The was a division of the eighth century
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
ese government of the
Imperial Court in Kyoto, instituted in the
Asuka period and formalized during the
Heian period. The Ministry was replaced in the
Meiji period.
Overview
The nature of the ministry was modified in response to changing times. The ambit of the ''Gyōbu-shō'' activities encompassed, for example:
* administration and conduct of trials
[Kawakami, citing Ito Hirobumi, ''Commentaries on the Japanese Constitution,'' p. 87 (1889).]
* oversight of the determination of the severity of punishments
* regulation of the imposition of fines, imprisonments, and penal servitude
History
The duties, responsibilities and focus of the ministry evolved over time. The ''
ritsuryō'' system of laws were interpreted and applied by bureaucracies which distinguished punishment (''gyōbushō'') and censorship (''danjodai''). These were merged in 1871 when the was established under the
Constitution of the Empire of Japan.
Hierarchy
The Ministry of Justice brought together a judiciary and penal system management.
Ministry of Justice
Sheffield.
The top ritsuryō officials within this ministry structure were:
* [Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ]
* [Titsingh, ]
*
See also
* Daijō-kan
The , also known as the Great Council of State, was (i) (''Daijō-kan'') the highest organ of Japan's premodern Imperial government under the Ritsuryō legal system during and after the Nara period or (ii) (''Dajō-kan'') the highest organ of Jap ...
Notes
References
* Kawakami, Karl Kiyoshi. (1903). ''The Political Ideas of the Modern Japan.'' Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press
OCLC 466275784 Internet Archive, full text
* Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005)
''Japan Encyclopedia.''
Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
OCLC 48943301
* Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Nihon Odai Ichiran
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
''; ou
''Annales des empereurs du Japon.''
Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland
OCLC 5850691
Government of feudal Japan
Meiji Restoration
Justice
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
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