The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toulouse (–Saint Bertrand de Comminges–Rieux) ( la, Archidioecesis Tolosana (–Convenarum–Rivensis);
French
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to France
** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents
** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
: ''Archidiocèse de Toulouse (–Saint-Bertrand de Comminges–Rieux-Volvestre)'';
Occitan Occitan may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain.
* Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France.
* Occitan language
Occitan (; o ...
: ''Archidiocèsi de Tolosa (–Sent Bertran de Comenge–Rius (Volvèstre))'') is a
Latin Church
, native_name_lang = la
, image = San Giovanni in Laterano - Rome.jpg
, imagewidth = 250px
, alt = Façade of the Archbasilica of St. John in Lateran
, caption = Archbasilica of Saint Joh ...
ecclesiastical territory or
archdiocese
In church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop.
History
In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided provinces were administratively associate ...
of the
Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
in
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
. The diocese comprises the
Department
Department may refer to:
* Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility
Government and military
*Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...
of
Haute-Garonne
Haute-Garonne (; oc, Nauta Garona, ; en, Upper Garonne) is a department in the Occitanie region of Southwestern France. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country's ...
. Its see is
Toulouse Cathedral
Toulouse Cathedral (french: Cathédrale Saint-Étienne de Toulouse) is a Roman Catholic church located in the city of Toulouse, France. The cathedral is a national monument, and is the seat of the Archbishop of Toulouse.
It has been listed sinc ...
, in the city of
Toulouse
Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and from Par ...
, and the current archbishop is Guy de Kerimel, appointed in 2021 and
translated
Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''transla ...
from the
Diocese of Grenoble
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Grenoble–Vienne-les-Allobroges (Latin: ''Diocesis Gratianopolitana–Viennensis Allobrogum''; French: ''Diocèse de Grenoble–Vienne-les-Allobroges'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church i ...
.
Suffragans
The Archdiocese has 7 suffragan dioceses and archdioceses:
Archdiocese of Albi
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Albi (–Castres–Lavaur) (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Albiensis (–Castrensis–Vauriensis)''; French language, French: ''Archidiocèse d'Albi (–Castres–Lavaur)''), usually referred to simply as the Archdioces ...
,
Archdiocese of Auch
The Archdiocese of Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Auxitana-Condomiensis-Lectoriensis-Lomberiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse d'Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez''), more commonly known as the Archdiocese of Auch, is a Latin Churc ...
,
Diocese of Cahors
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cahors (Latin: ''Dioecesis Cadurcensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Cahors'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France. The diocese comprises the whole of the department of Lot.
In the begi ...
,
Diocese of Montauban
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Montauban (Latin: ''Dioecesis Montis Albani''; French language, French: ''Diocèse de Montauban'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France. The diocese is coextensive with Tarn-et-Garonne ...
,
Diocese of Pamiers
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Pamiers, Couserans, and Mirepoix (Latin: ''Dioecesis Apamiensis, Couseranensis, et Mirapicensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Pamiers, Mirepoix, et Couserans'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church ...
,
Diocese of Rodez,
Diocese of Tarbes-et-Lourdes
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Tarbes et Lourdes (Latin: ''Dioecesis Tarbiensis et Lourdensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Tarbes et Lourdes'') is a Roman Catholic Latin Rite diocese in France. Until 2002 Tarbes was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of ...
.
Jurisdiction
As re-established by the
Concordat of 1802
The Concordat of 1801 was an agreement between Napoleon Bonaparte and Pope Pius VII, signed on 15 July 1801 in Paris. It remained in effect until 1905, except in Alsace-Lorraine, where it remains in force. It sought national reconciliation b ...
, it included the departments of Haute-Garonne and
Ariège, at which time, the archbishop joined to his own the title of Auch, jurisdiction over Auch being given to the
Diocese of Agen
The Diocese of Agen (Latin: ''Dioecesis Agennensis''; French language, French: ''Diocèse d'Agen'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France.
The Diocese of Agen comprises the ''Departments of France, ...
, also the title of Narbonne, an archdiocese over which jurisdiction went by the Concordat to the
Diocese of Carcassonne
The Diocese of Carcassonne and Narbonne (Latin: ''Dioecesis Carcassonensis et Narbonensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Carcassonne et Narbonne'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The diocese c ...
