Mosina (german: Moschin) is a town in

Poznań County Poznań County ( pl, powiat poznański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government ref ...

Greater Poland Voivodeship Greater Poland Voivodeship ( pl, Województwo wielkopolskie; ), also known as Wielkopolska Voivodeship, Wielkopolska Province, or Greater Poland Province, is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 o ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...

, about 20 km south of

Poznań Poznań () is a city on the River Warta in west-central Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business centre, and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John ...

, with 12,107 inhabitants (2004). The

Mosiński Canal The Mosiński Canal () is a canalized branch of the Obra River running entirely within western-central Poland. It connects the Warta River at the village of Mosina (), then runs roughly east to an intersection with other Obra canals at a point no ...

runs east and west through the town, and joins the

Warta River The river Warta ( , ; german: Warthe ; la, Varta) rises in central Poland and meanders greatly north-west to flow into the Oder, against the German border. About long, it is Poland's second-longest river within its borders after the Vistula, a ...

just to the east.

History

The oldest known mention of Mosina comes from 1247, while in 1302 it was mentioned as a town. Its name is of Polish origin and comes from the Old Polish word ''moszyna''. For centuries, Mosina was a royal town of the

Polish Crown The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland ( pl, Korona Królestwa Polskiego; Latin: ''Corona Regni Poloniae''), known also as the Polish Crown, is the common name for the historic Late Middle Ages territorial possessions of the King of Poland, includ ...

, administratively located in the Poznań County in the

Poznań Voivodeship Poznań Voivodeship was the name of several former administrative regions (''województwo'', rendered as ''voivodeship'' and usually translated as "province") in Poland, centered on the city of Poznań, although the exact boundaries changed over t ...

in the

Greater Poland Province of the Polish Crown , subdivision = Province , nation = Poland , year_start = , event_end = Third Partition of Poland , year_end = , image_map = Prowincje I RP.svg , image_map_capt ...

. It was annexed by

Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an em ...

in the

Second Partition of Poland The 1793 Second Partition of Poland was the second of three partitions (or partial annexations) that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition occurred in the aftermath of the Polish–Russian W ...

in 1793. In 1807, it was included in the short-lived Polish

Duchy of Warsaw The Duchy of Warsaw ( pl, Księstwo Warszawskie, french: Duché de Varsovie, german: Herzogtum Warschau), also known as the Grand Duchy of Warsaw and Napoleonic Poland, was a French client state established by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1807, during ...

, and after the duchy's dissolution the town was re-annexed by Prussia in 1815. During the Polish Greater Poland uprising and the European

Spring of Nations The Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Springtime of the Peoples or the Springtime of Nations, were a series of political upheavals throughout Europe starting in 1848. It remains the most widespread revolutionary wave in Europea ...

, on May 3, 1848, Polish lawyer Jakub Krotowski-Krauthofer declared Polish independence in Mosina. The small Polish republic centered in Mosina was eventually crushed by the Prussians after their victory over the Polish insurgents at the Battle of

Rogalin Rogalin is a village in western Poland, situated on the river Warta. It lies approximately east of the town of Mosina, and south of the metropolitan city of Poznań.Konarzewo and then brutally treated, before being released in 1849 by amnesty. Poland eventually regained independence after

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

in 1918, and Mosina was then reintegrated with Poland. In the interbellum it administratively belonged to the

. Following the joint German-Soviet

invasion of Poland The invasion of Poland (1 September – 6 October 1939) was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union which marked the beginning of World War II. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week aft ...

, which started

in September 1939, the town was occupied by Germany until 1945 and local

Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Ce ...

were subjected to extensive genocidal policies. On October 20, 1939, the German '' Einsatzgruppe VI'' carried out a public execution of 15 Poles in the town as part of the ''

Intelligenzaktion The ''Intelligenzaktion'' (), or the Intelligentsia mass shootings, was a series of mass murders which was committed against the Polish intelligentsia (teachers, priests, physicians, and other prominent members of Polish society) early in the ...

''. Among the victims were teachers, doctors, merchants and craftsmen from Mosina and nearby villages.Wardzyńska (2009), p. 194 It was one of many massacres of Poles committed that day by Germany across the region in attempt to pacify and terrorize the Polish population. Poles from Mosina were also murdered by the German police and ''

Selbstschutz ''Selbstschutz'' (German for "self-protection") is the name given to different iterations of ethnic-German self-protection units formed both after the First World War and in the lead-up to the Second World War. The first incarnation of the ''Selb ...

'' in the nearby town of

Murowana Goślina Murowana Goślina (; german: Murowana-Goslin) is a town in Poznań County in western Poland, with 10,336 inhabitants (2009). It lies approximately north of the major city of Poznań, on the main road and railway line to Wągrowiec. The Trojanka ...

in September and November 1939. In 1939–1941, the occupiers carried out expulsions of Poles, whose houses, shops and workshops were then handed over to

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

colonists as part of the ''

Lebensraum (, ''living space'') is a German concept of settler colonialism, the philosophy and policies of which were common to German politics from the 1890s to the 1940s. First popularized around 1901, '' lso in:' became a geopolitical goal of Imper ...

'' policy. In 1943, many Polish children were kidnapped and imprisoned by the Germans in a camp for Polish children in

Łódź Łódź, also rendered in English as Lodz, is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located approximately south-west of Warsaw. The city's coat of arms is an example of canti ...

, which was nicknamed "little

Auschwitz Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. It con ...

" due to its conditions. Many children died in the camp.

Sports

The local

football Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly c ...

club is KS 1920 Mosina. It competes in the lower leagues.

Notable residents

* Friedrich Bauer (Missionar), (1812-1874), German missionary *

Lazarus Immanuel Fuchs Lazarus Immanuel Fuchs (5 May 1833 – 26 April 1902) was a Jewish-German mathematician who contributed important research in the field of linear differential equations. He was born in Moschin (Mosina) (located in Grand Duchy of Posen) and d ...

(1833–1902), German mathematician *

Herbert Baum Herbert Baum (February 10, 1912 – June 11, 1942) was a Jewish member of the German resistance against National Socialism. Life Baum was born in Moschin, Province of Posen; his family moved to Berlin when he was young. After he graduated fr ...

(1912–1942), German resistance fighter *

Monika Jagaciak Monika Jagaciak Jankic (; born 15 January 1994), known professionally as Jac Jagaciak, is a Polish model. After signing with IMG Models in 2007, Jagaciak was given the nickname "Jac" by the agency. Career Early work and controversy (2007–08) ...

(1994-), Polish model

References

External links

Official town webpage
{{Authority control Cities and towns in Greater Poland Voivodeship Poznań County Poznań Voivodeship (1921–1939)