Mordecai Lincoln (1771 – 1830) was an uncle of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. He was the eldest son of Captain Abraham Lincoln, a brother of Thomas Lincoln and

Mary Lincoln Crume Mary Ada Lincoln Crume, (1775 – c. 1832) was born in Linville Creek, Rockingham County, Virginia and is buried in the cemetery at Crume Valley, Breckinridge County, Kentucky. She was the aunt of the 16th President of the United States Abraham Li ...

, and the husband of Mary Mudd. Lincoln is buried at the Old Catholic or Lincoln Cemetery near

Fountain Green, Illinois Fountain Green is an unincorporated community located about eleven miles northeast of Carthage, Illinois, United States in Fountain Green Township, Hancock County, Illinois. Geography Fountain Green is located at at an elevation of 682 feet. Hi ...

. Mordecai's Springfield, Kentucky

home A home, or domicile, is a space used as a permanent or semi-permanent residence for one or many humans, and sometimes various companion animals. It is a fully or semi sheltered space and can have both interior and exterior aspects to it. H ...

, is the only home built by a member of the Lincoln family that still stands in its original location. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Early life

Mordecai was the first child born to Abraham Lincoln (1744–1786) and Bathsheba Herring (–1836), having been born in 1771 Augusta County, now Rockingham County, Virginia. Abraham had been given 210 acres of prime Virginian land from his father, John Lincoln, and later sold the land to move in 1782 to western Virginia, now Kentucky. He amassed an estate of 5,544 acres of prime Kentucky land, realizing the bounty as advised by Daniel Boone, a relative of the Lincoln family. The couple had five children: Mordecai, Josiah, Thomas, Ann (Nancy) and Mary. The family settled in Jefferson County, about twenty miles (32 km) east of the site of Louisville. The territory was still contested by Native Americans living across the

Ohio River The Ohio River is a long river in the United States. It is located at the boundary of the Midwestern and Southern United States, flowing southwesterly from western Pennsylvania to its mouth on the Mississippi River at the southern tip of Illino ...

. For protection the settlers lived near frontier forts, called stations, to which they retreated when the alarm was given. Abraham Lincoln settled near Hughes' Station on Floyd's Fork and began clearing land, planting corn, and building a cabin. One day in May 1786, Abraham Lincoln was working in his field with his three sons when he was shot from the nearby forest and fell to the ground. The eldest boy, Mordecai, ran to the cabin for the loaded gun, while the middle son, Josiah, ran to Hughes' Station for help. Thomas, the youngest, stood in shock by his father. From the cabin, Mordecai saw an American Indian come out of the forest and stop by his father's body. The Native American reached for Thomas. Mordecai took aim and shot the Native American in the chest, killing him and saving Thomas from the presumably ill-intentioned Native American. After having seen his father killed, Mordecai maintained a hatred and "avenging spirit" towards Native Americans. Soon after his mother moved the family to Washington County, Kentucky (near

Springfield Springfield may refer to: * Springfield (toponym), the place name in general Places and locations Australia * Springfield, New South Wales (Central Coast) * Springfield, New South Wales (Snowy Monaro Regional Council) * Springfield, Queenslan ...

). After Mordecai's father died, Mordecai as the eldest son inherited his father's land and property, according to the system of

primogeniture Primogeniture ( ) is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn legitimate child to inherit the parent's entire or main estate in preference to shared inheritance among all or some children, any illegitimate child or any collateral relativ ...

. Left without a patrimony like many younger sons, Josiah and Thomas had to make their own way in the world. A replica of the home where Bathsheba raised the five children was erected in 1934 in the

Lincoln Homestead State Park Lincoln Homestead State Park is a state park located just north of Springfield, Kentucky in Washington County. The park encompasses , and features both historic buildings and reconstructions associated with Thomas Lincoln, father of President Ab ...

Adulthood

In 1792 he married Mary Mudd, daughter of Luke Mudd. In January 1797 Mordecai sold his inherited property in Jefferson County that had been purchased by his father in 1780. He sold the 400 acres for £400. Four months later, he purchased 300 acres in Springfield, Kentucky for £100 from Terah Templin. Templin was Kentucky's first ordained Presbyterian minister. The two-storied cabin, called the Lincoln Homestead was built when Mordecai was 26 years of age. Between 1810 and 1815 the two-story cabin was enlarged and faced with a Federal-style frame by Wilfred Hayden, the second owner of the home. The actual, enlarged and renovated Mordecai Lincoln Homestead is located on its original site, the only Lincoln family home believed to be on its original location. The couple had six children. Three sons were named Abraham, James and Mordecai. All of their children were born in Washington County, Kentucky. Mordecai lived near his friend Richard Berry, the home where his brother Thomas Lincoln and

Nancy Hanks Nancy Hanks Lincoln (February 5, 1784 – October 5, 1818) was the mother of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln. Her marriage to Thomas Lincoln also produced a daughter, Sarah, and a son, Thomas Jr. When Nancy and Thomas had been married for j ...

were married in 1806. In 1802 Mordecai sold 200 of the 300 acres and the home; In 1806 he sold the final 100 acres. Mordecai bred racehorses. Lincoln owned more than 400 acres by 1810. Mordecai and his family moved to Grayson County, Kentucky from Washington County in 1811. In the spring of 1828 he moved from his Grayson County home to Fountain Park (

), Hancock County, Illinois with other families of the Catholic faith; Four of the couple's six children moved with them. Mordecai was "overtaken" and died during a three-day blizzard in December 1830 in Fountain Green. Although his horse returned during the storm, he was captured in the snow that drifted up to 20 feet and his body was not recovered until the snow melted in April. Following Mordecai's death, Mary lived with her unmarried son Mordecai at the time of her death. Mordecai was known for his intellect, generosity, and story telling.

Relationship with Abraham Lincoln

In regards to Mordecai's wit and abilities, on several occasions, President Lincoln referred to his uncle as his most important familial influence, and once remarked that "Uncle Mord had run off with all the talents of the family." Like Abraham Lincoln, his uncle's family was also subject to depression, called "the Lincoln horrors." Aside from sharing the tendency to melancholy, Mordecai and his sons also appeared to share a sense of humor as well as a physical resemblance with Abraham Lincoln.

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