By the arrangements of the
Canadian federation,
Canada's monarchy operates in
New Brunswick
New Brunswick (french: Nouveau-Brunswick, , locally ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. It is the only province with both English and ...
as the core of the province's
Westminster-style parliamentary
A parliamentary system, or parliamentarian democracy, is a system of democratic governance of a state (or subordinate entity) where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the support ("confidence") of the ...
democracy
Democracy (From grc, δημοκρατία, dēmokratía, ''dēmos'' 'people' and ''kratos'' 'rule') is a form of government in which people, the people have the authority to deliberate and decide legislation ("direct democracy"), or to choo ...
.
As such,
the Crown
The Crown is the state in all its aspects within the jurisprudence of the Commonwealth realms and their subdivisions (such as the Crown Dependencies, overseas territories, provinces, or states). Legally ill-defined, the term has different ...
within New Brunswick's jurisdiction is referred to as ''the Crown in Right of New Brunswick'', ''His Majesty in Right of New Brunswick'', or ''the King in Right of New Brunswick''. The
Constitution Act, 1867
The ''Constitution Act, 1867'' (french: Loi constitutionnelle de 1867),''The Constitution Act, 1867'', 30 & 31 Victoria (U.K.), c. 3, http://canlii.ca/t/ldsw retrieved on 2019-03-14. originally enacted as the ''British North America Act, 186 ...
, however, leaves many royal duties in New Brunswick specifically assigned to the sovereign's viceroy, the
Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick
The lieutenant governor of New Brunswick (, in French: ''Lieutenant-gouverneur'' (if male) or ''Lieutenante-gouverneure'' (if female) ''du Nouveau-Brunswick'') is the viceregal representative in New Brunswick of the , who operates distinctly wit ...
,
whose direct participation in governance is limited by the
conventional stipulations of
constitutional monarchy
A constitutional monarchy, parliamentary monarchy, or democratic monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the monarch exercises their authority in accordance with a constitution and is not alone in decision making. Constitutional monarchies dif ...
.
Constitutional role
The role of the Crown is both legal and practical; it functions in
New Brunswick
New Brunswick (french: Nouveau-Brunswick, , locally ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. It is the only province with both English and ...
in the same way
it does in all of Canada's other provinces, being the centre of a constitutional construct in which the institutions of government acting under the sovereign's authority share the power of the whole. It is thus the foundation of the
executive
Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to:
Role or title
* Executive, a senior management role in an organization
** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators
** Executive dir ...
,
legislative
A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government.
Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known ...
, and
judicial
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...
branches of the
province's government.
The
Canadian monarch
The monarchy of Canada is Canada's form of government embodied by the Canadian sovereign and head of state. It is at the core of Canada's constitutional Canadian federalism, federal structure and Westminster system, Westminster-style Parliamentar ...
—since 8 September 2022,
King
King is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen, which title is also given to the consort of a king.
*In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the tit ...
Charles III
Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is King of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms. He was the longest-serving heir apparent and Prince of Wales and, at age 73, became the oldest person t ...
—is represented and his duties carried out by the
Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick
The lieutenant governor of New Brunswick (, in French: ''Lieutenant-gouverneur'' (if male) or ''Lieutenante-gouverneure'' (if female) ''du Nouveau-Brunswick'') is the viceregal representative in New Brunswick of the , who operates distinctly wit ...
, whose direct participation in governance is limited by the
conventional stipulations of
constitutional monarchy
A constitutional monarchy, parliamentary monarchy, or democratic monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the monarch exercises their authority in accordance with a constitution and is not alone in decision making. Constitutional monarchies dif ...
, with most related powers entrusted for exercise by the elected
parliamentarians, the
ministers of the Crown
Minister of the Crown is a formal constitutional term used in Commonwealth realms to describe a minister of the reigning sovereign or viceroy. The term indicates that the minister serves at His Majesty's pleasure, and advises the sovereign or ...
generally drawn from amongst them, and the
judges and
justices of the peace
A justice of the peace (JP) is a judicial officer of a lower or ''puisne'' court, elected or appointed by means of a commission ( letters patent) to keep the peace. In past centuries the term commissioner of the peace was often used with the sa ...
.
The Crown today primarily functions as a guarantor of continuous and stable governance and a
nonpartisan safeguard against the abuse of power.
This arrangement began with the 1867
British North America Act,
and continued an unbroken line of monarchical government extending back to the early 16th century. However, though New Brunswick has a separate government headed by the King, as a province, New Brunswick is not itself a kingdom.
