Nizhny Novgorod railway station ( until 2010 Gorky-Moskovsky ) is a central station in

Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod ( ; rus, links=no, Нижний Новгород, a=Ru-Nizhny Novgorod.ogg, p=ˈnʲiʐnʲɪj ˈnovɡərət, t=Lower Newtown; colloquially shortened to Nizhny) is a city and the administrative centre of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast an ...

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. It was opened on August 2, 1862.

History

The old building of the Moscow railway station

The station in Nizhny Novgorod was built in 1862, when the

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

Vladimir Vladimir (, , pre-1918 orthography: ) is a masculine given name of Slavic origin, widespread throughout all Slavic nations in different forms and spellings. The earliest record of a person with the name is Vladimir of Bulgaria (). Etymology ...

railway was extended. On August 2, 1862, traffic was opened on the section Vladimir - Nizhny Novgorod. The station became the final point for the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod railway. It consisted of three two-storey buildings connected by passages to the lobby in the center, waiting rooms, mail, telegraph, buffets and restaurants. A clock was installed on the central tower. Inside the building walls were decorated with mosaic panels on heroic themes. In 1894, the imperial (tsardom) pavilion was built for the arrival of imperial persons in the city. The architect Dmitry Chichagov, a representative of the famous dynasty of Russian architects, designed both the building and the interiors. The hall of the pavilion was decorated with a large portrait of

Nicholas II Nicholas II (Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov; 186817 July 1918) or Nikolai II was the last reigning Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. He married ...

and a carved fireplace made of white Italian marble. A telephone was installed for important talks. The pavilion received the

emperor The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...

twice: in 1896, during the All-Russia Exhibition and in 1913, during the celebration of the

Romanov Tercentenary The Romanov Tercentenary () was a country-wide celebration, marked in the Russian Empire from February 1913, in celebration of the ruling House of Romanov The House of Romanov (also transliterated as Romanoff; , ) was the reigning dynasty ...

. During the

1905 revolution The Russian Revolution of 1905, also known as the First Russian Revolution, was a revolution in the Russian Empire which began on 22 January 1905 and led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under the Russian Constitution of 1906, t ...

, it was captured by rebellious workers and held for some time. After the

October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...

of 1917, the Committee of the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, were a radical Faction (political), faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the 2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, ...

of Kanavino and the medical institution of railway were located in the building at different times. Gorky city

The

Soviet government The Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the executive and administrative organ of the highest body of state authority, the All-Union Supreme Soviet. It was formed on 30 December 1922 and abolished on 26 December 199 ...

for a long time kept the old building. During the

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, the Moscow railway station, along with the Kazan railway station, became an important strategic object. For the connection of the two stations between them were laid railway tracks through the cargo port on Spit and Kanavinsky bridge. German pilots tried several times to

bombing A bomb is an explosive weapon that uses the exothermic reaction of an explosive material to provide an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. Detonations inflict damage principally through ground- and atmosphere-transmitted mechan ...

the station, however, it was to no avail. Bombs was fell on Revolution Square and near to the modern building of the Central Department Store. After winning the war, trainloads arrived at the train station with victorious soldiers. In the 1960s, the station building was completely rebuilt to give it a so-called “civilian look”. The entire historical facade was destroyed. Inside, the station also underwent major changes: the “pre-revolutionary” mosaics were replaced by Soviet ones in the spirit of the 20th century, the waiting rooms and many other rooms were rebuilt. In the center of the hall was placed a giant chandelier, made in the

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

, from a variety of metal panels. It has become a symbol of the renewed

Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

station and a meeting place for millions of passengers. In 1985, after the launch of the

metro Metro may refer to: Geography * Metro City (Indonesia), a city in Indonesia * A metropolitan area, the populated region including and surrounding an urban center Public transport * Rapid transit, a passenger railway in an urban area with high ...

, exits to the long passage to Moskovskaya metro station were equipped in the terminal building. Nizhny-Novgorod-Moscow-Station-mosaic-1594

Since 2002, the station has been modernized, equipped with terminals for the automatic check of tickets, and construction of sheds over the platforms. From June 2017, the station was closed for renovation and opened only on April 28, 2018. At the time of the reconstruction, the exit of passengers to platforms to long-distance trains and to electric trains was carried out through suburban tunnels. After the reconstruction, an updated terminal appeared, equipped and rebuilt in the spirit of the 21st century. In the waiting rooms there are cameras and shelves for charging mobile devices with combination locks. The giant chandelier was dismantled and sent to storage. Only two mosaic panels on the side walls inside the building remained from the Soviet era. March 30, 2010 Gorky-Moskovsky station was renamed the modern name of Nizhny Novgorod-Moskovsky. On July 1 of the same year, the name of the Gorky-Moskovsky railway station was changed to Nizhny Novgorod according to the order of the President of

Russian Railways Russian Railways or RZD () is a Russian fully state-owned vertically integrated railway company, both managing infrastructure and operating freight and passenger train services and has a near-monopoly on long-distance train travel in Russia. ...