, and the title of Albi, over which, though formerly an archdiocese, jurisdiction went by the Concordat to the
See of Montpellier
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Montpellier (–Lodève–Béziers–Agde–Saint-Pons-de-Thomières) (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Metropolitae Montis Pessulani (–Lotevensis–Biterrensis–Agathensis–Sancti Pontii Thomeriarum)'' ...
. In consequence of the creation of the
Archdiocese of Auch
The Archdiocese of Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Auxitana-Condomiensis-Lectoriensis-Lomberiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse d'Auch-Condom-Lectoure-Lombez''), more commonly known as the Archdiocese of Auch, is a Latin Churc ...
and
Archdiocese of Albi
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Albi (–Castres–Lavaur) (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Albiensis (–Castrensis–Vauriensis)''; French language, French: ''Archidiocèse d'Albi (–Castres–Lavaur)''), usually referred to simply as the Archdioces ...
under the Restoration, the Archbishop of Toulouse only styled himself Archbishop of Toulouse and Narbonne, and when the
Diocese of Pamiers
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Pamiers, Couserans, and Mirepoix (Latin: ''Dioecesis Apamiensis, Couseranensis, et Mirapicensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Pamiers, Mirepoix, et Couserans'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church ...
was created the limits of the Archdiocese were restricted to the Department of Haute-Garonne. As thus marked off by the Bull ''Paternae Caritatis'', July, 1822, the Archdiocese of Toulouse includes almost the whole of the ancient
Diocese of Toulouse
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Toulouse (–Saint Bertrand de Comminges–Rieux) ( la, Archidioecesis Tolosana (–Convenarum–Rivensis); French: ''Archidiocèse de Toulouse (–Saint-Bertrand de Comminges–Rieux-Volvestre)''; Occitan: ''A ...
,
Diocese of Rieux, and
Diocese of Comminges
The former French Catholic diocese of Comminges existed at least from the sixth century, to the French Revolution. The seat of the bishops was at Saint-Bertrand-de-Comminges, now no more than a village, in the modern department of Haute-Garonne in ...
, and a few small portions of the ancient
Diocese of Montauban
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Montauban (Latin: ''Dioecesis Montis Albani''; French language, French: ''Diocèse de Montauban'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France. The diocese is coextensive with Tarn-et-Garonne ...
,
Diocese of Lavaur
The bishopric of Lavaur ( Tarn, France) (in Latin: ''dioecesis Vaurensis'') was founded by Pope John XXII in his plan to reorganize the sprawling diocese of Toulouse. The town is situated some fifteen miles to the east of Toulouse. Lavaur had ...
,
Diocese of St-Papoul,
Diocese of Mirepoix
The former Catholic diocese of Mirepoix, in south-west France, was created in 1317 by Pope John XXII from the diocese of Pamiers. It existed until the French Revolution, and was suffragan of the Archbishop of Toulouse. Its see was Mirepoix, Ariè ...
, and
Diocese of Lombez
The former Roman Catholic Diocese of Lombez (or Lombès) existed, with see at Lombez in the present department of Gers in Gascony, from 1317 to the Napoleonic reshuffle after the French Revolution.
History
* Tradition holds the region around An ...
.
History
Toulouse, chief town of the
Tectosagi
The Volcae () were a Gallic tribal confederation constituted before the raid of combined Gauls that invaded Macedonia c. 270 BC and fought the assembled Greeks at the Battle of Thermopylae in 279 BC. Tribes known by the name Volcae were found si ...
, at the end of the second century B.C. tried to shake off the yoke of Rome during the invasion of the
Cimbri
The Cimbri (Greek Κίμβροι, ''Kímbroi''; Latin ''Cimbri'') were an ancient tribe in Europe. Ancient authors described them variously as a Celtic people (or Gaulish), Germanic people, or even Cimmerian. Several ancient sources indicate that ...
, but at the beginning of the empire it was a prosperous Roman civitas with famous schools in which the three brothers of the
Emperor Constantine
Constantine I ( , ; la, Flavius Valerius Constantinus, ; ; 27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337, the first one to convert to Christianity. Born in Naissus, Dacia Mediterranea ...
were pupils. In the fourth century it was reckoned the fifteenth town in importance in the empire.
In 413 it was taken by
Astulph, the Goth, and in 419 under
Wallia
Wallia or Walha (Spanish: ''Walia'', Portuguese ''Vália''), ( 385 – 418) was king of the Visigoths from 415 to 418, earning a reputation as a great warrior and prudent ruler. He was elected to the throne after Athaulf and then Sigeric were ass ...
it became the capital of the
Visigothic Kingdom
The Visigothic Kingdom, officially the Kingdom of the Goths ( la, Regnum Gothorum), was a kingdom that occupied what is now southwestern France and the Iberian Peninsula from the 5th to the 8th centuries. One of the Germanic peoples, Germanic su ...
