The razor-billed curassow (''Mitu tuberosum'') is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, the chachalacas, guans, and

curassow Curassows are one of the three major groups of cracid birds. They comprise the largest-bodied species of the cracid family. Three of the four genera are restricted to tropical South America; a single species of ''Crax'' ranges north to Mexico. ...

s. It is found in

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

, Brazil,

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

, and Peru.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. Species Lists of Birds for South American Countries and Territories. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm retrieved August 24, 2021

Taxonomy and systematics

The razor-billed curassow was originally placed in genus ''Crax'' but genetic data confirm that ''Mitu'' is a valid genus. It was for a time treated as a

subspecies In biological classification, subspecies is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (morphology), but that can successfully interbreed. Not all species ...

of Alagoas curassow (''Mitu mitu'') and they are now treated as sister species.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved 24 August 2021 The razor-billed curassow is monotypic.

Description

The razor-billed curassow is long and males weigh about . Their plumage is mostly black with a strong purplish blue gloss. The lower belly and undertail coverts are chestnut and the tips of the tail feathers white. It has a tall ragged crest. Its large bright red bill is laterally compressed, which gives the species its common name.Udoye, K. C. and T. S. Schulenberg (2020). Razor-billed Curassow (''Mitu tuberosum''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.rabcur2.01 retrieved October 2, 2021

Distribution and habitat

The razor-billed curassow is found in much of

Amazonia The Amazon rainforest, Amazon jungle or ; es, Selva amazónica, , or usually ; french: Forêt amazonienne; nl, Amazoneregenwoud. In English, the names are sometimes capitalized further, as Amazon Rainforest, Amazon Forest, or Amazon Jungle. ...

, mostly south of the Amazon River in eastern Peru, northern Bolivia, and northern Brazil all the way to the Atlantic coast. It is found north of the Amazon in southeastern Colombia, extreme northeastern Peru, and Brazil as far east as the Rio Negro. It inhabits lowland evergreen forest, primarily ''

terra firme Terra may often refer to: * Terra (mythology), primeval Roman goddess * An alternate name for planet Earth, as well as the Latin name for the planet Terra may also refer to: Geography Astronomy * Terra (satellite), a multi-national NASA scienti ...

'' but also gallery and '' várzea'' forests and along the margins of lakes and streams. In elevation it ranges from sea level to though it may only locally exceed .

Behavior

Feeding

The razor-billed curassow typically forages alone or in pairs on the forest floor. Its diet is mostly fallen fruits and also includes leaves, insects, fungi, and small vertebrates.

Breeding

The razor-billed curassow is occasionally

polygynous Polygyny (; from Neoclassical Greek πολυγυνία (); ) is the most common and accepted form of polygamy around the world, entailing the marriage of a man with several women. Incidence Polygyny is more widespread in Africa than in any ...

and might be regularly so. In northern Peru at least, its nesting season spans from November to February. One nest was described as "a perfect round cup" of branches, lianas, and leaves. The clutch size is two or three eggs.

Vocalization

The razor-billed curassow's song is " "a series of deep booming notes, the first 3 rising, the last 2 even at a slightly higher pitch: ''BMMM mmMMM... mmMMM'BMMM-BMMM'', sometimes followed after pause by sharp ''BMM!''." It is sung from a perch at any time of day but most frequently before and at dawn and during the breeding season. Its calls include "rising whistles and popping notes" and "soft ''pweet'' calls".

Status

The

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

has assessed the razor-billed curassow as being of Least Concern. It has a very large range. However, its population has not been quantified and is believed to be declining, primarily because of heavy hunting pressure.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q367031

razor-billed curassow The razor-billed curassow (''Mitu tuberosum'') is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, ...

Birds of the Amazon Basin

Taxonomy articles created by Polbot