Minuscule 540 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 439 (in Soden's numbering), is a Greek

minuscule Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing ...

manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. Scrivener labelled it by number 553. It has

marginalia Marginalia (or apostils) are marks made in the margins of a book or other document. They may be scribbles, comments, glosses (annotations), critiques, doodles, drolleries, or illuminations. Biblical manuscripts Biblical manuscripts have ...

. The manuscript has no complex context.

Description

The codex contains the text of the

Gospel of Mark The Gospel of Mark), or simply Mark (which is also its most common form of abbreviation). is the second of the four canonical gospels and of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells of the ministry of Jesus from his baptism by John the Baptist to h ...

, on 27 parchment leaves (size ), with some lacunae (3:21-4:13; 4:37-7:29; 8:15-27; 9:9-10:5; 10:29-12:32). It is written in one column per page, 17-21 lines per page. According to Scrivener it is neatly written. The original codex consist 48 leaves. The error of itacism is rare (20 occurrences); it has iota subscriptum; error of

homoioteleuton Homeoteleuton, also spelled homoeoteleuton and homoioteleuton (from the Greek ,Silva Rhetoricae (2006)Rhetorical Figures for Shakespeare and the Scriptures/ref> ''homoioteleuton'', "like ending"), is the repetition of endings in words. Homeoteleuto ...

is found only in Mark 9:38;

N εφελκυστικον In ancient Greek grammar, movable nu, movable N or ephelcystic nu ( grc, νῦ ἐφελκυστικόν ''nû ephelkustikón'', literally "nu dragged onto" or "attracted to") is a letter nu (written ; the Greek equivalent of the letter ''n'') pl ...

occurs 25 times, mostly with ειπεν.Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener, ''Adversaria critica sacra'' (Cambridge, 1893), p. XLVI. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, with their (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections, with references to the Eusebian Canons (written below Ammonian Section numbers).

Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine. Aland placed it in Category V. Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts

History

C. R. Gregory C. or c. may refer to: * Century, sometimes abbreviated as ''c.'' or ''C.'', a period of 100 years * Cent (currency), abbreviated ''c.'' or ''¢'', a monetary unit that equals of the basic unit of many currencies * Caius or Gaius, abbreviated as ...

dated the manuscript to the 14th century. Currently it is dated by the

INTF The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (german: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its G ...

to the 14th century. In 1864 the manuscript was purchased from a dealer at

Janina Ioannina ( el, Ιωάννινα ' ), often called Yannena ( ' ) within Greece, is the capital and largest city of the Ioannina regional unit and of Epirus, an administrative region in north-western Greece. According to the 2011 census, the c ...

in Epeiros, by

Baroness Burdett-Coutts Baron is a rank of nobility or title of honour, often hereditary, in various European countries, either current or historical. The female equivalent is baroness. Typically, the title denotes an aristocrat who ranks higher than a lord or knig ...

(1814–1906), a philanthropist, together with other Greek manuscripts (among them codices

532 __NOTOC__ Year 532 ( DXXXII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Second year after the Consulship of Lampadius and Probus (or, less frequently, ye ...

546 __NOTOC__ Year 546 ( DXLVI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 546 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era b ...

). They were transported to England in 1870-1871. The manuscript was presented by Burdett-Coutts to Sir Roger Cholmely's School, and was housed at the Highgate (Burdett-Coutts II. 26. 1), in London. It was examined and collated by Scrivener in his '' Adversaria critica sacra'' (as ''m'').F. H. A. Scrivener, ''Adversaria critica sacra'' (Cambridge, 1893). It was added to the list of the New Testament manuscripts by F. H. A. Scrivener (553) and

(540). Gregory saw it in 1883. It is currently housed at the University of Michigan (Ms. Inv. No. 23a) in

Ann Arbor Anne, alternatively spelled Ann, is a form of the Latin female given name Anna (name), Anna. This in turn is a representation of the Hebrew Hannah (given name), Hannah, which means 'favour' or 'grace'. Related names include Annie (given name), ...

References

External links

Images of the minuscule 540
at the CSNTM {{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0540 Greek New Testament minuscules 14th-century biblical manuscripts University of Michigan

Description

Text

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links