Molla Naima Taleghani (d. 1738), also known as Orfi, was an Iranian

Shia Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali, ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his S ...

philosopher and theologian of the late

Safavid Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...

era.Corbin 1976

Life

His full name was Mohammad Naim ibn Muhammad Taqi, and he was from

Taleqan Taleqan ( fa, طالقان, also Romanized as Ṭâleqân) is a city in the capital of Taleqan County, Alborz Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western A ...

, about 50 km west of Tehran. Known as Molla Naima, he was prominent in the late Safavid era. He lived during the reign of king

Sultan Husayn Soltan Hoseyn ( fa, شاه سلطان حسین, Soltān-Hoseyn; 1668 – 9 September 1727) was the Safavid shah of Iran from 1694 to 1722. He was the son and successor of Shah Solayman (). Born and raised in the royal harem, Soltan Hoseyn ascen ...

(1694-1722), and saw the attack and subsequent ruining of the Safavid capital of

Isfahan Isfahan ( fa, اصفهان, Esfahân ), from its Achaemenid empire, ancient designation ''Aspadana'' and, later, ''Spahan'' in Sassanian Empire, middle Persian, rendered in English as ''Ispahan'', is a major city in the Greater Isfahan Regio ...

by the Afghans, a catastrophic incident in

Iranian history The history of Iran is intertwined with the history of a larger region known as Greater Iran, comprising the area from Anatolia in the west to the borders of Ancient India and the Syr Darya in the east, and from the Caucasus and the Eurasian Step ...

. Molla Naima had to take refuge in

Qom Qom (also spelled as "Ghom", "Ghum", or "Qum") ( fa, قم ) is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. Qom is the capital of Qom Province. It is located to the south of Tehran. At the 2016 census, its popul ...

. Little more is known on the life of Molla Naima.

Education

He was educated under the supervision of notable philosopher

Muhammad Sadiq Ardestani Muhammad Sadiq Ardestani (died 1721) is one of the Iranian peoples, Iranian Shia philosophers during Safavid period. Life Molla Muhammad Sadiq Ardestani, according to Henry Corbin, lived in the catastrophic period namely when Shah Sultan Hossein ru ...

, on whom there is also little information.

Works

*New gloss on ''Tajrid al-'Iteqad'' (a new commentary) *Commentary on ''Usul-Kafi'' *A gloss on '' Al-isharat wa al-tanbihat'' by

Avicenna Ibn Sina ( fa, ابن سینا; 980 – June 1037 CE), commonly known in the West as Avicenna (), was a Persian polymath who is regarded as one of the most significant physicians, astronomers, philosophers, and writers of the Islamic G ...

* ''Jabr va Tafviz'' (Predestination and Delegation) *''Qaedeh al-Vahed'' (The principle of unity) *A treatise on modulation of being * ''Minhaj Al-Roshd''

Notes

References

*''Anthologie des Philosophes Iraniens depuis le xiiie Siécle jusqú'à nos Jours, Tome III, Textes Choisis et Présentés par Sayyed Jalal al-Din Ashtiyani, Introduction Analytique par Henry Corbin'', 1976 {{DEFAULTSORT:Taleghani, Molla Islamic philosophers 1738 deaths 18th-century Iranian philosophers 18th-century writers of Safavid Iran