The Motherland Party ( tr, Anavatan Partisi, abbreviated as ANAVATAN, formerly ANAP) is a
political party
A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific political ideology ...
in
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
. It was founded in 1983 by
Turgut Özal
Halil Turgut Özal (; 13 October 192717 April 1993) was a Turkish politician, who served as the 8th President of Turkey from 1989 to 1993. He previously served as the 26th Prime Minister of Turkey from 1983 to 1989 as the leader of the Mothe ...
. It merged with the
Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to:
*Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to:
Active parties Africa
*Botswana Democratic Party
*Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea
*Gabonese Democratic Party
*Demo ...
in October 2009, but in the September of 2011 the party was re-established again. Its current president is
İbrahim Çelebi
Abraham, ; ar, , , name=, group= (originally Abram) is the common Hebrews, Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In Judaism, he is the founding father of the Covenant (biblical), special ...
.
The ANAP was considered a
centre-right
Centre-right politics lean to the right of the political spectrum, but are closer to the centre. From the 1780s to the 1880s, there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy, moving away from the nobility and ...
neoliberal, conservative and nationalist party that supported restrictions on the role that government can play in the economy and also supported private capital and enterprise and some public expressions of religion. The
1983 Turkish general election was won by the new Motherland Party, led by Özal. Although the party was composed of a potentially disruptive mixture of Islamic revivalist and secular liberals, he was able to form a majority government, and briefly, democracy was restored.
History
In the National Assembly
elections on 6 November 1983, the Populist Party and the Motherland party were allowed to run for office. The ANAP won 212 of the 400 available seats and Turgut Özal, the leader of the party, became the
Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister i ...
. The ANAP maintained a majority in the government of Turkey from 1983 until 1991. Turgut Özal held the position of
Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister i ...
from 1983 to 1989, then
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
* President (education), a leader of a college or university
* President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ...
from 1989 to 1993. Özal died in office, and was succeeded by the
True Path Party
The True Path Party ( tr, Doğru Yol Partisi, DYP) was a centre-right political party in Turkey, active from 1983 to 2007. For most of its history, the party's central figure was Süleyman Demirel, a former Prime Minister of Turkey who previously ...
leader,
Süleyman Demirel.
After the 1983 National assembly, ANAP allowed all political parties to participate in the local elections. In 1987, ANAP removed the 10-year ban on over 200 leaders of the Republican People's Party (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi—CHP) and Justice Party (Adalet Partisi—AP), allowing them to run for office and participate in political affairs. The ANAP won 292 of the 450 seats that year.
During this time, the ANAP leaders transformed the Turkish economy by beginning free-market reforms, particularly cutting down the public area and moving towards privately owned business. In 1987, the ANAP-led government filed for admission into the
European Economic Community, the forerunner of the
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been des ...
. However, this attempt to enter the EEC was ended when the ANAP criticized the customs union of the EEC and decided the admission terms prescribed by the EEC to be not in the best interest of Turkey or its people. In 1991 ANAP lost the majority to a coalition of the True Path and Social Democrats parties.
After its longest run, the ANAP has had few opportunities to return to leadership. In 1995, The Motherland party formed a brief coalition with the
True Path Party
The True Path Party ( tr, Doğru Yol Partisi, DYP) was a centre-right political party in Turkey, active from 1983 to 2007. For most of its history, the party's central figure was Süleyman Demirel, a former Prime Minister of Turkey who previously ...
(DYP), another center-right oriented party, that allowed their influence to return for a short period of time. Then, from July 1997 to November 1998, the ANAP was returned to the head of government with the leader
Mesut Yılmaz
Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz () (6 November 1947 – 30 October 2020) was a Turkish politician. He was the leader of the Motherland Party ( tr, Anavatan Partisi, ANAP) from 1991 to 2002, and served three times as Prime Minister of Turkey. His first two p ...
during Turkey's first televised elections.
However, the ANAP suffered one of the largest defeats during the
April 1999 elections and became the fourth largest political party in Turkey with only 14% of the votes. Following these elections, ANAP received only 86 of 365 seats in the Parliament. During the
2002 elections, they got only 5.12% of the votes and no seats in Parliament.
