religion = , demonym = , government_type = Dependent later self governing

viceroyalty A viceroyalty was an entity headed by a viceroy. It dates back to the Spanish conquest of the Americas in the sixteenth century. France *Viceroyalty of New France Portuguese Empire In the scope of the Portuguese Empire, the term "Viceroyalty o ...

under

Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...

, legislature = Mughal Darbar , area_label = 1638 , currency = , status = , year_end = 1752 , life_span = 1586–1752 , year_start = 1586 , image_map_caption = Kashmir Sarkar of Kabul Subah depicted in map of Mughal India by Robert Wilkinson (1805) , common_languages = , title_leader =

Faujdar Faujdar is a term of pre-Mughal origins. Under the Mughals it was an office that combined the functions of a military commander along with judicial and land revenue functions. In pre-Mughal times, the term referred to a military officer but d ...

Subahdar Subahdar, also known as Nazim or in English as a "Subah", was one of the designations of a governor of a Subah (province) during the Khalji dynasty of Bengal, Mamluk dynasty (Delhi), Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, Mughal era ( of India who w ...

, year_leader1 = 1586–1588 , leader1 = Qasim Khan , year_leader2 = 1611–1616 , leader2 = Ahmed Beg Khan , year_leader3 = 1638–1646 , leader3 =

Ali Mardan Khan Ali Mardan Khan ( fa, ; died April 1657) was a Kurdish military leader and administrator, serving under the Safavid kings Shah Abbas I and Shah Safi, and later the Mughal ruler Shah Jahan. He was the son of Ganj Ali Khan. After surrendering t ...

, year_leader4 = 1652–1657 , leader4 = Ali Mardan Khan , year_leader5 = 1671–1675 , leader5 =

Iftikhar Khan Major General Muhammed Iftikhar Khan (10 January 1907 – 13 December 1949) was an officer of the British Indian Army and later Pakistan Army. He was the strongest contender to succeed General Douglas Gracey as the Commander-in-Chief, but unfor ...

, year_leader6 = 1721–1723 , leader6 =

Abd al-Samad Khan Abd al-Samad Khan (died 1737) was the Mughal Empire's subahdar of Lahore Subah from 1713 to 1726. He was appointed by the Mughal emperor Farrukhsiyar. He was descended from the Ansari family of Panipat. He was succeeded as governor of Punjab by ...

, year_leader7 = 1751–1752 , leader7 = Quli Khan , event_start = Battle of Hastivanj , date_start = 10 October , event_end = Annexed by Durrani Empire , stat_area1 = 22,000 , stat_year1 = 1638 , p1 = Chak dynasty , s1 = Durrani Empire , flag_s1 = Flag of Herat until 1842.svg , today = , era = Early modern period The Sarkar of Kashmir ( ur, کشمیر سرکار), later the Subah of Kashmir ( ur, کشمیر صوبہ), was a province of the

encompassing the

Kashmir region Kashmir () is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term "Kashmir" denoted only the Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range. Today, the term encompass ...

, now divided between Pakistan (

Muzaffarabad division The Muzaffarabad Division ( ur, ) is a first-order administrative division of the Pakistani dependent territory of Azad Kashmir. It comprises the portion of the former Muzaffarabad District of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir that came u ...

) and India (

Kashmir division The Kashmir division is a revenue and administrative division constituting of the Kashmir Valley of the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It borders Jammu Division to the south and the union territory of Ladakh to the ea ...

). It was separated from the Kabul Subah and was made into an imperial province under administrative reforms carried by emperor

Shah Jahan Shihab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram (5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666), better known by his regnal name Shah Jahan I (; ), was the fifth emperor of the Mughal Empire, reigning from January 1628 until July 1658. Under his emperorship, the Mugha ...

in 1638. The province ceased to exist when

Durrani The Durrānī ( ps, دراني, ), formerly known as Abdālī (), are one of the largest tribes of Pashtuns. Their traditional homeland is in southern Afghanistan (Loy Kandahar region), straddling into Toba Achakzai in Balochistan, Pakistan, but ...

forces, under

Ahmed Shah Abdali Ahmad Shāh Durrānī ( ps, احمد شاه دراني; prs, احمد شاه درانی), also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī (), was the founder of the Durrani Empire and is regarded as the founder of the modern Afghanistan. In July 1747, Ahma ...

, entered Kashmir in 1752 and captured Quli Khan, the last Mughal Subahdar.

Geography

The Kashmir Subah was bordered on the north by the Maqpon Kingdom of

Baltistan Baltistan ( ur, ; bft, སྦལ་ཏི་སྟཱན, script=Tibt), also known as Baltiyul or Little Tibet ( bft, སྦལ་ཏི་ཡུལ་།, script=Tibt), is a mountainous region in the Pakistani-administered territory of Gilg ...

, to the east by the Namgyal Kingdom of

Ladakh Ladakh () is a region administered by India as a union territory which constitutes a part of the larger Kashmir region and has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since 1947. (subscription required) Quote: "Jammu and ...

, to the west by the Kabul Subah, the south by

Lahore Subah Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest city. ...

, and to the south east by the semi autonomous

hill states The Hill States of India were princely states lying in the northern border regions of the British Indian Empire. History During the colonial Raj period, two groups of princely states in direct relations with the Province of British Punjab ...

Jammu Jammu is the winter capital of the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), Jammu and Kashmir. It is the headquarters and the largest city in Jammu district of the union territory. Lying on the banks of the river Tawi Ri ...

List of governors

* Qulich Kulbah Khan () * Ahmad Beg Khan () * Zaffar Khan () * Ali Mardhan Khan () * Saif Khan () * Mubarez Khan () *

() * Muzafer Khan () * Fazal Khan () * Ibrahim Khan () * Mir Ahmad Khan () * Abdul Samad () * Fakar-ud-Daula * Ati Ullah Khan () * Quli Khan ()

References

{{reflist Mughal Empire History of Kashmir