''Miguxês'' ( or ), also known in
Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...
as ''pita talk'' or ''pita script'' (
pronounced ), is an
Internet slang
Internet slang (also called Internet shorthand, cyber-slang, netspeak, digispeak or chatspeak) is a non-standard or unofficial form of language used by people on the Internet to communicate to one another. An example of Internet slang is "LOL" m ...
of the
Portuguese language
Portuguese ( or, in full, ) is a western Romance language of the Indo-European language family, originating in the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. It is an official language of Portugal, Brazil, Cape Verde, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau and ...
, commonly used by mostly
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
ian teenagers in
Internet
The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, pub ...
and other electronic media, such as messages written in
cell phone
A mobile phone, cellular phone, cell phone, cellphone, handphone, hand phone or pocket phone, sometimes shortened to simply mobile, cell, or just phone, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link whil ...
.
Brief history
Its name derives from , a corruption from , turn a term used for , or "buddy" in Portuguese. This
sociolect
In sociolinguistics, a sociolect is a form of language ( non-standard dialect, restricted register) or a set of lexical items used by a socioeconomic class, profession, an age group, or other social group.
Sociolects involve both passive acquisi ...
of Vernacular
Brazilian Portuguese
Brazilian Portuguese (' ), also Portuguese of Brazil (', ) or South American Portuguese (') is the set of varieties of the Portuguese language native to Brazil and the most influential form of Portuguese worldwide. It is spoken by almost all of ...
brings possible simplifications in the grammatical structures, since the vehicles in which is used are nearly universally colloquial, often space-delimited (such as
SMS message
Short Message/Messaging Service, commonly abbreviated as SMS, is a text messaging service component of most telephone, Internet and mobile device systems. It uses standardized communication protocols that let mobile devices exchange short text ...
s,
instant messenger
Instant messaging (IM) technology is a type of online chat allowing real-time text transmission over the Internet or another computer network. Messages are typically transmitted between two or more parties, when each user inputs text and trigge ...
s or
social network
A social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. The social network perspective provides a set of methods for an ...
s). It also tends to have "simpler" orthography in comparison to standard Portuguese orthography, which leads to the most strong criticism to it ( without its common alternative spellings is associated with the just normal Internet and/or youth slang).
There are identitarian and orthographic differences between the so-called
leet
Leet (or "1337"), also known as eleet or leetspeak, is a system of modified spellings used primarily on the Internet. It often uses character replacements in ways that play on the similarity of their glyphs via reflection or other resemblance. ...
speak, , and — Brazilian Portuguese for
netspeak
Internet slang (also called Internet shorthand, cyber-slang, netspeak, digispeak or chatspeak) is a non-standard or unofficial form of language used by people on the Internet to communicate to one another. An example of Internet slang is "LOL" m ...
, which is by far the one that most closely resembles standard Portuguese —, all common sociolects found in the Portuguese-speaking digital network community, the three latter ones created in it.
Basically, the use of each category depends on the individual choice and the environment in which people are interacting. While in the Internet, in a general manner, there is a handful of a different phenomenon in which users communicate with abbreviations to simplify writing, carries with it an effective intention, that is, to express an infantile language in a conversation between friends, or even satirize this style of communication. In certain subcultures in Brazil, especially in the case of what is called '
emo
Emo is a rock music genre characterized by emotional, often confessional lyrics. It emerged as a style of and hardcore punk from the Washington D.C. hardcore punk scene, where it was known as emotional hardcore or emocore and pioneered b ...
' there, is an item of group identification. So it would not be unusual for someone which opposes such subcultures to also develop a distaste for . Brazilian '
anti-emo' groups usually satirize 'emo' teenagers with use of .
Together with the cited urban tribes, they started to fall out of the mainstream in the early 2010s, so that they have much lower popularity with the following teen generation that did not see its spreading as a frequent Internet meme.
Spelling
Although orthography rules of may vary individually, and also in each region and in different
urban tribe
A subculture is a group of people within a culture that differentiates itself from the parent culture to which it belongs, often maintaining some of its founding principles. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, poli ...
s since it is plain broken Portuguese, there are certain characteristics often commonly found as:
* Replacement of ''s'' and ''c'' for ''x'', simulating the
palatalization
Palatalization may refer to:
*Palatalization (phonetics), the phonetic feature of palatal secondary articulation
*Palatalization (sound change)
Palatalization is a historical-linguistic sound change that results in a palatalized articulation ...
of native Portuguese-speaking children's speech through their language acquisition: ''você'' (Second person singular), (Second person plural) > ''vuxeh'', ''vuxeix'';
* Omission or replacement of
diacritics
A diacritic (also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or accent) is a glyph added to a letter or to a basic glyph. The term derives from the Ancient Greek (, "distinguishing"), from (, "to distinguish"). The word ''diacritic ...