On 5 May 2007, it was announced that ANAP and
True Path Party
The True Path Party ( tr, Doğru Yol Partisi, DYP) was a centre-right political party in Turkey, active from 1983 to 2007. For most of its history, the party's central figure was Süleyman Demirel, a former Prime Minister of Turkey who previously ...
would merge to the
Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to:
*Democratic Party (United States)
Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to:
Active parties Africa
*Botswana Democratic Party
*Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea
*Gabonese Democratic Party
*Demo ...
(DP). However, this failed and ANAP announced that it would not run for the upcoming elections.
From 2008 to 2009, its president was
Salih Uzun
Mehmet Salih Uzun (b. 1970 Kocaeli, Turkey) is a Turkish politician and former and final leader of the Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi, ANAP).
Biography
Uzun was born in the northwestern Anatolian town of Gölcük in Kocaeli Province. He ...
. On 31 October 2009, it was merged to Democratic Party.
On 11 September 2011, the party was re-established, with the same ideology as the first organization. Its current president is
İbrahim Çelebi
Abraham, ; ar, , , name=, group= (originally Abram) is the common Hebrews, Hebrew patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In Judaism, he is the founding father of the Covenant (biblical), special ...
.
Party's founders are:
Turgut Özal
Halil Turgut Özal (; 13 October 192717 April 1993) was a Turkish politician, who served as the 8th President of Turkey from 1989 to 1993. He previously served as the 26th Prime Minister of Turkey from 1983 to 1989 as the leader of the Mothe ...
,
Cavit Şadi Pehlivanoğlu,
Mehmet Keçeciler,
Mesut Yılmaz
Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz () (6 November 1947 – 30 October 2020) was a Turkish politician. He was the leader of the Motherland Party ( tr, Anavatan Partisi, ANAP) from 1991 to 2002, and served three times as Prime Minister of Turkey. His first two p ...
,
Cavit Kavak,
Adnan Kahveci
Adnan Kahveci (20 February 1949 – 5 February 1993) was a noted Turkish politician who served as a key advisor to Prime Minister Turgut Özal throughout the 1980s. He was one of the founders in 1983 of the Motherland Party (ANAP) led by Tu ...
,
Cemil Çiçek,
Ali Ayağ,
Mustafa Taşar
Mustafa ( ar, مصطفى
, Muṣṭafā) is one of the names of Prophet Muhammad, and the name means "chosen, selected, appointed, preferred", used as an Arabic given name and surname. Mustafa is a common name in the Muslim world.
Given name Mou ...
,
Kaya Erdem
İsmet Kaya Erdem (born 10 September 1928 in Karabük) is a Turkish politician, who served as the Minister of Finance
A finance minister is an executive or cabinet position in charge of one or more of government finances, economic policy and ...
,
Güneş Taner
Güneş Taner (born November 14, 1949) is a Turkish politician and former government minister.
Early life
Güneş Taner was born in Istanbul to Cengiz Tahir Taner and his wife Süheyla on November 14, 1949.
He was educated in civil engineering a ...
,
Abdullah Tenekeci
Abdullah may refer to:
* Abdullah (name), a list of people with the given name or surname
* Abdullah, Kargı, Turkey, a village
* Abdullah (film), ''Abdullah'' (film), a 1980 Bollywood film directed by Sanjay Khan
* ''Abdullah: The Final Witness' ...
,
Kazım Oksay,
Recep Ercüment Konukman
Recep may refer to:
People Surname
* Aziz Recep (born 1992), German-Greek footballer
* Sibel Recep (born 1987), Swedish pop singer
Given name
* Recep Adanır (born 1929), Turkish footballer
* Recep Akdağ (born 1960), Turkish physician and polit ...
,
Veysel Atasoy
Veysel Atasoy (1947, Zonguldak – 24 August 2004, Ankara) was a Turkish politician who served as the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure (Turkey), Minister of Transport in the 45th government of Turkey and the Ministry of Energy and Natural ...