Government House
Government House is the name of many of the official residences of governors-general, governors and lieutenant-governors in the Commonwealth and the remaining colonies of the British Empire. The name is also used in some other countries.
Gover ...
in
Fredericton is owned by the sovereign only in his capacity as King in Right of New Brunswick and used as an
official residence
An official residence is the residence of a head of state, head of government, governor, religious leader, leaders of international organizations, or other senior figure. It may be the same place where they conduct their work-related functions. ...
by both the lieutenant governor and the sovereign and other members of the
Canadian Royal Family
The monarchy of Canada is Canada's form of government embodied by the Canadian sovereign and head of state. It is at the core of Canada's constitutional federal structure and Westminster-style parliamentary democracy. The monarchy is the founda ...
will reside there when in New Brunswick.
Royal associations
Those in the Royal Family
perform ceremonial duties when on a tour of the province; the royal persons do not receive any personal income for their service, only the costs associated with the exercise of these obligations are funded by both the Canadian and New Brunswick Crowns
in their respective councils.
Monuments around New Brunswick mark some of those visits, while others honour a royal personage or event. Further, New Brunswick's monarchical status is illustrated by
royal names applied to regions, communities, schools, and buildings, many of which may also have a specific history with a member or members of the Royal Family; New Brunswick itself is named in honour of
King George III
George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...
, who belonged to the
House of Brunswick. Gifts are also sometimes offered from the people of New Brunswick to the royal person to mark a visit or an important milestone; for instance, Queen Elizabeth II was given in 1951 a pair of hand-woven car blankets made by the loom crofters of
Gagetown and, in 1976, a
quilt
A quilt is a multi-layered textile, traditionally composed of two or more layers of fabric or fiber. Commonly three layers are used with a filler material. These layers traditionally include a woven cloth top, a layer of padding, batting or w ...
hand-sewn by the
Havelock United Baptist Church Ladies' Auxiliary.
Associations also exist between the Crown and many private organizations within the province; these may have been founded by a
Royal Charter
A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but s ...
,
received a ''royal'' prefix, and/or been honoured with
the patronage of a member of the Royal Family. Examples include the
Royal New Brunswick Rifle Association, which received its ''royal'' prefix from Queen Elizabeth II in 1983. At the various levels of education within New Brunswick, there also exist a number of scholarships and academic awards either established by or named for members of the Royal Family, such as the
Queen Elizabeth II Scholarship
Queen or QUEEN may refer to:
Monarchy
* Queen regnant, a female monarch of a Kingdom
** List of queens regnant
* Queen consort, the wife of a reigning king
* Queen dowager, the widow of a king
* Queen mother, a queen dowager who is the mothe ...
, set up by the government of New Brunswick to coincide with the visit of the Queen to the province in 1959.
The main symbol of the monarchy is the sovereign himself, his image (in portrait or effigy) thus being used to signify government authority. A
royal cypher or crown may also illustrate the monarchy as the locus of authority, without referring to any specific monarch. Further, though the monarch does not form a part of the constitutions of
New Brunswick's honours, they do stem from the Crown as the ''
fount of honour'', and so bear on the insignia symbols of the sovereign.
File:Lake George New Brunswick.jpg, Lake George, named for King George III
George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...
File:University of New Brunswick (Fredericton campus, 2005).jpg, Fredericton, named for Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (Frederick Augustus; 16 August 1763 – 5 January 1827) was the second son of George III, King of the United Kingdom and Hanover, and his consort Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. A soldier by profes ...
File:NB Alma2 tango7174.jpg, Albert County, which derives its name from Albert, Prince Consort
File:PrincessMargaretBridge 12.jpg, Princess Margaret Bridge, named after Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon
History
Queen Elizabeth II journeyed to New Brunswick to celebrate the province's bicentennial in 1984. While at the Legislative Building, the Queen issued a
Royal Warrant augmenting the
province's coat of arms with its present crest, supporters, compartment, motto.
In 2022, New Brunswick instituted a
provincial Platinum Jubilee medal to mark the Queen's
seventy years on the Canadian throne; the first time in Canada's history that a royal occasion was commemorated on
provincial medals.
See also
*
Symbols of New Brunswick
*
Monarchy
A monarchy is a government#Forms, form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication. The legitimacy (political)#monarchy, political legitimacy and authority of the monarch may vary from restric ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Monarchy In New Brunswick
New Brunswick, Monarchy in
Politics of New Brunswick