Though small in absolute diversity of

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

, the Hemitheini are nonetheless the largest

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...

s of geometer moths in the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

Geometrinae. Like most Geometrinae, they are small greenish "emerald moths". The tribe was first described by Charles Théophile Bruand d'Uzelle in 1846. In some treatments the Comostolini, Hemistolini, Jodini, Microloxiini, Thalassodini and Thalerini are split off as independent tribes. But they are probably

paraphyletic In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...

among themselves and with respect to the remaining Hemitheini. Consequently, until more information is available they are included in the Hemitheini here. In other systems, the Geometrinae are defined in a more inclusive way; the Hemitheini are then ranked as a

subtribe Subtribe is a taxonomic category ranking which is below the rank of tribe and above genus. The standard suffix for a subtribe is -ina (in animals) or -inae (in plants Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plant ...

Hemitheiti.

Selected genera and species

A few Geometrinae genera are not yet assigned to a tribe with certainty; some of them might belong here too.See references in Savela (2007) * ''

Albinospila ''Albinospila'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' - formerly in ''

Prasinocyma ''Prasinocyma'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' * ''

Anoplosceles ''Anoplosceles'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient ...

'' * ''

Aoshakuna ''Chlorissa'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by James Francis Stephens in 1831. Species * '' Chlorissa albistrigulata'' Warren, 1897 * '' Chlorissa amphitritaria'' (Oberthür, 1879) * '' Chlorissa anadema'' (Prout, 1930) * ...

'' Matsumura, 1925 - often included in ''Chlorissa''; includes ''Nipponogelasma'' * ''

Aporandria ''Aporandria'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae described by Warren in 1894. Its single species, ''Aporandria specularia'', was first described by Achille Guenée in 1857. It is found in Sri Lanka, India, Vietnam, Thailand, the ...

'' * '' Berta'' * ''

Chlorissa ''Chlorissa'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by James Francis Stephens in 1831. Species * '' Chlorissa albistrigulata'' Warren, 1897 * '' Chlorissa amphitritaria'' (Oberthür, 1879) * ''Chlorissa anadema'' (Prout, 1930) * ...

'' Stephens, 1831 * ''

Chloristola ''Chloristola'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae. Its only species, ''Chloristola setosa'', is known from Borneo and Malaysia. The type locality is Gunung Mulu National Park The Gunung Mulu National Park is a national park ...

'' * ''

Chlorochlamys ''Chlorochlamys'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. Species * '' Chlorochlamys appellaria'' Pearsall, 1911 * ''Chlorochlamys chloroleucaria ''Chlorochlamys chloroleucaria'', the blackberry looper, is a moth of the family Geometri ...

'' Hulst, 1896 * ''

Chloropteryx ''Chloropteryx'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' Hulst, 1896 * ''

Culpinia ''Culpinia'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ''g ...

'' Prout, 1912 * ''

Comostola ''Comostola'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Edward Meyrick in 1888. They are found primarily in Asia and Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country c ...

'' Meyrick, 1888 * ''

Dyschloropsis ''Dyschloropsis'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Gre ...

'' Warren, 1895 * ''

Episothalma ''Episothalma'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' * ''

Eretmopus ''Eretmopus'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ' ...

'' * ''

Gelasma ''Maxates'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae first described by Frederic Moore Frederic Moore FZS (13 May 1830 – 10 May 1907) was a British entomologist and illustrator. He produced six volumes of ''Lepidoptera Indica'' and a ...

'' Warren, 1893 * ''

Hemistola ''Hemistola'' is a genus of moth in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek '' ...

'' Warren, 1893 * ''

Hemithea ''Hemithea'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1829. In 1999 there were about 31 species in the genus. Description Palpi reaching just beyond the frons in male, long in female. Anten ...

'' Duponchel, 1829 **

Common emerald The common emerald (''Hemithea aestivaria'') is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species is found throughout the Nearctic and Palearctic regions and the Near East. It is mostly commonly found in the southern half of the British Isles. It was ...

, ''Hemithea aestivaria'' * ''

Hethemia ''Thalera'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1823. Description Palpi minute and hardly reaching beyond the frons. Antennae of male bipectinate (comb like on both sides) usually to apex. Forewings with vei ...

'' Ferguson, 1969 * ''

Idiochlora ''Idiochlora'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. The genus was described by Warren in 1896. Species *''Idiochlora flexicosta'' Warren Sri Lanka *''Idiochlora ussuriana'' (Bremer, 1864) south-eastern Siberia, Japan *''Idiochlora xant ...