. In 508 after conquest by
Clovis it became Frankish. Legends of more or less recent date claim that it was evangelized by
St. Martial, but as far as historical evidence goes the see seems to have been founded by
St. Saturninus (Sernin) in the middle of the third century. The ''Passio Sancti Saturnini'' corroborates this date as that of his incumbency and martyrdom. Subsequent tradition claims that he was a disciple of
St. Peter
) (Simeon, Simon)
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Bethsaida, Gaulanitis, Syria, Roman Empire
, death_date = Between AD 64–68
, death_place = probably Vatican Hill, Rome, Italia, Roman Empire
, parents = John (or Jonah; Jona)
, occupation ...
.
St. Papoul was his companion and like him a martyr.
St. Honoratus, given in some lists as St. Saturninus's successor, is recognised as a pre-Schism Western saint by the Orthodox Church and it is therefore wrong to suggest that he seems just to have crept in through error from the fabulous legend of
St. Firminus of Amiens.
Among the bishops of Toulouse may be mentioned:
Rhodanius (350-58), exiled by
Constantius to
Phrygia
In classical antiquity, Phrygia ( ; grc, Φρυγία, ''Phrygía'' ) was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now Asian Turkey, centered on the Sangarios River. After its conquest, it became a region of the great empires ...
because of his efforts against
Arianism
Arianism ( grc-x-koine, Ἀρειανισμός, ) is a Christological doctrine first attributed to Arius (), a Christian presbyter from Alexandria, Egypt. Arian theology holds that Jesus Christ is the Son of God, who was begotten by God ...
at the
Council of Béziers in 356;
St. Hilary, whom some historians place before Rhodanius, but who is placed after him by Duchesne;
St. Sylvius (360-400);
St. Exuperius
Saint Exuperius (also Exsuperius) (french: Saint Exupéry, Saint Soupire) (died c. 410) was Bishop of Toulouse at the beginning of the 5th century.
Life
His place and date of birth are unknown. Upon succeeding Saint Sylvius as bishop of Toulous ...
(c. 400), who drove from his diocese in 405 the heretic
Vigilantius Vigilantius (fl. 400) the Christian presbyter, wrote a work, no longer extant, which opposed a number of common 5th-century practices, and which inspired one of the most violent of the polemical treatises of Jerome (died 420).''The Oxford Dictionar ...
, saved Toulouse from the Vandals, and was the friend of
St. Jerome
Jerome (; la, Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; grc-gre, Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; – 30 September 420), also known as Jerome of Stridon, was a Christian priest, confessor, theologian, and historian; he is comm ...
;
St. Germerius (Germier), whose episcopate (c. 541) is questioned by Duchesne;
Magnulphus (c. 585), exiled by King
Gundoald
Gundoald or Gundovald was a Merovingian usurper king in the area of southern Gaul in either 584 or 585. He claimed to be an illegitimate son of Chlothar I and, with the financial support of the Emperor Maurice, took some major cities in southern ...
; (657), a monk of
Fontenelle who returned to his monastery to die.
From being the capital of the
Duchy of Aquitaine
The Duchy of Aquitaine ( oc, Ducat d'Aquitània, ; french: Duché d'Aquitaine, ) was a historical fiefdom in western, central, and southern areas of present-day France to the south of the river Loire, although its extent, as well as its name, fluc ...
, from 631, Toulouse became in 778 the capital of the
County of Toulouse
The County of Toulouse ( oc, Comtat de Tolosa) was a territory in southern France consisting of the city of Toulouse and its environs, ruled by the Count of Toulouse from the late 9th century until the late 13th century.
The territory is the ...
created by
Charlemagne
Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first Holy ...
, and which in the tenth century was one of the main
fief
A fief (; la, feudum) was a central element in medieval contracts based on feudal law. It consisted of a form of property holding or other rights granted by an Lord, overlord to a vassal, who held it in fealty or "in fee" in return for a for ...
s of the crown.
Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse
Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse ( 1041 – 28 February 1105), sometimes called Raymond of Saint-Gilles or Raymond I of Tripoli, was a powerful noble in southern France and one of the leaders of the First Crusade (1096–1099). He was the Count of ...
