Monok is a village in
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén,
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the ...
and is part of the
Tokaj wine region
Tokaj wine region ( hu, Tokaji borvidék sk, Vinohradnícka oblasť Tokaj) or Tokaj-Hegyalja wine region (short ''Tokaj-Hegyalja'' or ''Hegyalja'') is a historical wine region located in northeastern Hungary and southeastern Slovakia. It is also ...
.
Geography
The nearest town is
Szerencs
Szerencs is a town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary. It lies away from Miskolc, and away from Budapest. It has about 9,100 inhabitants.
History
Szerencs grew into a town where the Great Plain and the Zemplén mountains meet. ...
away. Neighbouring villages are
Golop
Golop is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to ...
away,
Legyesbénye away and
Tállya
Tállya is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary, 45 kilometres from county seat Miskolc, in the famous Tokaj-Hegyalja wine district.
Geography
Tállya is located at . According to the 2001 Census the village has a total ...
away.
The
Zemplén Mountains have two sides: on the north
Vilvitány Hill, on the south Szerencs Hill. The village lies in the valley between the two.
Although the north is mountainous the south is lower lying at around . On the north and south slopes there are fields and vineyards whose wines compete with those from
Tokaj
Tokaj () is a historical town in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Northern Hungary, 54 kilometers from county capital Miskolc. It is the centre of the Tokaj-Hegyalja wine district where Tokaji wine is produced.
History
The wine-growing area w ...
, and the fields bordering the vineyards offer views of the
Tatra Mountains
The Tatra Mountains (), Tatras, or Tatra (''Tatry'' either in Slovak () or in Polish () - '' plurale tantum''), are a series of mountains within the Western Carpathians that form a natural border between Slovakia and Poland. They are the hi ...
.
History
It is not certain when the village was established, but it was some time during the
Mongol invasion of Europe
From the 1220s into the 1240s, the Mongols conquered the Turkic states of Volga Bulgaria, Cumania, Alania, and the Kievan Rus' federation. Following this, they began their invasion into heartland Europe by launching a two-pronged invasion of ...
, or the earlier Hungarian invasion ( hu, honfoglalás).
The first record of the village is in 1392 and the
Monok family owned it from the mid 13th century until the mid 17th century. The name of the village allegedly comes from
Slavic ''monoh'' meaning "
monk
A monk (, from el, μοναχός, ''monachos'', "single, solitary" via Latin ) is a person who practices religious asceticism by monastic living, either alone or with any number of other monks. A monk may be a person who decides to dedica ...
". During the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
the village was razed and in 1567 it was recorded as being just barren fields. Towards the end of this century the village was reinhabited and around 1570 a small castle was built in the
Renaissance style
Renaissance architecture is the European architecture of the period between the early 15th and early 16th centuries in different regions, demonstrating a conscious revival and development of certain elements of ancient Greek and Roman thought a ...
. Later, the village was owned by the
Andrássy family who renovated the castle, but because it was too small they built another nearby in the
Classical style
Classical architecture usually denotes architecture which is more or less consciously derived from the principles of Greek and Roman architecture of classical antiquity, or sometimes even more specifically, from the works of the Roman architect V ...
.
Ethnicity
93% of the population is
Hungarian, with the remaining 7% being of
Romany origin.
Traditions
* Monok holds a summer
fair on the second Sunday of every September called fair, to which people from far and wide make a
pilgrimage
A pilgrimage is a journey, often into an unknown or foreign place, where a person goes in search of new or expanded meaning about their self, others, nature, or a higher good, through the experience. It can lead to a personal transformation, aft ...
.
* Each August the renovated Monaky Castle holds a "Renaissance Castle Day", when people wear period dress and perform archery and stage
marionette
A marionette (; french: marionnette, ) is a puppet controlled from above using wires or strings depending on regional variations. A marionette's puppeteer is called a marionettist. Marionettes are operated with the puppeteer hidden or revealed ...
shows. There is also a market and a
beer
Beer is one of the oldest and the most widely consumed type of alcoholic drink in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. It is produced by the brewing and fermentation of starches, mainly derived from ce ...
tent, which also serves cauldrons of
goulash
Goulash ( hu, gulyás) is a soup or stew of meat and vegetables seasoned with paprika and other spices. Originating in Hungary, goulash is a common meal predominantly eaten in Central Europe but also in other parts of Europe. It is one of the n ...
and
soft drinks.
Landmarks
*
Lajos Kossuth's birthplace
* Andrássy Castle
* Renaissance Castle (small)
*
War memorial
A war memorial is a building, monument, statue, or other edifice to celebrate a war or victory, or (predominating in modern times) to commemorate those who died or were injured in a war.
Symbolism
Historical usage
It has ...
s
* Kálvária fairground
*
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
* Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
* Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
church, renovated in 2005
* Lake Ingvár
* Many old houses with
veranda
A veranda or verandah is a roofed, open-air gallery or porch, attached to the outside of a building. A veranda is often partly enclosed by a railing and frequently extends across the front and sides of the structure.
Although the form ''vera ...
s in several architectural styles
* Szécheny family
mausoleum.
Notable people
*
Lajos Kossuth, leader of Hungary, was born in Monok on 19 September 1802
*
Miklós Németh
Miklós Németh (, born 24 January 1948) is a retired Hungarian economist and politician who served as Prime Minister of Hungary from 24 November 1988 to 23 May 1990. He was one of the leaders of the Socialist Workers' Party, Hungary's Communi ...
, Hungarian Prime Minister, was born in Monok on 24 January 1948
* János Holup, sport shooter
References
External links
Edit Tamás: Monok(in Hungarian)
European Wine Routes website(in Hungarian)
Aerial photographs of Monok(in Hungarian)
(in Hungarian)
Monok – Portal(in Hungarian)
Street map at terkepcentrum.hu(in Hungarian)
{{Authority control
Populated places in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County