Mohammad Aghazadeh Khorasani ( fa, محمد آقازاده خراسانی; born 1877 in

Najaf Najaf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف) or An-Najaf al-Ashraf ( ar, ٱلنَّجَف ٱلْأَشْرَف), also known as Baniqia ( ar, بَانِيقِيَا), is a city in central Iraq about 160 km (100 mi) south of Baghdad. Its estimated popula ...

, Iran) was a

Shia Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, mo ...

cleric from

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

, known for his scientific work published under pseudonyms such as Ayatollah Aghazadeh, Ayatollah Aghazadeh Najafi, or Ayatollah Aghazadeh Khorasani.

Biography

At 30 years old, he attended master classes in the holy city of

and, later, at the order of his father, moved to Mashhad. He lived in

for several years, where he studied among religious scholars, including

Mohammad-Kazem Khorasani Ayatullah Sheikh Muhammad Kazim Khurasani ( fa, ; 1839 – 12 December 1911), commonly known as Akhund Khurasani ( fa, ) was a Shia jurist and political activist. He is known for using his position as a Marja as legitimizing force behind the ...

. He then moved back to Mashhad to teach

jurisprudence Jurisprudence, or legal theory, is the theoretical study of the propriety of law. Scholars of jurisprudence seek to explain the nature of law in its most general form and they also seek to achieve a deeper understanding of legal reasoning a ...

. The most notable of his students were Mojtaba Qazvin, his brother Sheikh Hashem Qazvin, and Hadi Kadkani. During the years he lived in Mashhad, in addition to political activities, teaching, and training students in his field, Khoransi was the head of the Khorasan Seminary.

Political activity

Some of his activities: * Opposition to the reign of

Reza Shah , , spouse = Maryam Savadkoohi Tadj ol-Molouk Ayromlu (queen consort) Turan Amirsoleimani Esmat Dowlatshahi , issue = Princess Hamdamsaltaneh Princess Shams Mohammad Reza Shah Princess Ashraf Prince Ali Reza Prince Gholam Reza P ...

* Supporting the

ulama In Islam, the ''ulama'' (; ar, علماء ', singular ', "scholar", literally "the learned ones", also spelled ''ulema''; feminine: ''alimah'' ingularand ''aalimath'' lural are the guardians, transmitters, and interpreters of religious ...

s' opposition to the regime and its policies * Criticizing the government for borrowing from foreign governments * Dealing with the Democratic Party of Mashhad * Involved with the

Goharshad Mosque Goharshad Mosque ( fa, مسجد گوهرشاد) is a grand congregational mosque built during the Timurid period in Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, which now serves as one of the prayer halls within the Imam Reza shrine complex. Hi ...

uprising that led to Reza Shah's exile in

Yazd Yazd ( fa, یزد ), formerly also known as Yezd, is the capital of Yazd Province, Iran. The city is located southeast of Isfahan. At the 2016 census, the population was 1,138,533. Since 2017, the historical city of Yazd is recognized as a Wor ...

He was sentenced to death by a military court for the compulsory residence in

Tehran Tehran (; fa, تهران ) is the largest city in Tehran Province and the capital of Iran. With a population of around 9 million in the city and around 16 million in the larger metropolitan area of Greater Tehran, Tehran is the most popul ...

and provoking protests among Iraqi Scholars.

Death

Khorasani died in 1937 in Rey, Iran, and his body was buried in the

Shah-Abdol-Azim shrine The Shāh Abdol-Azīm Shrine ( fa, شاه عبدالعظیم), also known as Shabdolazim, located in Rey, Iran, contains the tomb of ‘Abdul ‘Adhīm ibn ‘Abdillāh al-Hasanī (aka Shah Abdol Azim). Shah Abdol Azim was a fifth generation des ...

in the garden of Parrot.

References

{{Reflist People from Najaf 1877 births 1937 deaths Pupils of Muhammad Kadhim Khorasani

Biography

Political activity

Death

See also

References