, known as Raymond de Saint Gilles (1042–1105), was one of the leaders of the
First Crusade
The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period. The objective was the recovery of the Holy Land from Islamic ru ...
.
Raymond VI and
Raymond VII
Raymond VII (July 1197 – 27 September 1249) was Count of Toulouse, Duke of Narbonne and Marquis of Provence from 1222 until his death.
Family and marriages
Raymond was born at the Château de Beaucaire, the son of Raymond VI of Toulouse ...
, Counts of Toulouse, had leanings towards the
Cathars
Catharism (; from the grc, καθαροί, katharoi, "the pure ones") was a Christian dualist or Gnostic movement between the 12th and 14th centuries which thrived in Southern Europe, particularly in northern Italy and southern France. Fol ...
.
Simon of Montfort in 1218 died under the walls of Toulouse, At this time Toulouse had as bishop
Fulk of Marseilles (1206–1231), who fought against Raymond VI and protected the
Friars-Preachers
The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is a Catholic mendicant order of Pontifical Right for men founded in Toulouse, France, by the Spanish priest, saint and mystic Dominic of Cal ...
in their early days. The marriage (1249) of Jeanne, daughter of Raymond VII, with
Alphonse de Poitiers
Alphonse or Alfonso (11 November 122021 August 1271) was the count of Poitou from 1225 and count of Toulouse (as such called Alphonse II) from 1249. As count of Toulouse, he also governed the Marquisate of Provence.
Birth and early life
Born at ...
, brother of
Louis IX of France
Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the ...
, led to the uniting in 1271 of the County of Toulouse to the Crown of France, and Toulouse became the capital of the
Province of Languedoc.
The See of Toulouse was for a time made famous by
St. Louis
St. Louis () is the second-largest city in Missouri, United States. It sits near the confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers. In 2020, the city proper had a population of 301,578, while the bi-state metropolitan area, which e ...
(1296–97), son of
Charles II, King of Naples and the Two Sicilies, and of Mary, daughter of the King of Hungary: he was nephew of
St. Elizabeth of Hungary and grand-nephew of
St. Louis, King of France
Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly known as Saint Louis or Louis the Saint, was King of France from 1226 to 1270, and the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians. He was crowned in Reims at the age of 12, following the d ...
. Louis had resigned to his brother Robert all rights over the Kingdom of Naples, and had accepted from
Pope Boniface VIII
Pope Boniface VIII ( la, Bonifatius PP. VIII; born Benedetto Caetani, c. 1230 – 11 October 1303) was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 December 1294 to his death in 1303. The Caetani, Caetani family was of b ...
the See of Toulouse after becoming a
Franciscan friar
, image = FrancescoCoA PioM.svg
, image_size = 200px
, caption = A cross, Christ's arm and Saint Francis's arm, a universal symbol of the Franciscans
, abbreviation = OFM
, predecessor =
, ...
. His successor was
Peter de la Chapelle Taillefer (1298–1312) who was created cardinal in 1305.
To this epoch belongs a change that took place in the history of the Diocese of Toulouse. It decreased in size but increased in dignity. Before 1295 the Diocese of Toulouse was very extensive. At the beginning of the thirteenth century Bishop Fulk had wished to divide it into several dioceses. In 1295 a portion of territory was cut off by Boniface VIII to form the
Diocese of Pamiers
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Pamiers, Couserans, and Mirepoix (Latin: ''Dioecesis Apamiensis, Couseranensis, et Mirapicensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Pamiers, Mirepoix, et Couserans'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church ...
. Then in 1319 John XXII cut off the Diocese of Toulouse from the metropolitan church of Narbonne and made it a metropolitan with the Sees of Montauban, Saint-Papoul, Rieux, and Lombez as suffragans; a little later Lavaur and Mirepoix also became suffragans of Toulouse. The majority of these sees were composed of territory cut off from the ancient See of Toulouse itself. According to Pope John XXII, not only was the diocese too large and too populated for a single bishop to carry out all of his necessary functions, but also it was immensely rich and did not spend its wealth for the growth of the faith, but on luxuries and dissipation of every sort.
Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII ( la, Ioannes PP. XXII; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was head of the Catholic Church from 7 August 1316 to his death in December 1334.
