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In Greek mythology, Moros Help:IPA/English, /ˈmɔːrɒs/ or Morus Help:IPA/English, /ˈmɔːrəs/ (Ancient Greek: Μόρος means 'doom, fate') is the 'hateful' personified spirit of impending doom, who drives mortals to their deadly fate. It was also said that Moros gave people the ability to foresee their death. His Roman Empire, Roman equivalent was Fatum (mythology), Fatum.


Family

Moros is the offspring of Nyx, the Greek primordial deities, primordial goddess of the night. It is suggested by Roman authors that Moros was sired by Erebus, primordial god of darkness. However, in Theogony, Hesiod's Theogony it is suggested that Nyx Virgin birth (mythology), bore him by herself, along with several of her other children. Regardless of the presence or absence of Moros' father, this would make him the brother of the Moirai, or the Fates. Among his other siblings are Thanatos and the Keres, death spirits who represented the physical aspects of death—Keres being the bringers of violent death and Terminal illness, terminal sickness, while Thanatos represents a more peaceful passing.


Hesiod's account

And Nyx (Night) bore hateful Moros (Doom) and black Ker (Violent Death) and Thanatos (Death), and she bore Hypnos (Sleep) and the tribe of Oneiros, Oneiroi (Dreams). And again the goddess murky Night, though she lay with none, bare Momus, Momos (Blame) and painful Oizys (Misery) and the Hesperides who guard the rich, golden apples and the trees bearing fruit beyond glorious Ocean. Also she bore the Moirai (Destinies) and ruthless avenging Keres (Death Fates), Clotho and Lachesis and Atropos, who give men at their birth both evil and good to have, and they pursue the transgressions of men and of gods: and these goddesses never cease from their dread anger until they punish the sinner with a sore penalty. Also deadly Night bore Nemesis (Indignation) to afflict mortal men, and after her, Apate (Deceit) and Philotes (Friendship) and hateful Geras (98) and hard-hearted Eris (mythology), Eris (Strife).


Hyginus's account

From Nyx, Nox/ Nyx (Night) and Erebus [were born]: Fatum/ Moros (Fate), Geras, Senectus/ Geras (Old Age), Thanatos, Mors/ Thanatos (Death), Letum (Dissolution), Sophrosyne, Continentia/ Sophrosyne (Moderation), Somnus/ Hypnos (Sleep), Oneiros, Somnia/ Oneiroi (Dreams), Cupid, Amor (Love)--that is Lysimeles, Epiphron (Prudence), Porphyrion (mythology), Porphyrion, Epaphus, Eris (mythology), Discordia/ Eris (Discord), Oizys, Miseria/ Oizys (Misery), Hybris (mythology), Petulantia/ Hybris (mythology), Hybris (Wantonness), Nemesis (Envy), Euphrosyne (Good Cheer), Amicitia/ Philotes (Friendship), Eleos, Misericordia/ Eleos (Compassion), Styx (Hatred); the three Parcae/ Moirai (Fates), namely Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos; the Hesperides.


Cicero's account

Their [Aether (mythology), Aether and Hemera, Hemera's] brothers and sisters, whom the ancient genealogists name Amor/ Eros (Love), Dolos (mythology), Dolus (Guile), Deimos (deity), Metus/ Deimos (deity), Deimos (Fear), Ponos, Labor/ Ponos, Ponus (Toil), Nemesis, Invidentia/ Nemesis (Envy), Fatum/ Moros (Fate), Senectus/ Geras (Old Age), Mors/ Thanatos (Death), Keres, Tenebrae/ Keres (Darkness), Miseria/ Oizys (Misery), Momus, Querella/ Momus (Complaint), Philotes, Gratia/ Philotes (Favour), Fraus/ Apate (Fraud), Pertinacia (Obstinacy), the Parcae/ Moirai (Fates), the Hesperides, the Somnia/ Oneiroi (Dreams): all of these are fabled to be the children of Erebus (Darkness) and Nox/ Nyx (Night).


Mythology

In ''Prometheus Bound'', the titular Titan (mythology), Titan suggests that he gave humanity the spirit Elpis (mythology), Elpis, meaning hope, in order to help them ignore the inevitability of Moros. He is also referred to as "the all-destroying god, who, even in the Greek underworld, realm of Death, does not set his victim free," further supporting his image as representative of the inevitability of death and suffering.


Aeschylus' account

Aeschylus, Fragment 199 (from Plutarch, Life and Poety of Homer 157) (trans. Weir Smyth): "A man dies not for the many wounds that pierce his breast, unless it be that life's end keep pace with death, nor by sitting on his hearth at home doth he the more escape his appointed doom (''peprômenon moros'')." The word ''moros'' is not personified here but the passage provides a clear picture of the concept.


In popular culture

Moros will be a character in the upcoming game ''Hades II (2023), Hades II'' published by Supergiant Games. His role in the game is currently unknown.


Notes


References

* Gaius Julius Hyginus, ''Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus'' translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies
Online version at the Topos Text Project.
* Hesiod, ''Theogony'' from ''The Homeric Hymns and Homerica'' with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, Cambridge, MA.,Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914
Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.Greek text available from the same website
* Cicero, Marcus Tullius Cicero, ''Nature of the Gods from the Treatises of M.T. Cicero'' translated by Charles Duke Yonge (1812-1891), Bohn edition of 1878
Online version at the Topos Text Project.
* Marcus Tullius Cicero, ''De Natura Deorum.'' O. Plasberg. Leipzig. Teubner. 1917.
Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library
{{Greek mythology (deities) Greek gods Time and fate gods Greek primordial deities Personifications in Greek mythology Children of Nyx Personifications