![LocalitàApparita-Galliano](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/Localit%C3%A0Apparita-Galliano.png)
The Mugello is a historic region and
valley
A valley is an elongated low area often running between Hill, hills or Mountain, mountains, which will typically contain a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers ...
in northern
Tuscany
Tuscany ( ; it, Toscana ) is a Regions of Italy, region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence (''Firenze'').
Tuscany is known for its landscapes, history, art ...
, in Italy, corresponding to the course of the
River Sieve. It is located to the north of the city of
Florence
Florence ( ; it, Firenze ) is a city in Central Italy and the capital city of the Tuscany region. It is the most populated city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2016, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.Bilancio demografico an ...
and includes the northernmost portion of the
Metropolitan City of Florence
The Metropolitan City of Florence ( it, Città Metropolitana di Firenze) is an administrative division called metropolitan city in the Tuscany region, Italy. Its capital is the city of Florence. It replaced the Province of Florence. It was first c ...
. The
Futa Pass connects the Mugello valley to the separate
Santerno river
The Santerno is a river in Romagna in northern Italy. It is a major tributary of the river Reno. In Roman times, it was known as the ''Vatrenus'' (small ''Renus''), although, in the Tabula Peutingeriana, it was already identified as the ''Santernus ...
valley.
History
The Mugello valley was settled by a
Ligurian tribe known as the Magelli, hence the name. Then the region was occupied by the
Etruscans
The Etruscan civilization () was developed by a people of Etruria in ancient Italy with a common language and culture who formed a federation of city-states. After conquering adjacent lands, its territory covered, at its greatest extent, rou ...
who left many archaeological traces and who built the first road network of the Mugello.
The subsequent
Ancient Roman
In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC ...
conquest and colonization of the Mugello region dates back to the 4th century BCE. It is not only testified by several finds such as tombs, coins, and walls, but also, through toponymy, e.g. names of places ending with the praedial suffix ''-ano'' (Latin ''
-anus'') or ''-ana'': Cerliano, Figliano, Marcoiano, Galliano, Lucignano, etc.
![CiperssiMugello](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/CiperssiMugello.png)
In the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire a ...
the Mugello was home to numerous
castle
A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders. Scholars debate the scope of the word ''castle'', but usually consider it to be the private fortified r ...
s. The Mugello region was later acquired by the
Republic of Florence
The Republic of Florence, officially the Florentine Republic ( it, Repubblica Fiorentina, , or ), was a medieval and early modern state that was centered on the Italian city of Florence in Tuscany. The republic originated in 1115, when the Flo ...
. Several patrician families of the area built
villa
A villa is a type of house that was originally an ancient Roman upper class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became s ...
s here, such as those of the
Medici
The House of Medici ( , ) was an Italian banking family and political dynasty that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de' Medici, in the Republic of Florence during the first half of the 15th century. The family originated in the Muge ...
including
Villa Medicea di Cafaggiolo
The Villa Medicea di Cafaggiolo is a villa situated near the Tuscan town of Barberino di Mugello in the valley of the River Sieve, some 25 kilometres north of Florence, central Italy. It was one of the oldest and most favoured of the Med ...
and
Villa Medicea del Trebbio
The Villa del Trebbio is a Medici villas, Medici villa in Tuscany, Italy. Description
The villa is located near San Piero a Sieve in the Mugello region, in the province of Florence, in the area from which the Medici family originated. It was o ...
.
![Torre-Idraulica-Diga](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Torre-Idraulica-Diga.jpg)
In 1999 a
dam
A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use ...
was constructed across the
Sieve river, forming the reservoir of
Lake Bilancino
Lago di Bilancino is an artificial lake near Barberino di Mugello in the Metropolitan City of Florence, Tuscany, Italy, made with a dam on the river Sieve
The Sieve is a river in Italy. It is a tributary of the Arno, into which it flows at Pontas ...
in the Mugello valley.
In popular culture
The Mugello gives its name to the
Mugello Circuit
Mugello Circuit () is a race track in Scarperia e San Piero, Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The circuit length is . It has 15 turns and a long straight. The circuit stadium stands have a capacity of 50,000.
Grand Prix motorcycle racing host an ann ...
(), an automobile race track that hosts an annual
Moto GP
Grand Prix motorcycle racing is the premier class of motorcycle road racing events held on road circuits sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM). Independent motorcycle racing events have been held since the start of ...
event, and to the
Mugellese chicken, a
bantam breed.
Towns
*
Borgo San Lorenzo
Borgo San Lorenzo is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about northeast of Florence. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 18,085 and an area of .All demographics and o ...
*
Scarperia
Scarperia is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' (municipality) of Scarperia e San Piero, located in the Metropolitan City of Florence, in Tuscany, Italy, about north of Florence. It was an independent comune until 1 January 2014.
Main sights
* Ch ...
*
Barberino di Mugello
240px, Villa di Cafaggiolo.
Barberino di Mugello is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about north of Florence.
Barberino di Mugello borders the following municipalities: Ca ...
*
San Piero a Sieve
San Piero a Sieve is a ''frazione'' of the ''comune'' (municipality) of Scarperia e San Piero, located in the Metropolitan City of Florence, in Tuscany, Italy, about north of Florence. It was an independent comune until 1 January 2014.
Main sigh ...
*
Vicchio
Vicchio is a town and ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about northeast of Florence. As of 2016, it had a population of 8,105 and an area of .
Geography
Vicchio borders the munic ...
*
Dicomano
Dicomano is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about northeast of Florence.
Dicomano borders the following municipalities: Londa, Rufina, San Godenzo, Vicchio
Vicchio is a tow ...
*
San Godenzo
San Godenzo is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about northeast of Florence, in the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines.
San Godenzo borders the following municipalities: Dicomano, Lon ...
*
Palazzuolo sul Senio
Palazzuolo sul Senio (formerly ''Palazzolo di Romagna''; Romagnolo: ''Palazol'') is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about northeast of Florence.
Palazzuolo sul Senio borders ...
See also
*
Firenzuola
Firenzuola is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about northeast of Florence.
Firenzuola borders the following municipalities: Barberino di Mugello, Borgo San Lorenzo, Castel ...
Historical regions
Valleys of Tuscany
Metropolitan City of Florence
Geographical, historical and cultural regions of Italy
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