JSC

Vladimir Yakunin Vladimir Ivanovich Yakunin (; born 30 June 1948) is a Russian businessman and close confidant of Vladimir Putin. He was president of Russian Railways from June 2005 to August 2015. He has the federal state civilian service rank of 1st class ...

. But the name at the station itself was changed only in April 2014 from Moscow Railway Station to Railway Station, as only by that time it had been financed.

Services

The station serves the

Gorky Railway The Gorky Railway (Горьковская железная дорога) is a subsidiary of the Russian Railways headquartered in Nizhny Novgorod (formerly known as Gorky, hence the name). The railway network serves nine federal subjects of the R ...

and has four suburban traffic directions:

Shakhunya Shakhunya () is a town in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Nizhny Novgorod– Kirov railway, northeast of Nizhny Novgorod. Population: History It was founded as a settlement around the Shakhunya railway station, which was opene ...

Arzamas Arzamas (, ) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, city in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the Tyosha River (a tributary of the Oka River, Oka), east of Moscow. As of 2024, it has a population of 103,629. History Arzamas ...

and the Zavolzhye. Long-distance trains have directions to

St. Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea. The city had a population of 5,601, ...

, Kirov,

Kazan Kazan; , IPA: Help:IPA/Tatar, ɑzanis the largest city and capital city, capital of Tatarstan, Russia. The city lies at the confluence of the Volga and the Kazanka (river), Kazanka Rivers, covering an area of , with a population of over 1. ...

and

Novgorod Veliky Novgorod ( ; , ; ), also known simply as Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the V ...

High-speed rail

*Note: Sapsan is now replaced with Talgo Strizh since 2015.

City Rail

From June 24, 2013, the first line of the City Rail (the analogue of the German

S-Bahn The S-Bahn ( , ), , is a hybrid urban rail, urban–suburban rail system serving a metropolitan region predominantly in German language, German-speaking countries. Some of the larger S-Bahn systems provide service similar to rapid transit syst ...

London Overground London Overground (also known simply as the Overground) is a Urban rail in the United Kingdom, suburban rail network serving London and its environs. Established in 2007 to take over Silverlink Metro routes, it now serves a large part of Greate ...

or Paris RER) was opened, which connects

Sormovsky City District Sormovsky City District (), or Sormovo (), is one of the eight districts of the city of Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. It occupies the northwestern corner of the city, adjacent to the Volga River. Population: History The village originally known a ...

and railway station. It passes through quarters in which there is no metro and is its alternative. Trains run less frequently than on the subway, but more often than on suburban routes. During rush hours, the first-line train starts every 20–30 minutes. In 2018, a second line was opened connecting the station and the Prospekt Gagarina Station. It connects several areas and part of the suburb, because of which it has different tariff zones.

Gallery

File:NN Moskovsky Railway Station 12-2018 03.jpg, Station hall File:Nizhny Novgorod railway station interior asv2019-05.jpg, Station hall from the second floor File:NN Moskovsky Railway Station 12-2018 02.jpg, Information signs and signs in the station hall File:NN Moskovsky Railway Station 12-2018 04.jpg, The station building at night and the entrance to the Moskovskaya

station File:NN Moskovsky Railway Station 01-2019 04.jpg, ED9E “Nizhny Novgorod-Vetluzhskaya” high-speed electric train on the 5th platform File:NN Moskovsky Railway Station 01-2019 14.jpg, Railway clock on the platform File:NN Emperor's Pavilion on Moscow Station 08-2016.jpg, Former Imperial Pavilion File:NN Moskovsky Railway Station 01-2019 12.jpg, Pedestrian underpass between platforms and the railway station File:NN Pedestrian underpass to the Moskovsky Railway Station 01-2019.jpg, Pedestrian underpass between Moskovskaya metro station, railway station, several platforms and exits to several streets

References

{{Reflist Transport in Nizhny Novgorod Buildings and structures in Nizhny Novgorod Railway stations in the Russian Empire opened in 1862 Gorky Railway Railway stations in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast Railway stations in Russia opened in 2018