, notably by replacing an acute accent over a vowel with the letter ''h'' after the vowel as in ''é'' ("is") > ''eh'' (to distinguish it from the word ''e'' meaning "and") or ''será'' ("will be") > ''serah''. Or replacing the
tilde
The tilde () or , is a grapheme with several uses. The name of the character came into English from Spanish, which in turn came from the Latin '' titulus'', meaning "title" or "superscription". Its primary use is as a diacritic (accent) in ...
with ''n''/''m'' to indicate nasalization: ''não'' ("no") > ''nawn''/''naum''
* Replacement of ''i'' by ''ee'', influenced by
English language
English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the is ...
orthography: (female kitten, also a slang for pretty girl) > ''gateenha'';
* Replacement of ''o'' and ''e'' by ''u'' and ''i'' respectively, specially in non-tonic syllables: (I want) > ''keru''.
* Replacing the digraph ''qu'' and the letter ''c'' as ''k'' both for brevity and as a form of
sensational spelling
Sensational spelling is the deliberate spelling of a word in a non-standard way for special effect.
Branding
Sensational spellings are common in advertising and product placement. In particular, brand names such as Krispy Kreme Doughnuts (''cri ...
, and deleting the ''u'' of these environments: (who), (wrote) > ''kem'', ''ixkrevew''
Tiopês
Brazilian indie and scene kids use a related Internet sociolect, the (from , which is a corruption of Portuguese , or equivalent to English "like, totally", in ), which mainly uses
ingroup
In sociology and social psychology, an in-group is a social group to which a person self-categorization theory, psychologically identifies as being a member. By contrast, an out-group is a social group with which an individual does not identify. ...
meme
A meme ( ) is an idea, behavior, or style that spreads by means of imitation from person to person within a culture and often carries symbolic meaning representing a particular phenomenon or theme. A meme acts as a unit for carrying cultural i ...
s as well purposeful ridiculous-sounding
misspellings to add humor or irony to the message and bring group identification, much like
teh
''Teh'' is an Internet slang neologism most frequently used as an English article, based on a common typographical error of "''the".'' ''Teh'' has subsequently developed grammatical usages distinct from ''the''. It is not common in spoken or writt ...
of English-derived leetspeak.
[The origin of "tiopês" – memepedia – youPIX, people + pixels]
As it is common for the , there are detractors of , although much less numbered and for different reasons (usually, people which are detractors at the same time of different youth subcultures deemed alienated, including 'emo' teenagers,
scene kids
The scene subculture is a youth subculture that emerged during the early 2000s in the United States from the pre-existing emo subculture. The subculture became popular with adolescents from the mid-2000s to early 2010s. Members of the scene subc ...
and
indie kids
The 21st-century hipster is a subculture (sometimes called hipsterism). Fashion is one of the major markers of hipster identity. Members of the subculture typically do not self-identify as hipsters, and the word ''hipster'' is often used as a pej ...
). is also much less common in the Portuguese-speaking Internet community, and is said to be a phenomenon limited to Brazil.
Example
;
:
;Rough colloquial Portuguese translation of the piece:
:
; English, literal translation of the Portuguese piece:
: You guys, I
ave to tell that Iabsolutely love/adore
Uncyclopedia
Uncyclopedia is a satirical online encyclopedia that parodies Wikipedia. Its logo, a hollow "puzzle potato", parodies Wikipedia's globe puzzle logo, and it styles itself "the content-free encyclopedia", parodying Wikipedia's slogan of "the fre ...
, hahahaha, their
ortuguesearticle on us indie kids is awesome, but I have something to say
o you
O, or o, is the fifteenth letter and the fourth vowel letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''o'' (pronounced ), plu ...
not every parody site is cool, some of them promote controversial things such as
number ofprejudices, and I am reticent of
llthis kind of thing, a good example would be a so-called
Encyclopedia Dramatica
Encyclopedia Dramatica (ED; also spelled Encyclopædia Dramatica) is a satirical online community centered around a wiki that acts as a "troll archive". The site hosts racist material and shock content; as a result it was filtered from Google ...
that in spite of its name, would not be worth of a drama because of its end.
See also
*
SMS language
Short Message Service (SMS) language, textism, or textese is the abbreviated language and slang commonly used in the late 1990s and early 2000s with mobile phone text messaging, and occasionally through Internet-based communication such as ema ...
*
Cyberculture
Internet culture is a culture based on the many way people have used computer networks and their use for communication, entertainment, business, and recreation. Some features of Internet culture include online communities, gaming, and social media ...
*
Internet meme
An Internet meme, commonly known simply as a meme ( ), is an idea, behavior, style, or image that is spread via the Internet, often through social media platforms. What is considered a meme may vary across different communities on the Internet ...
References
''(in Brazilian Portuguese)''
*
*
"O jeito certo de falar errado na internet", ''The right way to misspell on the internet'' - O Estado de S. Paulo, 21/4/2008
{{DEFAULTSORT:Miguxes
Internet slang
Computer-mediated communication
Internet memes
Cant languages