Movimiento 2D
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The Movimiento 2D (''2D Movement'', M2D or simply 2D) is a
Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
n opposition movement led by '' El Nacional'' editor and proprietor Miguel Henrique Otero. 2D, founded by Otero in late 2007 in the run-up to the
2007 Venezuelan constitutional referendum A constitutional referendum was held in Venezuela on 2 December 2007 to amend 69 articles of the 1999 Constitution. Reform was needed, according to Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez, to initiate the transformation into a socialist country; detr ...
, includes a number of prominent Venezuelans besides Otero, including former foreign minister
Simón Alberto Consalvi Simón Alberto Consalvi (7 July 1927 – 11 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician, journalist, diplomat and historian. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs of Venezuela on two occasions (1977-1979/1985-1988), Minister of Internal Affairs of Vene ...
, who served under both
Jaime Lusinchi Jaime Ramón Lusinchi (27 May 1924 – 21 May 2014) was a Venezuelan politician who was the president of Venezuela from 1984 to 1989. His term was characterized by an economic crisis, growth of the external debt, populist policies, currency dep ...
and
Carlos Andrés Pérez Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez (27 October 1922 – 25 December 2010) also known as CAP and often referred to as '' El Gocho'' (due to his Andean origins), was a Venezuelan politician and the president of Venezuela from 12 March 1974 to 12 M ...
. The name of the movement refers to 2 December, being the date of the 2012 Venezuelan presidential election. In February 2010 M2D announced it would support the opposition electoral coalition
Mesa de la Unidad Democrática The Democratic Unity Roundtable ( es, Mesa de la Unidad Democrática, MUD) was a catch-all electoral coalition of Venezuelan political parties formed in January 2008 to unify the opposition to President Hugo Chávez's United Socialist Party of ...
in the September 2010 parliamentary election. In a 2D press conference opposing the 2009 Venezuelan constitutional referendum, President
Hugo Chávez Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías (; 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician who was president of Venezuela from 1999 until his death in 2013, except for a brief period in 2002. Chávez was also leader of the Fifth Republ ...
was compared to
Juan Vicente Gómez Juan Vicente Gómez Chacón (24 July 1857 – 17 December 1935) was a Venezuelan military general A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of highest military ranks, high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air ...
, the Venezuelan dictator of the 1920s and 1930s, and 2D's
Pablo Medina Pablo Medina is a Cuban American poet and novelist, Professor in the Department of Writing, Literature, and Publishing at Emerson College and Director of its MFA Program. Biography Medina was born in Havana, Cuba and emigrated to New York Cit ...
said Venezuela would become a dictatorship if it was approved. The referendum to remove
term limit A term limit is a legal restriction that limits the number of terms an officeholder may serve in a particular elected office. When term limits are found in presidential and semi-presidential systems they act as a method of curbing the potenti ...
s from all public offices was approved. In June 2010 2D criticised the government takeover of
Banco Federal Banco Federal was a Venezuelan bank based in Caracas. At the end of April 2010 it was the country's 11th-largest bank, with deposits of 7.66 billion bolivars, or 2.82 percent of total deposits in the banking system.''BusinessWeek'', 14 June 2010Ve ...
. In mid-August 2010, in the run-up to the parliamentary election, after ''El Nacional'' published in its frontpage publication an archival photo of bodies with gunshot wounds in a morgue, to illustrate a story about rising crime rates, the government banned the publications, sparking international outcry. Otero said that "The editorial reasoning behind the photo was to create a shock so that people could in some way react to a situation that the government has done absolutely nothing about."''
CNN CNN (Cable News Network) is a multinational cable news channel headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by ...
'', 18 August 2010
Venezuelan newspaper owner defends photo that spurred investigation
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References

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External links


Movimiento 2D
Politics of Venezuela Organizations established in 2007 2007 establishments in Venezuela