Mohawk (steamboat)

''Inland Flyer'' was a passenger steamboat that ran on Puget Sound from 1898 to 1916. From 1910 to 1916 this vessel was known as the ''Mohawk''. The vessel is notable as the first steamer on Puget Sound to use oil fuel. ''Inland Flyer'' was one of the most famous vessels of the time on Puget Sound.

Design and construction

''Inland Flyer'' was built in 1898 at Portland, Oregon, and was originally intended to run between Portland, Astoria, and The Dalles.Newell, ed., ''H.W. McCurdy Marine History'', at 32, 67, 76, 87, 100, 110, 145, 175, 268, and 270. Capt. John Anderson, who later became closely linked with steamboat operations on Lake Washington, discovered ''Inland Flyer'' engineless and still under construction at the shipyard of Joseph Supple in Portland, and recommended her purchase to Joshua Green.

Anderson bought the hull, and sold it to Green and his associates who were doing business as La Conner Trading and Transportation Company. Anderson then installed the engines and the upper works himself in Portland, and brought the ship himself down the Columbia River and around the Olympic peninsula.

Conversion to oil burner

On May 21, 1904 plans were announced in the press to convert ''Inland Flyer'' and ''Athlon'' from coal to oil fuel. The decision was reached after officials of the Puget Sound Navigation Company, including its president, Charles Peabody, had taken a test trip on the Northern Commercial Company's sidewheeler ''Sadie'', which was intended for use in Alaska and had been fitted with oil fuel tanks and burned oil rather than wood or coal. Oil was thought to be both cleaner and as cheap or cheaper than coal. The conversion was planned to be complete in thirty days.''Port Townsend Daily Leader'', “Sound Steamers will Substitute Oil for Coal” May 21, 1904, page 1, col.4
/ref> ''Inland Flyer'' thus became the first steam vessel on Puget Sound to use oil fuel, rather than wood or coal, and was the first steamer operating on Puget Sound to use oil fuel.Kline and Bayless, ''Ferryboats – A Legend on Puget Sound'', at 39, 41. 84, 102, 145-46, 160, 167, and 199.

Operations

In 1901, La Conner Trading reached a joint operating agreement with H.B. Kennedy to run their steamers in alliance on the profitable Seattle-Bremerton route, which they called the Port Orchard Route. In 1902 ''Inland Flyer'' was on the Seattle – Port Orchard route, running with the ''Athlon'', which was owned by H.B. Kennedy. There was a brief period of competition on this route in 1902 when the ''Manette'', a boat owned by Tacoma interests, with businessman Fred H. Marvin acting as agent, was placed on the route. ''Manette'' was soon transferred to the Seattle – Alki run, and the competition ended.

In 1903 ''Inland Flyer'' came under the control of the Puget Sound Navigation Company when that company merged with La Conner Trading. Capt. Peter Falk (d.1924) one of the major shareholders of Puget Sound Navigation Co. served as one of masters of the ''Inland Flyer''. Another captain was the veteran steamboat man William Mitchell (b. 1879). On May 23, 1903, ''Inland Flyer'' was among the steamboats that greeted President Theodore Roosevelt when he toured the Seattle and the Bremerton naval yard.Faber, ''Steamer's Wake'', at 121-122. In 1907 ''Inland Flyer'' was placed on the run from Seattle to Bremerton.

By 1904, La Conner Trading, by then a subsidiary of PSN, was operating jointly with H.B. Kennedy as the Navy Yard Route on the Seattle – Bremerton run. Disposing of three vessels, including ''Inland Flyer'', ''Athlon'', and the sternwheeler ''Port Orchard'', the Navy Yard route ran six sailings a day from Seattle's Pier 2 to and from Bremerton.

Rate wars

In 1905, the Puget Sound Navigation Company was engaged in a rate war on the Hood Canal route. There were only two steamers at that time that ran on Hood Canal, one was the ''Perdita'', operated by Capt. W.W. McKenzie, and the other was PSN's ''Garland''. PSN arranged to have McKenzie and ''Perdita'' bought off with an anti-competitive subsidy agreement, but this did not last, and McKenzie and ''Perdita'' were soon back on Hood Canal, driving down rates on ''Garland'' from $2.00 to 50 cents ton, with passengers carried from Seattle to any landing on the canal for 25 cents. In addition, PSN was forced to put the ''Inland Flyer'' on the Hood Canal route. Considered a speedy vessel, ''Inland Flyer'', together with ''Garland'' brought the best steamboat service ever effected on Hood Canal. However, by the end of 1905, PSN resolved the problem of competition from ''Perdita'' by purchasing the rival vessel.

The first decade of the 1900s was probably the high point of steamboat operations in Puget Sound. The vessels would never been as profitable as they were then. During 1907, when the Puget Sound Navigation Company was involved in a rate war with the Kitsap County Transportation Company, ''Inland Flyer'' was shifted to the Seattle – Poulsbo route as part of the business maneuvers in the competition. Greene, who was by then a millionaire, and owned more steamboats than any other person on Puget Sound, was criticized in at least one newspaper for his supposed ruthlessness in dealing with Warren L. Gazzam, the chief of the Kitsap County Transportation Co.

In 1908, the Port Blakely Mill Company decided to run its steamer ''Monticello 2'' in competition with the Navy Yard Route's steamers, including ''Inland Flyer''. On July 9, 1909, at the wreck of the ''Yosemite'', ''Inland Flyer'' stood by with other vessels to assist, helping make sure there was no loss of life when the big excursion sidewheeler went on the rocks near Bremerton.Newell, ''Ships of the Inland Sea'', at 91, 136, 145, and 159. In 1910 the Navy Yard Route sold ''Inland Flyer'' to Capt. F.G. Reeve, who was doing business as the Port Washington Route. He renamed the vessel ''Mohawk''.

Disposition

Wooden steamboats had a useful life of about 20 years, although their components could be reused, sometimes for much longer. In 1916, ''Mohawk'' (ex ''Inland Flyer'') was dismantled. The engine was placed in a new vessel, the steamer ''F.G. Reeve'', with the hull going to Neah Bay to serve as a fish-receiving barge.

Notes

References

* Faber, Jim, ''Steamer's Wake'', Enetai Press, Seattle WA (1985)
* Kline, M.S., and Bayless, G.A., ''Ferryboats -- A legend on Puget Sound'', Bayless Books, Seattle, WA 1983
* Newell, Gordon R., ed., ''H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest'', Superior Publishing Co., Seattle, WA (1966)
* Newell, Gordon R., ''Ships of the Inland Sea'', Superior Publishing Co., Seattle, WA (2nd Ed. 1960)

''Port Townsend Daily Leader'', “Sound Steamers will Substitute Oil for Coal” May 21, 1904, page 1, col.4

U.S. Dept. of the Treasury, Bureau of Statistics, ''Annual List of Merchant Vessels of the United States'' (for year ending June 30, 1909)

External links

William A. Hester photograph of ''Inland Flyer'', circa 1900

{{Mosquito Fleet

1898 ships
Steamboats of Washington (state)
Propeller-driven steamboats of Washington (state)
Ships built in Portland, Oregon
Ships built by Joseph Supple