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The Mughal conquest of Garha was launched by the
The Mughal conquest of Garha was launched by the Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...
in 1564 during the reign of Akbar
Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (25 October 1542 – 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar the Great ( fa, ), and also as Akbar I (), was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Hum ...
(r. 1556–1605) against the Garha Kingdom
The Garha Kingdom, also called Garha Mandla or Garha Katanga was northern part of Gondwana.
History
The first Gond king of Garha-Mandla was Jadurai. He became king after disposing the Kalchuri Rajputs of Garha-Mandla, where earlier he worked in ...
(also known as Garha-Katanga) led by regent Rani Durgavati
Rani Durgavati (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the ruling Queen of Gondwana from 1550 until 1564. She was born in the family of Chandel Rajput king Salibahan at the fort of Mahoba. She was married to Dalpat Shah the son of the king Sangr ...
. The Mughal general Asaf Khan I
Asaf Khan I was a Muslim Tajik nobleman of the Mughal Empire during the reign of Akbar. He was governor of Ilahabad Subah and participated in many Mughal military expeditions, leading the Mughal conquest of Garha in 1564 and serving in the Bat ...
launched the attack with the permission of Akbar and easily defeated the Rani's forces, which could not withstand advanced Mughal artillery
Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during siege ...
, at the Battle of Damoh. The Rani committed suicide during the battle and the young prince Vir Narayan
Vir (; it, Puntadura, Dalmatian: ''Punta de Ura'') is an island on the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea with an area of 22 km2.
It lies in Dalmatia, north of the city of Zadar. It is connected to the mainland via a road bridge. The main ...
died in action during the Siege of Chouragarh. The women trapped in the siege committed ''jauhar
Jauhar, sometimes spelled Jowhar or Juhar, was a Hindu practice of mass self-immolation by women, in the Indian subcontinent, to avoid capture, enslavement and rape by an invading army, when facing certain defeat during a war. Some reports of ...
'' before Asaf Khan could take the fortress.
Afterwards, Asaf Khan retained most of the spoils, including 800 of the thousand captured war elephants and many precious metals, for himself. He presented 200 war elephants to Akbar at Jaunpur on 13 July 1565, but soon feared retribution by the finance minister Muzaffar Khan
Muzaffar Khan is an Indian politician belonging to All India Trinamool Congress. He was elected as Champdani (Vidhan Sabha constituency), MLA of Champdani Vidhan Sabha Constituency in West Bengal Legislative Assembly in 2011.
References
{{ ...
and fled on 17 September 1565 to Ilahabad Subah
Allahabad (), officially known as Prayagraj, also known as Ilahabad, is a metropolis in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.The other five cities were: Agra, Kanpur (Cawnpore), Lucknow, Meerut, and Varanasi (Benares). It is the administrat ...
. However, he soon submitted and was restored to his position.
Parts of the annexed Garha kingdom were returned to Chandra Shah, Rani Durgavati's brother-in-law, by Akbar in 1567, who saw little gain from retaining the kingdom. The remaining part, consisting of ten forts, was annexed into the Malwa Subah
The Malwa Subah was one of the original twelve Subahs (imperial provinces) of the Mughal Empire, including Gondwana, from 1568-1743. Its seat was Ujjain. It bordered Berar, Kandesh, Ahmadnagar (Deccan), Gujarat, Ajmer, Agra and Allahabad subahs ...
of the empire, which had recently been acquired in the Mughal conquest of Malwa
The Mughal conquest of Malwa was a military campaign launched by the Mughal Empire in 1560 during the reign of Akbar (r. 1556–1605) against the Sultanate of Malwa, which had broken free from Mughal rule during the rebellion of Sher Shah Suri fr ...
.{{cite book , last1=Chandra , first1=Satish , title=Medieval India: From Sultanat To The Mughals-Mughal Empire (1526-1748) - Part II , date=2007 , pages=105-106
References