''Moina'' is a genus of

crustacean Crustaceans (Crustacea, ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as decapods, seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, amphipods and mantis shrimp. The crustacean group ...

s within the family

Moinidae Moinidae is a crustacean family within the order Cladocera. Species within this family are widely occurring, including North America and Africa. In newer classifications, it is sometimes included in the family Daphniidae. Genera These two genera ...

. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as

water fleas The Diplostraca or Cladocera, commonly known as water fleas, are a superorder of small crustaceans that feed on microscopic chunks of organic matter (excluding some predatory forms). Over 1000 species have been recognised so far, with many more ...

, but are related to the much larger ''

Daphnia magna ''Daphnia magna'' is a small planktonic crustacean (adult length 1.5–5.0 mm) that belongs to the subclass Phyllopoda. Description ''D. magna'' is a typical water flea of the genus ''Daphnia''. The females reach up to 5 mm in size, ...

'' and the larger ''

Daphnia pulex ''Daphnia pulex'' is the most common species of water flea. It has a cosmopolitan distribution: the species is found throughout the Americas, Europe, and Australia. It is a model species, and was the first crustacean to have its genome sequenced. ...

''. This genus demonstrates the ability to survive in waters containing low oxygen levels, high

salinity Salinity () is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal ...

, and other

impurities In chemistry and materials science, impurities are chemical substances inside a confined amount of liquid, gas, or solid, which differ from the chemical composition of the material or compound. Firstly, a pure chemical should appear thermodynam ...

, including salt pans, and commonly

eutrophication Eutrophication is the process by which an entire body of water, or parts of it, becomes progressively enriched with minerals and nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus. It has also been defined as "nutrient-induced increase in phytopla ...

. An example of such an extreme habitat is the highly saline

Makgadikgadi Pans The Makgadikgadi Pan (Tswana pronunciation ), a salt pan situated in the middle of the dry savanna of north-eastern Botswana, is one of the largest salt flats in the world. The pan is all that remains of the formerly enormous Lake Makgadikg ...

Botswana Botswana (, ), officially the Republic of Botswana ( tn, Lefatshe la Botswana, label=Setswana, ), is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. Botswana is topographically flat, with approximately 70 percent of its territory being the Kalahar ...

, which supports prolific numbers of ''

Moina belli ''Moina belli'' is a species of crustaceans within the family Moinidae, described by Robert Gurney in 1904. This species lives in waters containing high salinity and other impurities, such as the Makgadikgadi Pans region of Botswana Bots ...

''. The ''Moina'' are known to be found in various types of bodies of water in Eurasia where new found research indicates that there is an increased presence of biodiversity in regions of Northern Eurasia, Japan and China. There is an increase of new phylogroups found in Northern Eurasia, an increase of 4 new ''Moina'' species in Japan and an increase of five new lineages in China.

Species

''Moina'' contains these species: * '' Moina affinis'' Birge, 1893 * ''

Moina australiensis ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' G.O. Sars, 1896 * '' Moina baringoensis'' Jenkin, 1934 * ''

Moina baylyi ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Forró, 1985 * ''

'' Gurney, 1904 * ''

Moina brachiata ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' (Jurine, 1820) (armed waterflea) * ''

Moina brachycephala ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Goulden, 1968 * ''

Moina brevicaudata ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Вär, 1924 * ''

Moina chankensis ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Uénо, 1939 * ''

Moina diksamensis ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Van Damme & Dumont, 2008 * ''

Moina dubia ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Guerne & Richard, 1892 * ''

Moina dumonti ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Kotov et al., 2005 * ''

Moina elliptica ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' (Аrоrа, 1931) * ''

Moina ephemeralis ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Hudec, 1997 * ''

Moina eugeniae ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Olivier, 1954 * ''

Moina flexuosa ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' G.O. Sars, 1896 * ''

Moina geei ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Brehm, 1933 * ''

Moina gouldeni ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Mirabdullaev, 1993 * '' Moina hartwigi'' Weltner, 1899 * ''

Moina hutchinsoni ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Brehm, 1937 * ''

Moina juanae ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Brehm, 1948 * ''

Moina kazsabi ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Forró, 1988 * ''

Moina lipini ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Smirnov, 1976 * '' Moina longicollis'' Jurine, 1820 * ''

Moina macrocopa ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' (Straus, 1820) (Japanese waterflea) * ''

Moina micrura ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Kurz, 1875 * ''

Moina minuta ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. Thi ...

'' Hansen, 1899 * ''

Moina mongolica ''Moina mongolica'' is a species of crustacean belonging to the family Moinidae Moinidae is a crustacean family within the order Cladocera. Species within this family are widely occurring, including North America and Africa. In newer classific ...

'' Daday, 1901 * ''

Moina mukhamedievi ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Mirabdullaev, 1998 * '' Moina oryzae'' Hudec, 1987 * ''

Moina pectinata ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Gauthier, 1954 * ''

Moina propinqua ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' G.O. Sars, 1885 * ''

Moina reticulata ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' (Daday, 1905) * '' Moina rostrata'' McNair, 1980 * ''

Moina ruttneri ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Brehm, 1938 * ''

Moina salina ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Daday, 1888 * ''

Moina tenuicornis ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' G.O. Sars, 1896 * ''

Moina weismanni ''Moina'' is a genus of crustaceans within the family Moinidae. The genus was first described by W. Baird in 1850. They are referred to as water fleas, but are related to the much larger ''Daphnia magna'' and the larger ''Daphnia pulex''. This ...

'' Ishikawa, 1896 * '' Moina wierzejskii'' Richard, 1895

References

Cladocera Branchiopoda genera {{Branchiopoda-stub