Minuscule 994 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A²²⁷ C^ι33 ( von Soden), is a 10th or 11th-century

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

minuscule Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printing, printed or repr ...

of the

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

on parchment. The manuscript has not survived in complete condition. It has some

marginalia Marginalia (or apostils) are marks made in the margins of a book or other document. They may be scribbles, comments, glosses (annotations), critiques, doodles, drolleries, or illuminations. Biblical manuscripts Biblical manuscripts have ...

Description

The

codex The codex (plural codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. Instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. The term ''codex'' is often used for ancient manuscript books, with ...

contains the text of the

Gospel of Matthew The Gospel of Matthew), or simply Matthew. It is most commonly abbreviated as "Matt." is the first book of the New Testament of the Bible and one of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells how Israel's Messiah, Jesus, comes to his people and for ...

(folios 1-130) and the

Gospel of John The Gospel of John ( grc, Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Ἰωάννην, translit=Euangélion katà Iōánnēn) is the fourth of the four canonical gospels. It contains a highly schematic account of the ministry of Jesus, with seven "sig ...

(folios 131-246), with a commentary, on 246 parchment leaves (size ), with some lacunae in Matthew 1:1-2:19; John 21:23-25. Some leaves added in on paper are in a later hand. The text is written in one column per page, 36 lines per page. The handwriting is close to the

half-uncial Uncial is a majuscule Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall. (1996) ''Encyclopedia of the Book''. 2nd edn. New Castle, DE, and London: Oak Knoll Press & The British Library, p. 494. script (written entirely in capital letters) commonly used from the 4th t ...

script, as in

Uncial 055 Uncial 055 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 11th century. The codex contains a commentary with incomplete text of the four Gospels, on 303 parchment leaves (26 cm ...

and

Uncial 0141 Uncial 0141 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), CL13 ( Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 10th century. Description The codex contains a verse-by-verse commentary in minuscule on the Gos ...

. The text is divided according to the small Ammonian Sections, whose numbers are given at the margin, with references to the

Eusebian Canons Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts d ...

(written below Ammonian Section numbers), but it was made by a later hand. The tables of contents (tables of ) are placed before each Gospel.

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fou ...

Kurt Aland Kurt Aland (28 March 1915 – 13 April 1994) was a German theologian and biblical scholar who specialized in New Testament textual criticism. He founded the '' Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung'' (Institute for New Testament Textua ...

placed the Greek text of the codex in Category V. The text of Matthew 16:2b–3 (''Signs of the times'') was omitted by the original scribe, but it was added by a later hand in the margin.

History

C. R. Gregory C. or c. may refer to: * Century, sometimes abbreviated as ''c.'' or ''C.'', a period of 100 years * Cent (currency), abbreviated ''c.'' or ''¢'', a monetary unit that equals of the basic unit of many currencies * Caius or Gaius, abbreviated as ...

dated the manuscript to the 10th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the

INTF The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (german: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its G ...

to the 10th or 11th century. The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Gregory (994^e).

saw it in 1886. Currently it is housed in the

Iviron monastery The Monastery of Iviron ( ka, ქართველთა მონასტერი, tr; el, Μονή Ιβήρων, Monḗ Ivirōn) is an Eastern Orthodox monastery in the monastic community of Mount Athos in northern Greece. History The monas ...

(170 (19)), at

Mount Athos Mount Athos (; el, Ἄθως, ) is a mountain in the distal part of the eponymous Athos peninsula and site of an important centre of Eastern Orthodox monasticism in northeastern Greece. The mountain along with the respective part of the penins ...

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 994 Greek New Testament minuscules 10th-century biblical manuscripts Athos manuscripts Iviron Monastery

Description

Text

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links