Molniya (Russian for ''lightning'') may refer to:
*
Molniya (satellite), a Soviet military communications satellite
**
Molniya orbit
*
Molniya (explosive trap), a KGB explosive device
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Molniya (rocket), a variation of the Soyuz launch vehicle
*
OKB-4 Molniya, an experimental design bureau responsible for the Molniya R-60 and Vympel R-73 air-to-air missiles
*
NPO Molniya
NPO Molniya (''lightning'') (russian: Научно-производственное объединение «Молния») is a Russian scientific and production enterprise, founded on February 26, 1976. Currently part of Rostec.
Space system ...
, a Soviet design bureau responsible for the Shuttle Buran programme
*
Molnija, a Russian watch and clockmaker
* Molniya, a project of the
Tarantul class corvette
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