'' Warren, 1896 * ''

Jodis ''Jodis'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. Species * '' Jodis albipuncta'' Warren, 1898 * '' Jodis amamiensis'' Inoue, 1982 * '' Jodis api'' Holloway, 1996 * '' Jodis argentilineata'' (Wileman, 1916) * '' Jodis argutaria'' (Walker, ...

'' Hübner, 1823 ** ''

Jodis putata ''Jodis putata'' is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is found in parts of Europe. The length of the forewings is 10–12 mm. The adults fly from late April to mid July in one generation. The green colour of the imago gradually disappe ...

'' * ''

Maxates ''Maxates'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae first described by Frederic Moore in 1887. Description Palpi porrect (extending forward), where the second joint thickly scaled and reaching beyond the frons. Third joint naked. Forewings ...

'' * ''

Mesothea ''Mesothea'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae described by Warren in 1901. Its only species, ''Mesothea incertata'', the day emerald or plain emerald, was first described by Walker in 1863. It is found in North America. The M ...

'' Warren, 1901 * ''

Microloxia ''Microloxia'' is a genus of moths family in the family Geometridae described by Warren in 1893. Species *'' Microloxia chlorissoides'' (Prout, 1912) eastern Asia *'' Microloxia herbaria'' (Hübner, 813 Europe and North Africa *'' Microloxia inde ...

'' Warren, 1893 * ''

Mujiaoshakua ''Mujiaoshakua'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' Inoue, 1955 * ''

Oenospila ''Oenospila'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Charles Swinhoe Colonel Charles Swinhoe (27 August 1838, in CalcuttaAlthough many published sources give 1836, the India Office Records note it as 1838 (), the other year bei ...

'' * ''

Olerospila ''Olerospila'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ' ...

'' * ''

Orothalassodes ''Orothalassodes'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. Members of the genus are found primarily in Southeast Asia. Species * ''Orothalassodes absimilis'' (Warren) * ''Orothalassodes aptifimbria'' (Prout) * ''Orothalassodes curiosa'' ...

'' * ''

Pamphlebia ''Pamphlebia'' is a monotypic moth genus in the family Geometridae described by Warren in 1897. Its only species, ''Pamphlebia rubrolimbraria'', was first described by Achille Guenée in 1857. It is found in Sri Lanka, Borneo, Indonesia, Taiwan ...

'' * ''

Pelagodes ''Pelagodes'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae. Species *''Pelagodes antiquadraria'' (Inoue, 1976) *''Pelagodes aucta'' (Prout, 1912) *''Pelagodes clarifimbria'' (Prout, 1919) *''Pelagodes cochlearis'' Holloway, 1996 *''Pelagodes fl ...

'' * ''

Thalassodes ''Thalassodes'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae first described by Achille Guenée Achille Guenée (sometimes M.A. Guenée; 1 January 1809 – 30 December 1880) was a French lawyer and entomologist. Biography Achille Guenée wa ...

'' * ''

Thalera ''Thalera'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1823. Description Palpi minute and hardly reaching beyond the frons. Antennae of male bipectinate (comb like on both sides) usually to apex. Forewings with vei ...

'' Hübner, 1823 * ''

Xerochlora ''Xerochlora'' is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae The geometer moths are moths belonging to the family Geometridae of the insect order Lepidoptera, the moths and butterflies. Their scientific name derives from the Ancient Greek ...

'' Ferguson, 1969

Footnotes

References

* (2007): Taxonomic changes in the emerald moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae, Geometrinae) of East Asia, with notes on the systematics and phylogeny of Hemitheini. ''

Zootaxa ''Zootaxa'' is a peer-reviewed scientific mega journal for animal taxonomists. It is published by Magnolia Press (Auckland, New Zealand). The journal was established by Zhi-Qiang Zhang in 2001 and new issues are published multiple times a week. ...

'' 1584: 55–68
PDF abstract and first page text
* (2008)

Retrieved 22 July 2008. * (1996): The Moths of Borneo: Family Geometridae, Subfamilies Oenochrominae, Desmobathrinae and Geometrinae. ''Malayan Nature Journal'' 49(3/4): 147-326. * (2007)

Version of 2 February 2007. Retrieved 7 July 2008. Geometrinae {{Geometrinae-stub