The Mongol United Autonomous Government was a
Japanese puppet regime in
Inner Mongolia from 1937 to 1939.
History
Following the
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
The Marco Polo Bridge Incident, also known as the Lugou Bridge Incident () or the July 7 Incident (), was a July 1937 battle between China's National Revolutionary Army and the Imperial Japanese Army.
Since the Japanese invasion of Manchuria ...
, Japanese troops were eager to sent troops into Inner Mongolia, and on October 14th, 1937, the Japanese captured
Hohhot
Hohhot,; abbreviated zh, c=呼市, p=Hūshì, labels=no formerly known as Kweisui, is the capital of Inner Mongolia in the north of the People's Republic of China, serving as the region's administrative, economic and cultural center.''The Ne ...
and October 17th,
Baotou
Baotou (; mn, Buɣutu qota, Бугат хот) is the largest city by urban population in Inner Mongolia, China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, as of the 2020 census, its built-up (''or metro'') area made up of its 5 urban districts is h ...
.
On October 27th, the 2nd Mongol Conference was held in Hohhot with the assistance of Japan, and the Mongol United Autonomous Government was established on the 28th along with the Inner Mongolian Interim Law, the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Government Referendum, and the election of
Yondonwangchug as chairman of the government.
Along with other puppet governments in Mongolia, like the autonomous governments of
South Chahar and
North Shanxi, established the
Mongolian-Jiangsu Joint Committee to administer general affairs within Inner Mongolia and Shanxi. On September 1st, 1939, the governments went a step further by establishing the
Mengjiang government.
Organization
The Mongol United Autonomous Government was established in Hohhot with a chairman and vice chairman; "the chairman is the sovereign of the Mongol United Autonomous Government; in case of an incident, the chairman will act on his behalf". There was also the Governmental Council responsible for all administrations. The State Council included the Ministry of General Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Security, each with several smaller departments.
The subdivisions of the Mongol United Autonomous Government, under the jurisdiction of the Council of State Affairs, were the
Ulan Chabu League, the
Yikezhao League, the
Chahar League Chahar or Chakhar may refer to:
Sino-Mongolian uses
* Chahar Mongols, a Mongol tribe
* Chakhar Mongolian (Chakhar), a Mongolian dialect spoken by the Chahar tribe
* Chahar Province, a former province of China named after them
* Chahar Right Front B ...
,
Bayantala League (established later on), and the
Xilin Gol League, along with the municipal offices of Hohhot and Baotou. Each league office had one league leader, one deputy leader, and one Japanese participating official.
See also
*
Mengjiang
*
North Shanxi Autonomous Government
*
South Chahar Autonomous Government
References
{{Reflist
__FORCETOC__
States and territories disestablished in 1939
Client states of the Empire of Japan
Mengjiang
Former countries in East Asia
States and territories established in 1937
Axis powers
Japan–Mongolia relations
Collaboration with the Axis Powers
Mongol collaborators with Imperial Japan
History of Inner Mongolia