The 1984 uprising in Morocco, also known as the Bread Uprising, the Hunger Uprising or the Students' Uprising, was a group of protest movements that broke out on January 19, 1984 in a number of Moroccan cities, reaching its climax in the northern cities of
Al Hoceima
Al Hoceima ( ber, translit=Lḥusima, label= Riffian-Berber, ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ; ar, الحسيمة; '' es, Alhucemas'') is a Riffian city in the north of Morocco, on the northern edge of the Rif Mountains and on the Mediterranean coast. It i ...
, Nador,
Tetouan, Ksar el-Kebir, as well as
Marrakesh
Marrakesh or Marrakech ( or ; ar, مراكش, murrākuš, ; ber, ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ, translit=mṛṛakc}) is the fourth largest city in the Kingdom of Morocco. It is one of the four Imperial cities of Morocco and is the capital of the Marrakes ...
. Initially, the movement was composed of student demonstrations, but other social strata began to join them during a worsening economic context marked by the beginning of Morocco's implementation of the tedious structural adjustment policy, at the time, by the
International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution, headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of 190 countries. Its stated mission is "working to foster globa ...
, whose repercussions were the high cost of living and the application of additional fees for education. The protests were met with police repression and widespread arrests, with 200 being killed in the uprising. Social protests had occurred throughout 1982-1983 while mass protests and labor strikes occurred weeks before the national rebellion.
See also
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1965 Moroccan riots The 1965 Moroccan riots were street riots in the cities of Morocco, originating in Casablanca in March 1965. They began with a student protest, which expanded to include marginalized members of the population. The number of casualties incurred is c ...
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1981 Moroccan riots
The 1981 Moroccan riots (, also referred to as ''The Bread Martyrs''), also known as the Casablanca bread riots, broke out on May 29, 1981, in Casablanca, Morocco—a major event in the Years of Lead under Hassan II of Morocco. The revolt was ...
*
1988 October Riots
The 1988 October Riots were a series of street-level disturbances and riotous demonstrations by Algerian youth, which started on 5 October 1988 and ended on the 11th."La semaine sanglante", ''Jeune Afrique''. 19 October 1988. PP. 10-16. The riots ...
in Algeria
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2011-2012 Moroccan protests
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Hirak Rif Movement
References
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Protests in Morocco