Moghrar ( ar, مغرار) is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

Naâma Province Naâma Province ( ar, ولاية النعامة) is a province (''wilaya'') of Algeria named after its provincial seat, the town of Naâma. The region is dominated by a large sabkha. There is an airport in Mécheria. History The province was ...

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

. It is the district seat the Moghrar District and has a population of 2,796, which gives it 11 seats in the PMA. Its municipal code is 4506 Two distinct oases are to be considered: Moghrar Foukani or higher Moghrar, on the Algerian National Highway number 6, the chief town; and Moghrar Tahtani or lower Moghrar located 15 km northeast of the first locality.

Postal codes

It has several postal codes for its various

boroughs A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term ''borough'' designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely. History In the Middle Ag ...

: *Moghrar: 45230 *Moghrar Fougani (Upper Moghrar): 45231 *Moghrar Tahtani (Lower Moghrar): 45232

Geography

Moghrar is located in the

Ksour Range The Ksour Range or Kçour Range ( ar, جبال القصور, french: Monts des Ksour or ''Djebel Ksour'') is a mountain range in Algeria. Stretching across the provinces of Béchar and El Bayadh, it is the westernmost range of the Saharan Atlas, w ...

, western part of the

Saharan Atlas Saharan may refer to: * Someone or something from the Sahara desert * Sahrawi people (also spelled Saharawi), the indigenous people of Western Sahara * Saharan languages The Saharan languages are a small family of languages across parts of the ea ...

on the western borders of Algeria, near the Moroccan border. Moghrar is limited to the north by Djebel Cheracher; to the east by Djebel Boulerhad and to the south-east by Djebel El Haïmeur, and by Djebel Touzamet the limit to the south. The Moghrar valley has a large drainage basin draining the entire region of

Ain Sefra Ain (, ; frp, En) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Eastern France. Named after the Ain river, it is bordered by the Saône and Rhône rivers. Ain is located on the country's eastern edge, on the Swiss border, where it ...

. It has a dry Saharan climate (about 100 mm / year ) with a cold winter and winds that blow frequently from south-west to north-west. is in winter and spring. The vegetation surrounding the palm grove is a

steppe In physical geography, a steppe () is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes. Steppe biomes may include: * the montane grasslands and shrublands biome * the temperate grasslands, ...

Oases of Moghrar

The oases Moghrar Foukani and Moghrar Tahtani are characterized by

reg Reg or REG may refer to: * Reginald (disambiguation) * Reg or desert pavement * Raising for Effective Giving, a charity * Random event generator (parapsychology) * Raptor Education Group * Regal Entertainment Group * Regular language * .reg MS Wi ...

hamada A hamada ( ar, حمادة, ) is a type of desert landscape consisting of high, largely barren, hard rocky plateaus, where most of the sand has been removed by deflation. The majority of the Sahara is in fact hamada. Other examples are Negev dese ...

s and

wadi Wadi ( ar, وَادِي, wādī), alternatively ''wād'' ( ar, وَاد), North African Arabic Oued, is the Arabic term traditionally referring to a valley. In some instances, it may refer to a wet (ephemeral) riverbed that contains water onl ...

s more or less dry. The two oases have more than sixty wells for the irrigation of the gardens of the palm grove. In addition, there is also the exploitation of the traditional system of

foggara A qanat or kārīz is a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct; the system originated approximately 3,000 BC in what is now Iran. The function is essentially the same across ...

s sources (or foggara of Al Ain in

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C ...

) allowing a rational use of water. The foggaras are still functional and there are two of them.

Oued Moghrar

Oued Moghrar flows south and joins Oued Rhoubia which extends south to form Oued Namous with another tributary

Oued Smar Oued Smar is a suburb of the city of Algiers in northern Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coo ...

with many smaller wadis that arrive from the southern foothills of the

History

Man has been living in the area for a long time. There is a rock station at Moghrar Tahtani. The ksar of this same city was the fief of an illustrious resistant to the French penetration in Algeria, Cheikh Bouamama.

Flora and fauna

The flora is represented by the varieties of

date palms ''Phoenix dactylifera'', commonly known as date or date palm, is a flowering plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit called dates. The species is widely cultivated across northern Africa, the Middle Eas ...

Feggous and Aghrass, well preserved here while they have practically disappeared elsewhere. These varieties have the ability to be naturally preserved, exposed to the open air for a year. We also note the presence of the following species:

Hammada Scoparia ''Haloxylon scoparium'' (syns. ''Arthrophytum scoparium'' and ''Hammada scoparia'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference t ...

, Retama raetum,

Ephedra alata ''Ephedra alata'' is a species of ''Ephedra''. These plants are perennial and xerophytic gymnosperm shrubs. Description ''Ephedra alata'' is a small terrestrial shrub or Chamaephyte. It is found primarily in dry desert environments. It is a d ...

Samolus valerandi ''Samolus valerandi'' is a species of flowering plant in the primrose family Primulaceae. Common names include seaside brookweed, brookweed, thin-leaf brookweed, water cabbage, and water rose. Description It is a small perennial, growing to arou ...

and, at the edge of seguias or irrigation ditches, Adiantum capillus veneris. As for the fauna, it is a refuge zone for

gazelles A gazelle is one of many antelope species in the genus ''Gazella'' . This article also deals with the seven species included in two further genera, ''Eudorcas'' and ''Nanger'', which were formerly considered subgenera of ''Gazella''. A third ...

and outardes houbaras. Among the ornithological species that characterize theregion, we find: the Red crossbill

Loxia curvirostra The red crossbill or common crossbill (''Loxia curvirostra'') is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. Crossbills have distinctive mandibles, crossed at the tips, which enable them to extract seeds from conifer cones and other ...

, the Common wood pigeon

Columba palumbus The common wood pigeon or common woodpigeon (''Columba palumbus''), also known as simply wood pigeon, wood-pigeon or woodpigeon, is a large species in the dove and pigeon Family (biology), family (Columbidae), native to the western Palearctic re ...

, the Blue rock thrush

Monticola solitarius The blue rock thrush (''Monticola solitarius'') is a species of chat. This thrush-like Old World flycatcher was formerly placed in the family Turdidae. It breeds in southern Europe, northwest Africa, and from Central Asia to northern China and M ...

, the Bee-eater

Merops apiaster The European bee-eater (''Merops apiaster'') is a near passerine bird in the bee-eater family, Meropidae. It breeds in southern and central Europe, northern and southern Africa, and western Asia. Except for the resident southern African populati ...

, the Hoopoe

Upupa epops The Eurasian hoopoe (''Upupa epops'') is the most widespread species of the genus ''Upupa''. It is a distinctive cinnamon coloured bird with black and white wings, a tall erectile crest, a broad white band across a black tail, and a long narrow ...

, the Short-toed snake eagle

Circaetus gallicus The short-toed snake eagle (''Circaetus gallicus''), also known as the short-toed eagle, is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal Bird of prey, raptors such as kite (bird), kites, buzzards ...

, the Bonelli's Eagle Hieraêtus fasciatus, the Bearded vulture Cypaetus barbatus, and the Partridge Alectoris spatzi. The migratory species are

Woodchat shrike The woodchat shrike (''Lanius senator'') is a member of the shrike family Laniidae. It can be identified by its red-brown crown and nape. It is mainly insectivorous and favours open wooded areas with scattered trees such as orchards, particularl ...

(Lanius senator),

Orphean warbler Orphean warbler is the name of: *Eastern Orphean warbler ''Sylvia crassirostris'' *Western Orphean warbler ''Sylvia hortensis'' Birds by common name {{Short pages monitor