Minuscule 45 (in the
Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 442 (
Von Soden),
is a
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
minuscule
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (or more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (or more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing ...
manuscript
A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced in ...
of the
New Testament
The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Chri ...
, on parchment leaves.
Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has complex contents and full
marginalia.
Description
The codex contains the text of the four Gospels on 398 leaves (size ) with only one
lacunae (Mark 2:5-15). The text is written in one column per page, 19-21 lines per page in very neat minuscule letters.
[K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", '']Walter de Gruyter
Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter (), is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.
History
The roots of the company go back to 1749 when Frederick the Great granted the Königliche Realschule in Be ...
'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 49. The initial letters in gold or red.
The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, with occasional (''titles'') at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Matthew 355, Mark 233 – 16:8; Luke 342, John 230 sections), with references to the
Eusebian Canons
Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts d ...
.
[
The codex contains the Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning, tables of the (''tables of contents'') precede each Gospel, lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, numbers of in the ]Gospel of Luke
The Gospel of Luke), or simply Luke (which is also its most common form of abbreviation). tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ. Together with the Acts of the Apostles, it makes up a two-vol ...
, and pictures.[
]
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fo ...
. Hermann von Soden included it to the textual family Kx.[ Kurt and Barbara Aland placed it in Category V.]
According to the Claremont Profile Method
The Claremont Profile Method is a method for classifying ancient manuscripts of the Bible. It was elaborated by Ernest Cadman Colwell and his students. Professor Frederik Wisse attempted to establish an accurate and rapid procedure for the classi ...
it represents the textual family Kx in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made.
History
The manuscript was dated by Gregory to the 14th century. Currently it has been assigned by the INTF to the 13th century.
The codex was brought from Athos
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* Athos (character), one of the title characters in the novel ''The Three Musketeers'' (1844) by Alexandre Dumas père
* Athos (mythology), one of the Gigantes in Greek mythology
* Athos Fadiga ...
to England by César de Missy Cesar, César or Cèsar may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media
* ''César'' (film), a 1936 film directed by Marcel Pagnol
* ''César'' (play), a play by Marcel Pagnolt
* César Award, a French film award
Places
* Cesar, Portugal
* Ces ...
(1703-1775), French chaplain of George III
George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 173829 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and of Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two kingdoms on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Br ...
, King of England, who spent his life in collecting materials for an edition of the New Testament. It was examined by Mill
Mill may refer to:
Science and technology
*
* Mill (grinding)
* Milling (machining)
* Millwork
* Textile mill
* Steel mill, a factory for the manufacture of steel
* List of types of mill
* Mill, the arithmetic unit of the Analytical Engine early ...
(Bodl. 1), Griesbach, and Wetstein in 1746.[
It was added to the list of the New Testament manuscripts by ]Wettstein Wettstein is a Swiss surname. Bearers of the name include:
* Carla Wettstein (born 1946), Swiss and Australian chess master
*Fritz von Wettstein (1895–1945), Austrian botanist
*Johann Jakob Wettstein (1693–1754), Swiss theologian
* Johann Rudol ...
. C. R. Gregory saw it in 1883.
It is currently housed in at the Bodleian Library (Barocci
Federico Barocci (also written ''Barozzi'')(c. 1535 in Urbino – 1612 in Urbino) was an Italian Renaissance painter and printmaker. His original name was Federico Fiori, and he was nicknamed Il Baroccio. His work was highly esteemed and i ...
31), at Oxford
Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
.
See also
* List of New Testament minuscules
The list of New Testament Minuscules ordered by Gregory-Aland index number is divided into three sections:
* List of New Testament minuscules (1–1000)
* List of New Testament minuscules (1001–2000)
* List of New Testament minuscules (2001– ...
* Biblical manuscript
* Textual criticism
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts or of printed books. Such texts may range in da ...
References
Further reading
* Giancarlo Prato, ''Scritture librarie arcaizzanti della prima età dei Paleologi e loro modelli'' irst published 1979 reprinted in his collected articles, Studi di paleografia greca, Spoleto 1994, pp. 73–114, Tavv. 1-24, at pp. 78, 85, 109 n. 87
External links
MS. Barocci 31
Images available on Digital Bodleian
MS. Barocci 31
In the Bodleian Libraries Catalogue of Medieval Manuscripts
{{DEFAULTSORT:Minuscule 0045
Greek New Testament minuscules
13th-century biblical manuscripts
Bodleian Library collection