Loire
The Loire (, also ; ; oc, Léger, ; la, Liger) is the longest river in France and the 171st longest in the world. With a length of , it drains , more than a fifth of France's land, while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône ...
on the north west of the city of Saint-Étienne. It was created during the French revolution then included in Saint-Étienne in
1855
Events
January–March
* January 1 – Ottawa, Ontario, is incorporated as a city.
* January 5 – Ramón Castilla begins his third term as President of Peru.
* January 23
** The first bridge over the Mississippi River open ...
.
History
''Monte Alto'' appears in 14th century texts. In the 19th century the commune saw industrial expansion in the form of
coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Coal is formed when ...
mining and of ribbon-making. Sainte-Marie mine, atop Crêt de Montaud, was working until 1960.
Montaud.png, View of the suburb, c. 1860.
PuitsSteMarie.png, Sainte-Marie mine c. 1880.
About
1840
Events
January–March
* January 3 – One of the predecessor papers of the ''Herald Sun'' of Melbourne, Australia, ''The Port Phillip Herald'', is founded.
* January 10 – Uniform Penny Post is introduced in the United Kingdom.
* Janu ...
a railway was built to connect Châteaucreux to Montaud station for transporting coal. At this time a scythe factory gave work to around 500 employees and was the main place for under 14s to work.
Montaud was the birthplace of the composer Jules Massenet, at 4 place Marengo in 1842, whose father had set up a local scythe factory in 1838.Harding, James. ''Massenet''. JM Dent & Sons Ltd, London, 1970, p16-17.