Dae Mu-ye, also known as King Mu () (r. 719–737), was the second king of the
Balhae
Balhae ( ko, 발해, zh, c=渤海, p=Bóhǎi, russian: Бохай, translit=Bokhay, ), also rendered as Bohai, was a multi-ethnic kingdom whose land extends to what is today Northeast China, the Korean Peninsula and the Russian Far East. It wa ...
. He is noted for the military expansion of his domain.
Background
Dae Mu-ye was the eldest son of
Dae Jo-yeong, the founder of the ancient kingdom of
Balhae
Balhae ( ko, 발해, zh, c=渤海, p=Bóhǎi, russian: Бохай, translit=Bokhay, ), also rendered as Bohai, was a multi-ethnic kingdom whose land extends to what is today Northeast China, the Korean Peninsula and the Russian Far East. It wa ...
, He ascended to the throne after the death in 719 of his father. He was given the title of "King of the
Gyeru Province" by
Tang Emperor Xuanzong. He gave the posthumous title King Go to his father, Dae Jo-yeong. Since then, He declared the era name ''In-an'', an act of independence from China's
Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, t= ), or Tang Empire, was an imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907 AD, with an interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdo ...
. On the other hand, he frequently sent embassies to the Tang, including his sons and brothers.
Reign
Balhae's aggressive expansion triggered frictions with Tang China,
Silla
Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of ...
of southern Korea, the
Khitans, the
Xi, the
Göktürks, and several
Mohe tribes. When the
Heishui Mohe
The Heishui Mohe (; mnc, Sahaliyan i Aiman or ), also known as the , rendered in English as Blackriver Mohe or Blackwater Mohe, were a tribe of Mohe people in Outer Manchuria along the Amur River () in what is now Russia's Khabarovsk Krai, Amur Ob ...
in the north of Balhae came under the direct control of the Tang in 727, he attacked the Heishui Mohe fearing a pincer attack.
732, King Mu ordered a
punitive expedition
A punitive expedition is a military journey undertaken to punish a political entity or any group of people outside the borders of the punishing state or union. It is usually undertaken in response to perceived disobedient or morally wrong beh ...
against Tang in present-day
Shandong, sending the Balhae navy at the command of
Jang Mun-hyu
Jang Mun-hyu ({{Ko-hhrm, hangul=장문휴, hanja=張文休) was a military commander of Balhae Korea in the 8th century under the reign of King Mu. He is noted for the naval assault against Tang China in 732.
Military Campaign against Tang dyna ...
. In the same year, he led troops to Madushan (馬都山) in the vicinity of
Shanhaiguan and occupied nearby towns. In 733, Chinese
Emperor Xuanzong ordered Dae Mun-ye to attack Balhae, along with forces from
Silla
Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of ...
, but the attack was unsuccessful and they were repelled.
In 727, Balhae began to dispatch embassies to
Japan to avoid international isolation. The king sent an official document to Japan indicating that Balhae recovered the terrain of
Goguryeo
Goguryeo (37 BC–668 AD) ( ) also called Goryeo (), was a Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of Northeast China. At its peak of power, Goguryeo controlled mos ...
and succeeded to the culture of
Buyeo
Buyeo or Puyŏ ( Korean: 부여; Korean pronunciation: u.jʌ or 扶餘 ''Fúyú''), also rendered as Fuyu, was an ancient kingdom that was centered in northern Manchuria in modern-day northeast China. It is sometimes considered a Korean ...
. Japan, whose relationship with
Silla
Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of ...
was strained, welcomed them as a revival of Goguryeo.
In 732, He made an assault on
Tang empire's
Dengzhou
Dengzhou (), formerly Deng County (), is a city in Nanyang, Henan, China. It has an area of and a population of 1,500,000. The urban area is 35 km², and the urban population is 300,000. The city is located in the southwest of Henan provin ...
. During the assault, the local governor of Dengzhou Wei Jun was killed. The assault was mostly an act of piracy and did not elevate to an international conflict until Wei's death. Later, Tang, allied with
Silla
Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of ...
, invaded Balhae but the advance of the allied troops was deterred by heavy snow.
Dae Muye was succeeded by his son
Dae Heummu in 737.
See also
*
List of Korean monarchs
This is a list of monarchs of Korea, arranged by dynasty. Names are romanized according to the South Korean Revised Romanization of Korean. McCune–Reischauer romanizations may be found at the articles about the individual monarchs.
Gojoseon
G ...
*
History of Korea
The Lower Paleolithic era in the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria began roughly half a million years ago.
Christopher J. Norton, "The Current State of Korean Paleoanthropology", (2000), ''Journal of Human Evolution'', 38: 803–825.
The earlies ...
References
External links
Encyclopædia BritannicaBritannica Concise Encyclopedia
*
Provinces of Balhae Kingdom
*
{{s-end
737 deaths
Balhae rulers
Mohe peoples
8th-century rulers in Asia
Year of birth unknown