The Algerian National Movement (french: Mouvement national algérien, or MNA,
Tamazight
The Berber languages, also known as the Amazigh languages or Tamazight,, ber, label=Tuareg Tifinagh, ⵜⵎⵣⵗⵜ, ) are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family. They comprise a group of closely related languages spoken by Berber communi ...
: ''Amussu Aɣelnaw Adzayri'', ar, الحركة الوطنية الجزائرية) was an organization founded to counteract the efforts of the
Front de Libération Nationale (FLN).
It was founded by veteran
nationalist
Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), Smith, Anthony. ''Nationalism: The ...
Messali Hadj
Ahmed Ben Messali Hadj (May 16, 1898 - June 3, 1974), commonly known as Messali Hadj, ar, مصالي الحاج, was an Algerian nationalist politician dedicated to the independence of his homeland from French colonial rule. He is often called ...
as a rival to the
Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) during the
Algerian War of Independence
The Algerian War, also known as the Algerian Revolution or the Algerian War of Independence,( ar, الثورة الجزائرية '; '' ber, Tagrawla Tadzayrit''; french: Guerre d'Algérie or ') and sometimes in Algeria as the War of 1 November ...
. He was a co-founder and President of the three earlier organizations leading the movement for independence beginning in 1926. However the War of Independence was started November 1954 without him being consulted. The creation of the MNA was his revenge. He found support among
Algeria
)
, image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg
, map_caption =
, image_map2 =
, capital = Algiers
, coordinates =
, largest_city = capital
, relig ...
n
expatriate
An expatriate (often shortened to expat) is a person who resides outside their native country. In common usage, the term often refers to educated professionals, skilled workers, or artists taking positions outside their home country, either ...
s in France who had idolized him in the past and also among the French authorities. In spite of that, the FLN's armed wing, the
Armée de Libération Nationale
The National Liberation Army or ALN ( ar, جيش التحرير الوطني الجزائري, translit=Jaīš al-taḥrīr al-waṭanī al-jazāʾirī; french: Armée de libération nationale) was the armed wing of the nationalist National Libe ...
(ALN), succeeded in destroying the MNA's small armed groups in Algeria early on in the war.
The MNA and FLN also fought each other on French soil in the so-called
café wars, resulting in hundreds of casualties, but FLN gradually gained the upper hand.
Control over post-independence Algeria would rest firmly in the hands of the FLN and its military, while the MNA vanished as a political organization.
References
Paul-Marie Atger, "Le Mouvement national algérien à Lyon. Vie, mort et renaissance durant la guerre d'Algérie", ''Vingtième siècle, revue d'histoire'', n° 104, octobre-décembre 2009.
http://www.cairn.info/revue-vingtieme-siecle-revue-d-histoire-2009-4-p-107.htm
Algerian War
Arab militant groups
Articles containing video clips
Banned political parties in Algeria
Defunct political parties in Algeria
Defunct political parties in France
National liberation movements
Political parties with year of disestablishment missing
Political parties with year of establishment missing
Rebel groups in Algeria
Separatism in Algeria
Separatism in France
Terrorism in France
{{Algeria-party-stub