Mogaung ( my, မိုးကောင်း) or Möngkawng ( tdd, ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥐᥩᥒᥰ; zh, 孟拱) was a
Shan state in what is present-day
Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
. It was an outlying territory, located away from the main
Shan State area in present-day
Kachin State
Kachin State ( my, ကချင်ပြည်နယ်; Kachin: ), also known by the endonym Kachinland, is the northernmost state of Myanmar. It is bordered by China to the north and east (Tibet and Yunnan, specifically and respectively); Sh ...
. The state existed until 1796. The main town was
Mogaung (Mong Kawng).
History
According to legend a predecessor state named Udiri Pale had been established in 58 BC. The area was said to have been inhabited by the Tai Long. According to Tai chronicles the kingdom was founded in 1215 by a ''saopha'' named Sam Long Hpa who ruled over an area stretching from
Hkamti Long to
Shwebo, and extending into the country of the
Nagas and
Mishmis.
[Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 18, p. 137. - Myitkyina District, History](_blank)
/ref>
Möngkawng (Mong Yang) was occupied by China between 1479 and 1483, after regaining independence it was again briefly occupied by China in 1495.
From 1651 to 1742 the state was occupied by the Ava-based Kingdom of Burma and following a period of less than thirty years it was again occupied by Burma from 1771 to 1775. Finally Möngkawng was annexed by the Ava Kingdom in 1796.
After becoming part of Burma Möngkawng was ruled by administrators named ''wuns''. During British rule in Burma
( Burmese)
, conventional_long_name = Colony of Burma
, common_name = Burma
, era = Colonial era
, event_start = First Anglo-Burmese War
, year_start = 1824
, date_start = ...
it became part of the Myitkyina District of the Mandalay Division.
In Chinese chronicle '' Ming Shilu'', the state was known as Mengyang and was under Yunnan as a pacification superintendency. In the same chronicle, the kingdom is said to extend to the east to Jinsha River in China, south to Ava-Burma, west to the territory of Da-Gula and to the north till Ganyai, a polity near Daying river
The Taping River, known as Ta Hkaw Hka in Kachin and Daying River () in Chinese, is a river in Yunnan province, China and northern Myanmar (Burma). It is the first tributary of the country's chief river, the Irrawaddy, and the watersheds between i ...
.
In 1408, the polity was occupied by Da-Gula.["The MSL notes that this entity was located close to Da Gu-la (q.v.) and was occupied by the latter in 1408"]
It is asserted that it was originally under the territory of Lu-chuan and it is to Mongkawng and Da-Gula where Si Jifa, the ruler of Mong Mao fled after the destruction of Lu-chuan by the Chinese during the Luchuan–Pingmian campaigns (1436–49).
Rulers
The rulers of the state bore the title '' Saopha''.
Saophas
* 1663–1673: Sui Yaw
*1673–1729: Sui Kyek
*1729–1739: Hum
*1739–1748: Haw (1st time) (d. 1777)
*1748–1765: Haw Kam
*1765–1768: Haw (2nd time) (s.a.)
*1768–1771: Maung Kiaw
*1771–1775: Maung Piu (d. 1775)
*1775–1785: Vacant
*1785–1796: Yaw Pan Kyung
References
Bibliography
*
External links
"Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan states"
Shan States
Kachin State
{{Kachin-geo-stub
ca:Mongkawng