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Morinobu Endo (遠藤 守信 ''Endō Morinobu'', born September 28, 1946) is a Japanese
physicist A physicist is a scientist who specializes in the field of physics, which encompasses the interactions of matter and energy at all length and time scales in the physical universe. Physicists generally are interested in the root or ultimate caus ...
and
chemist A chemist (from Greek ''chēm(ía)'' alchemy; replacing ''chymist'' from Medieval Latin ''alchemist'') is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. Chemists carefully describe th ...
, often cited as one of the pioneers of
carbon nanofibers Carbon nanofibers (CNFs), vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCFs), or vapor grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) are cylindrical nanostructures with graphene layers arranged as stacked cone (geometry), cones, cups or plates. Carbon nanofibers with graphene ...
and
carbon nanotubes A scanning tunneling microscopy image of a single-walled carbon nanotube Rotating single-walled zigzag carbon nanotube A carbon nanotube (CNT) is a tube made of carbon with diameters typically measured in nanometers. ''Single-wall carbon nan ...
synthesis at the beginning of the 1970s. He demonstrated carbon fibers can be grown by gas pyrolysis and traveled to
Orléans Orléans (;"Orleans"
(US) and
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
in 1974 working with Madame Agnès Oberlin at
CNRS The French National Centre for Scientific Research (french: link=no, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 ...
in her laboratory. He discovered carbon nanotubes in 1976 as part of his studies at
University of Orleans A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...
in France. He has been awarded the Charles E. Pettinos Award from the American Carbon Society in 2001, "For his pioneering work and applications of carbon nanotubes", Medal of Achievement in Carbon Science and Technology from the American Carbon Society in 2004, "for the discovery of, and early synthesis work on, carbon nanotubes". Born in
Nagano Prefecture is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Chūbu region of Honshū. Nagano Prefecture has a population of 2,052,493 () and has a geographic area of . Nagano Prefecture borders Niigata Prefecture to the north, Gunma Prefecture to the ...
in 1946, he studied
electrical engineering Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design, and application of equipment, devices, and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the l ...
and received his
Bachelor of Engineering A Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) or a Bachelor of Science in Engineering (BSE) is an academic undergraduate degree awarded to a student after three to five years of studying engineering at an accredited college or university. In the UK, a Bache ...
and
Master's degree A master's degree (from Latin ) is an academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice.
in 1969 and 1971 from
Shinshu University , abbreviated to , is a Japanese national university located in Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As the only university in Japan bearing the name of a former Japanese province, it bears the name "Shinshu" (alternative name for Shinano Pr ...
, Japan, respectively, and obtained " Docteur d`Universite" in 1975 from University of Orléans, France, then
Ph.D. A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD, Ph.D., or DPhil; Latin: or ') is the most common degree at the highest academic level awarded following a course of study. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. Because it is ...
in 1978 from
Nagoya University , abbreviated to or NU, is a Japanese national research university located in Chikusa-ku, Nagoya. It was the seventh Imperial University in Japan, one of the first five Designated National University and selected as a Top Type university of T ...
, Japan. In his works, he developed the structural, synthetic research as well as physical properties analysis, mainly on multi-walled carbon nanotubes. He showed that they had a tubular structure of
graphite Graphite () is a crystalline form of the element carbon. It consists of stacked layers of graphene. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions. Synthetic and natural graphite are consumed on large ...
layers grown by ultra-fine iron particle by
catalytic Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...
process, and developed to mass production process for the first time. This catalytic CVD process has been used as an industrially available mass production method, both substrate and floating catalyst processes. Present CCVD process has been expecting to grow the wide range of carbon nanotubes by controlling the growth site as well as their nanostructure. His main research interests are science and applications of "nanocarbons" such as carbon nanotubes, and he has contributed to development of new composites and high-performance energy storage devices such as
lithium ion battery A lithium-ion or Li-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery which uses the reversible reduction of lithium ions to store energy. It is the predominant battery type used in portable consumer electronics and electric vehicles. It also se ...
, electric double layer capacitor, and
fuel cell A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requ ...
, based on such structure controlled advanced carbons. Since 1990, he is a
professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who pr ...
of Education and training of electrical and electronics engineers, and now is also the
Director Director may refer to: Literature * ''Director'' (magazine), a British magazine * ''The Director'' (novel), a 1971 novel by Henry Denker * ''The Director'' (play), a 2000 play by Nancy Hasty Music * Director (band), an Irish rock band * ''D ...
of Institute of Carbon Science & Technology, both at
Shinshu University , abbreviated to , is a Japanese national university located in Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As the only university in Japan bearing the name of a former Japanese province, it bears the name "Shinshu" (alternative name for Shinano Pr ...
. He is one of the international advisory members of “CARBON” journal. He has been invited at many international conferences and symposium as a plenary lecturer/key-note speaker. In addition, he has joined many international conferences as a chairman, organizer and advisory board member.