He was the second and longest-reigning Avignon Pope, elected by ...
offered the
See of Riez in Provence to
Gaillard de Preyssac, Bishop of Toulouse since 1305, whom he suspected of having conspired against him with
Hugues Giraud,
Bishop of Cahors
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cahors (Latin: ''Dioecesis Cadurcensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Cahors'') is a diocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France. The diocese comprises the whole of the department of Lot.
In the begi ...
. Gaillard refused the offer, and retired to Avignon where he died in 1327.
The first archbishop was
Raymond de Comminges,
Bishop of Maguelonne
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Montpellier (–Lodève–Béziers–Agde–Saint-Pons-de-Thomières) (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Metropolitae Montis Pessulani (–Lotevensis–Biterrensis–Agathensis–Sancti Pontii Thomeriarum)'' ...
from 1309, who, when created cardinal in 1327, resigned the See of Toulouse in order to take up his duties at the Papal Curia in Avignon, where he died in 1348. He left a book on the "Passion of the Saviour", and some "Sermons for Festival Days". Among his successors were: the Dominican
William de Laudun (1327–1345), previously
bishop of Vienne
The Archbishopric of Vienne, named after its episcopal seat in Vienne in the Isère département of southern France, was a metropolitan Roman Catholic archdiocese. It is now part of the Archdiocese of Lyon.
History
The legend according to whi ...
;
Raymond de Canillac
Raymond de Canillac (born ca. 1300, died 1373) was a French lawyer, bishop, and cardinal. He was born at Roche de Canilhac, the family castle, in the diocese of Mende in the Gevaudan in central France, the son of Guillaume de Canillac and a sister ...
(1345–50), who resigned upon being named a cardinal in 1350; Cardinal
Francis de Gozie
Francis may refer to:
People
*Pope Francis, the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State and Bishop of Rome
*Francis (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters
*Francis (surname)
Places
*Rural Mu ...
(1391–92);
Bernard du Rosier (1451–1474), author of two treatises on the temporal power of the pope and on the liberty of the Church, and who founded at Toulouse the
College de Foix
A college (Latin: ''collegium'') is an educational institution or a University system, constituent part of one. A college may be a academic degree, degree-awarding Tertiary education, tertiary educational institution, a part of a coll ...
for the support of twenty-five poor scholars, where he collected one of the first libraries of the period;
John of Orléans (1503–1533), cardinal in 1533.
Protestantism entered Toulouse in 1532 through foreign students. As early as 1563 the Catholics of Toulouse founded a league to uphold the prerogatives of Catholicism, protected by the Parlement but jeopardized by certain Protestant town-councillors. From 1586 to 1595 the League party under Montmorency, Governor of Languedoc, and the
Duc de Joyeuse held control in Toulouse. The rule of
Henry IV of France
Henry IV (french: Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarc ...
was definitively recognized there in 1596. During this period of religious unrest Toulouse had many notable archbishops:
Gabriel de Gramont
Gabriel de Gramont (1486–1534) was a French Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.
Biography
Gabriel de Gramont was born in Gascony in 1486, the son of Roger de Gramont, ''signeur'' of Bidache, and Eléonore de Béarn. His brother, Charles de ...
(1533–34), cardinal in 1530;
Odet de Châtillon, Cardinal de Coligny (1534–1550), who became a Calvinist, married in 1564, and died in 1571;
Anthony Sanguin
Anthony or Antony is a masculine given name, derived from the ''Antonii'', a '' gens'' ( Roman family name) to which Mark Antony (''Marcus Antonius'') belonged. According to Plutarch, the Antonii gens were Heracleidae, being descendants of Anton ...
(1550–1559), Cardinal de Meudon in 1539;
Georges d'Armagnac
Georges d'Armagnac (c. 1501 – July 1585) was a French humanist, patron of arts, Cardinal and diplomat deeply embroiled in the Italian Wars and in the French Wars of Religion.
Biography
He was born at Avignon, the son of Pierre d'Armagna ...
(1562–1577), cardinal in 1544;
François de Joyeuse
François de Joyeuse (24 June 1562 – 23 August 1615) was a French churchman and politician.
Biography
Born at Carcassonne, François de Joyeuse was the second son of Guillaume de Joyeuse and Marie Eléanor de Batarnay. As the younger son of a ...
(1584–1605), cardinal in 1583 and who conducted the negotiations between Henry IV and the Holy See.
Among subsequent archbishops we may mention:
Louis de Nogaret
Louis de Nogaret de La Valette (8 February 1593, in Angoulême – 28 September 1639, in Rivoli) was a Roman Catholic cardinal and lieutenant general in the French Army.
