Mikhail Shaposhnikov
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Mikhail Yevgenyevich Shaposhnikov (born in 1956 in
Sochi Sochi ( rus, Со́чи, p=ˈsotɕɪ, a=Ru-Сочи.ogg) is the largest resort city in Russia. The city is situated on the Sochi River, along the Black Sea in Southern Russia, with a population of 466,078 residents, up to 600,000 residents in ...
,
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
) is a Soviet-born Swiss theoretical physicist and a professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL). He is active in the fields of cosmology and particle physics.


Career

Mikhail Shaposhnikov graduated in physics from
Moscow State University M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU; russian: Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова) is a public research university in Moscow, Russia and the most prestigious ...
in 1979 and obtained a PhD from the
Institute for Nuclear Research Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS, russian: Институт ядерных исследований) is a Russian scientific research center "for further development of the experimental base and fundament ...
of the
Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across t ...
in 1982 after defending his thesis on the topic of
baryon asymmetry In physical cosmology, the baryon asymmetry problem, also known as the matter asymmetry problem or the matter–antimatter asymmetry problem, is the observed imbalance in baryonic matter (the type of matter experienced in everyday life) and antib ...
of the universe in the frame of
grand unified theories A Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is a model in particle physics in which, at high energies, the three gauge interactions of the Standard Model comprising the electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces are merged into a single force. Although this ...
. From 1982 to 1991, he worked as a research scientist at the Theory Division of the
Institute for Nuclear Research Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INR RAS, russian: Институт ядерных исследований) is a Russian scientific research center "for further development of the experimental base and fundament ...
of the
Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across t ...
in
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
. In 1991 he moved to
CERN The European Organization for Nuclear Research, known as CERN (; ; ), is an intergovernmental organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world. Established in 1954, it is based in a northwestern suburb of Gene ...
,
Geneva Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevra ; rm, Genevra is the List of cities in Switzerland, second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zürich) and the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaki ...
, where he worked as a staff member at the Theory Division. In 1998 he was appointed Professor of Theoretical Physics at the
University of Lausanne The University of Lausanne (UNIL; french: links=no, Université de Lausanne) in Lausanne, Switzerland was founded in 1537 as a school of Protestant theology, before being made a university in 1890. The university is the second oldest in Switzer ...
, where he became director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics in 1999. In October 2003 he was named professor at EPFL. In 2011 he gave a talk ''New Physics without New Energy Scale'' at the international symposium on subnuclear physics held in Vatican City.


Research

Together with
Valery Rubakov Valery Anatolyevich Rubakov (russian: Валерий Анатольевич Рубаков, 16 February 1955 – 18 October 2022) was a Russian theoretical physicist. His scientific interests included quantum field theory, elementary particle p ...
, Mikhail Shaposhnikov was recognized for being the first to propose novel models of space-time and gravity using
brane cosmology Brane cosmology refers to several theories in particle physics and cosmology related to string theory, superstring theory and M-theory. Brane and bulk The central idea is that the visible, three-dimensional universe is restricted to a brane i ...
. In 1985, in a seminal work with Vadim Kuzmin and Valery Rubakov, he clarified the conditions under which an explanation of the baryon number violation in the
Standard Model The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (electromagnetism, electromagnetic, weak interaction, weak and strong interactions - excluding gravity) in the universe and classifying a ...
is possible. Mikhail Shaposhnikov leads the laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology (LPPC) at the Institute of Physics of the School of Basic Sciences at EPFL.


Distinctions

Mikhail Shaposhnikov is a recipient of the Andrei Sakharov gold medal awarded by the
Russian Academy of Sciences The Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS; russian: Росси́йская акаде́мия нау́к (РАН) ''Rossíyskaya akadémiya naúk'') consists of the national academy of Russia; a network of scientific research institutes from across t ...
. In 2005, he was awarded with the Markov prize for fundamental physics. In 2008, he received the Humboldt research prize awarded by the
Heidelberg University } Heidelberg University, officially the Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, (german: Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; la, Universitas Ruperto Carola Heidelbergensis) is a public research university in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, ...
. Shaposhnikov received an Advanced Grant from the
European Research Council The European Research Council (ERC) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the European Union (EU). Established by the European Commission in 2007, the ERC is composed of an independent Scientific ...
in 2015 for the research project 'From Fermi to Planck : a bottom up approach'.


Political positions

In February-March 2022, he signed two open letters by Russian scientists condemning the
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. An ...
.An open letter to the Physics Community from physicists of Russian descent
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Selected publications

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References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shaposhnikov, Mikhail Academic staff of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Russian physicists Living people 1956 births People associated with CERN