Research fields

*Carbon Science and Applications of Novel Carbon Materials Including Nanocarbons.


Professional record

*1974–1975,
CNRS The French National Centre for Scientific Research (french: link=no, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 ...
, France (Visiting
Research Fellow A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a pr ...
) *1972– , Shinshu University Faculty of Engineering (Assistant) *1977– , Shinshu University Faculty of Engineering (
Lecturer Lecturer is an List of academic ranks, academic rank within many universities, though the meaning of the term varies somewhat from country to country. It generally denotes an academic expert who is hired to teach on a full- or part-time basis. T ...
) *1978– , Shinshu University Faculty of Engineering (
Associate Professor Associate professor is an academic title with two principal meanings: in the North American system and that of the ''Commonwealth system''. Overview In the ''North American system'', used in the United States and many other countries, it is a ...
) *1982– ,
MIT The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private land-grant research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Established in 1861, MIT has played a key role in the development of modern technology and science, and is one of the m ...
, America (visiting research fellow) *1990– , Shinshu University Faculty of Engineering (
Professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an Academy, academic rank at university, universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a "person who pr ...
) *1993–1994, Cooperative Research Center, Shinshu University (Head) *2004–2011, The Carbon Society of Japan (
chairman The chairperson, also chairman, chairwoman or chair, is the presiding officer of an organized group such as a board, committee, or deliberative assembly. The person holding the office, who is typically elected or appointed by members of the grou ...
) *2005–2012, Institute of Carbon Science & Technology, Shinshu University (Head) *2012– , Institute of Carbon Science & Technology, Shinshu University (Director)


Academy

*The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan *The Japan Society of Applied Physics *The Carbon Society of Japan *
Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers The is a Japanese institute specializing in the areas of electronic, information and communication engineering and associated fields. Its headquarters are located in Tokyo, Japan. It is a membership organization with the purpose of advancing ...
*MRS *American Carbon Society


Recognition

*1995, Carbon Society of Japan award(The Carbon Society of Japan) *2001, Charles E. Pettinos Award(American Carbon Society) *2003, Shinmai Prize(Shinmai Culture Foundation) *2003, Ishikawa Award(Ishikawa Carbon Science Technology Promotion Foundation) *2004, Medal of Achievement in Carbon Science and Technology(American Carbon Society) *2007, Prize for Science and Technology(Research Category), the Commendation for Science and Technology(Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) *2007, Commendation by the Governor of Nagano Prefecture for Industrial and Commercial Achievements(Nagano Prefecture) *2007, Special Lectureship Award at Annual Meeting on Photochemistry, 2007(The Japanese Photochemistry Association) *2008, Chunichi Culture Award(Chunichi Shimbun) *2008, Medal with Purple Ribbon(Government of Japan) *2009, The International Union of Materials Research Societies (IUMRS) Somiya Award(The International Union of Materials Research Societies, USA) *2010, Alice Hamilton Awards for Occupational Safety and Health(The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH), USA) , Biological Science Category *2012, International Ceramics Prize 2012 *2012, NANOSMAT Prize 2012 * and others


References


External links


Endo laboratory, Shinshu UniversityInstitute of Carbon Science & Technology, Shinshu UniversityShinshu University Online System of General Academic Resources (SOAR)
* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20140419094050/http://www.sfc.fr/material/hrst.mit.edu/hrs/materials/public/Endo/Endo_interview_wpix.htm Morinobu Endo interview, Nagano, October 26, 2002 {{DEFAULTSORT:Endo, Morinobu 1946 births 20th-century Japanese physicists 20th-century Japanese chemists 21st-century Japanese physicists 21st-century Japanese chemists Living people People from Nagano Prefecture Japanese nanotechnologists Carbon scientists University of Orléans alumni Massachusetts Institute of Technology fellows French National Centre for Scientific Research scientists