Louis was the third son of Jean Louis de Nogaret de La Valette (1554–164 ...
(1614–1627), Cardinal de Lavalette in 1621, but who never received orders and from 1635 to 1637 led part of the French troops in the
Thirty Years War
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, most destructive conflicts in History of Europe, European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an es ...
;
Charles de Montchal
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...
(1628–1651), who in 1635 upheld the decision of the Holy See, against the opinion of the majority of the Assembly of Clergy, that the marriages of princes of blood contracted without royal consent were not null;
Pierre de Marca
Pierre de Marca (24 January 1594 – 29 June 1662) was a French bishop and historian, born at Gan in Béarn of a family distinguished in the magistracy.
His family was known among judicial circles in the 16th century, and maintained the ...
(1652–1662), who under
Louis XIII
Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown ...
aided largely in the re-establishment of Catholicism in
Béarn
The Béarn (; ; oc, Bearn or ''Biarn''; eu, Bearno or ''Biarno''; or ''Bearnia'') is one of the traditional provinces of France, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. Along with the three Bas ...
, in 1621 became president of the Parlement of Béarn, was afterwards made Councillor of State by Louis XIII, and wrote a work of
Gallican tendency "De concordia Sacerdotii et Imperii", a voluminous work on Spain and especially on the
Province of Tarragona
Tarragona (, ) is a province of eastern Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia. It is bordered by the provinces of Castellón, Teruel, Zaragoza, Lérida and Barcelona and by the Mediterranean Sea.
The province's p ...
, and a commentary on the
Psalms
The Book of Psalms ( or ; he, תְּהִלִּים, , lit. "praises"), also known as the Psalms, or the Psalter, is the first book of the ("Writings"), the third section of the Tanakh, and a book of the Old Testament. The title is derived ...
; he was secretary to the
Assembly of the Clergy of France of April, 1656, which drew up a formula condemning the Five propositions drawn from the "Augustinus", and he died in 1662 just as he was about to take possession of the
See of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Parisiensis''; French language, French: ''Archidiocèse de Paris'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of List of Catholic dio ...
;
Pierre de Bonzy (1672–1673), cardinal in 1672;
Charles Antoine de Laroche Aymon (1740–1752), cardinal in 1771;
Etienne Charles de Lomenie (1763–1789), Cardinal de Brienne in 1788;
Anne de Clermont Tonnerre
Anne, alternatively spelled Ann, is a form of the Latin female given name Anna. This in turn is a representation of the Hebrew Hannah, which means 'favour' or 'grace'. Related names include Annie.
Anne is sometimes used as a male name in the ...
(1820–1830), cardinal in 1822;
Paul d'Astros (1830–1851), cardinal in 1850;
Julien Desprez
Julien may refer to:
People
* Julien (given name)
* Julien (surname)
Music
* ''Julien'' (opera), a 1913 poème lyrique by Gustave Charpentier
* ''Julien'' (album), by Dalida, 1973
* "Julien" (song), by Carly Rae Jepsen, 2019
Places ...
(1859–1895), cardinal in 1879;
François-Désiré Mathieu (1896–1899), cardinal in 1899, was a member of the
French Academy
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to France
** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents
** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
, wrote the history of Lorraine under the ancien regime, of the Concordat of 1801–2, and of the
conclave of 1903; he died in 1908.
Leadership
Bishops
*
Saint Saturnin (or Saint Sernin)
*Rhodanius (Rhodane) (350–358)
*Hilarius (Saint Hilaire) (358–360)
*
Saint Selve or Saint Sylve (360–400)
*
Saint Exupère or
Saint Spire
Saint Exuperius (also Exsuperius) (french: Saint Exupéry, Saint Soupire) (died c. 410) was Bishop of Toulouse at the beginning of the 5th century.
Life
His place and date of birth are unknown. Upon succeeding Saint Sylvius as bishop of Toulouse ...