,
Halil Şıvgın,
Vehbi Dinçerler,
Sudi Türel,
Necat Eldem,
Ali Tanrıyar
Ali Tanrıyar (14 March 1914 – 25 May 2017) was a Turkish internist, politician, Interior Minister of Turkey, chairman of the sports club Galatasaray S.K.. and centenarian, having lived to 103.
Ali Tanrıyar was born in Ottoman Greece in 191 ...
,
Bedrettin Doğancan Akyürek Bedrettin is a Turkish given name derived from the Arabic name Badr al-Din. Notable people with the name include:
* Bedrettin Dalan (born 1941), Turkish engineer and politician
* Bedrettin Tuncel (1910–1980), Turkish academic and politician
* Bed ...
,
İbrahim Özdemir
İbrahim Özdemir (born January 1, 1960) is a Turkish philosopher, academic and an Islamic environmentalist. He is a professor of philosophy at Uskudar University and Director General of the Department of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Nation ...
,
Abdulhalim Aras,
Hüsnü Doğan,
Leyla Yeniay Köseoğlu,
Vural Arıkan Vural is a Turkish language, Turkish name and may refer to any of the following:
Given name
* Vural Balcan, Turkish Olympic fencer
* Vural Öger (born 1942), German politician
Surname
* Filiz Vural (born 1953), Turkish beauty contestant
* İh ...
,
Bedrettin Dalan,
Abdülhalim Aras,
Nail Kul.
Leaders
The chief executive member of the party is called the ''Genel Başkan''. He/She is elected by party delegates in biennial party congresses. The party had seven leaders since its foundation in 1983 until 2009:
#
Turgut Özal
Halil Turgut Özal (; 13 October 192717 April 1993) was a Turkish politician, who served as the 8th President of Turkey from 1989 to 1993. He previously served as the 26th Prime Minister of Turkey from 1983 to 1989 as the leader of the Mothe ...
(May 20, 1983 – October 31, 1989)
#
Yıldırım Akbulut
Yıldırım Akbulut (; 2 September 1935 – 14 April 2021) was a Turkish politician, who was a leader of the Motherland Party (ANAP), the Prime Minister of Turkey, and twice the Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
A lawyer by pro ...
(November 16, 1989 – June 15, 1991)
#
Mesut Yılmaz
Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz () (6 November 1947 – 30 October 2020) was a Turkish politician. He was the leader of the Motherland Party ( tr, Anavatan Partisi, ANAP) from 1991 to 2002, and served three times as Prime Minister of Turkey. His first two p ...
(June 15, 1991 – November 4, 2002)
#
Ali Talip Özdemir (November 18, 2002 – October 3, 2003)
#
Nesrin Nas
Nesrin Nas (born 1958) is a Turkish female academic in economics, politician and the former leader of the Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi, ANAP).
She was born in the Central Anatolian town of Bünyan in Kayseri Province. Her father's name ...
(October 15, 2003 – March 21, 2005)
#
Erkan Mumcu
Erkan Mumcu (b. May 1, 1963 Isparta, Turkey) is a Turkish politician and the sixth leader of the Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi, ANAP).
Biography
Mumcu was born in the western Anatolian town of Yalvaç in Isparta Province. His father w ...
(April 2, 2005 – October 26, 2008)
#
Salih Uzun
Mehmet Salih Uzun (b. 1970 Kocaeli, Turkey) is a Turkish politician and former and final leader of the Motherland Party (Anavatan Partisi, ANAP).
Biography
Uzun was born in the northwestern Anatolian town of Gölcük in Kocaeli Province. He ...
(October 26, 2008 – October 31, 2009)
(During periods between the resignation or incapacitation of a leader and the election of a new one, the central committee of the party collectively acted as leader.)
Election results
General elections
References
Further reading
* "Country Profile: Turkey."
MSN Encarta
''Microsoft Encarta'' is a discontinued digital multimedia encyclopedia published by Microsoft from 1993 to 2009. Originally sold on CD-ROM or DVD, it was also available on the World Wide Web via an annual subscription, although later article ...
External links
*
{{Authority control
Political parties in Turkey
2011 establishments in Turkey