(400– )
*Heraclius ( –506)
*
Saint Germier
Saint Germerius (french: Saint Germier) (ca. 480- ca. 560 AD) was bishop of Toulouse from 510 to 560 AD. There is some question as to whether he actually existed. He is the patron saint of the abbey of Lézat. ( –541)
*Magnulphus (Magnulphe) ( –585)
*Wilegisile ( –625)
*
Saint Erembert ( –657)
*Arricius ( –785)
*Mancion ( –798)
*Samuel ( –843)
*Salomon ( –857)
*Helisachar ( –861)
*Bernard (883–890)
*Armandus (903–925)
*Hugues I (926–972)
*Atton (973–974)
*Isolus (974–986)
*Attus (990–1000)
*Raymond (1004–1010)
*Pierre Roger (1018–1031)
*Arnaud (1031–1035)
*Bernard (1035–1040)
*Hugues II (1041–1044)
*Arnaud (1045–1059)
*Durand de Breton (1059–1070) (
Durand de Bredons Durand de Bredons (died 1071) was a French Benedictine and bishop of Toulouse from about 1058. He was from Bredons in the Auvergne., in French.
He was from about 1048 Abbot of Moissac, a Cluniac
The Cluniac Reforms (also called the Benedictine ...
)
*Izarn (1071–1105)
*Amelius Raymond du Puy (1105–1139)
*Raymond de Lautrec (1140–1163)
*Bernard Bonhomme (1163–1164)
*Gérard de Labarthe (1164–1170)
*Hugues III (1170–1175)
*Bertrand de Villemur (1175–1178)
*Gausselin (1178–1178)
*Fulcrand (1179–1200)
*
Raymond de Rabastens
Raymond is a male given name. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic ᚱᚨᚷᛁᚾᛗᚢᚾᛞ ( ...
(1203–1206)
*
Foulques de Marseille (1206–1231)
*
Raymond du Falga (1232–1279)
*
Bertrand de l'Isle-Jourdain (1270–1286)
*
Hugues Mascaron (1286–1296)
*
Saint Louis d'Anjou-Sicile (1296–1297)
*
Arnaud-Roger de Comminges 1297–1298
*
Pierre de la Chapelle Taillefer
Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...
(1298–1305), cardinal in 1305
*
Gaillard de Preyssac (1305–1317), resigned in 1317, died 1327
Archbishops
* Jean Raymond de Comminges (1318–1327) (previously
Bishop of Maguelonne
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Montpellier (–Lodève–Béziers–Agde–Saint-Pons-de-Thomières) (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Metropolitae Montis Pessulani (–Lotevensis–Biterrensis–Agathensis–Sancti Pontii Thomeriarum)'' ...
)
* Guillaume de Laudun (1327–1345)
*
Raymond de Canillac
Raymond de Canillac (born ca. 1300, died 1373) was a French lawyer, bishop, and cardinal. He was born at Roche de Canilhac, the family castle, in the diocese of Mende in the Gevaudan in central France, the son of Guillaume de Canillac and a sister ...
(1346–1350)
* Etienne Aldobrandi (Stefano Aldebrandi Cambaruti) (1350–1361)
* Geofrroy de Vayroles (1379–1390)
* Jean de Cardailhac (1379–1390)
* François de Conzie (1390–1391)
* Pierre de Saint Martial (1391–1401)
* Vital de Castelmourou (1401–1410)
* Dominique de Flourence (1410–1422)
* Denys du Moulin (1423–1439)
* Pierre du Moulin (1439–1451)
* Bernard du Rosier (1452–1475)
* Pierre de Lyon (1475–1491)
* Hector de Bourbon (1491–1502)
*
Jean d'Orléans-Longueville (1503–1533)
*
Gabriel de Gramont
Gabriel de Gramont (1486–1534) was a French Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.
Biography
Gabriel de Gramont was born in Gascony in 1486, the son of Roger de Gramont, ''signeur'' of Bidache, and Eléonore de Béarn. His brother, Charles de ...
(1533–1534)
*
Odet de Coligny
Odet de Coligny (10 July 1517 – 21 March 1571) was a French aristocrat, cardinal, Bishop-elect of Beauvais, Peer of France, and member of the French Royal Council. From 1534 he was usually referred to as the Cardinal of Châtillon.
Early li ...
(1534–1550)
*
Antoine Sanguin (1551–1559)
*
Robert de Lenoncourt (d. 1561)
Robert de Lenoncourt (1485? – 4 February 1561) was a French bishop, Cardinal, and diplomat. He was the son of Thierry de Lenoncourt, Seigneur de Vignory, Councillor and Chamberlain of the King, and Jeanne de Ville. He had a brother, Henry, ...
(1560–1561)
*
Georges d'Armagnac
Georges d'Armagnac (c. 1501 – July 1585) was a French humanist, patron of arts, Cardinal and diplomat deeply embroiled in the Italian Wars and in the French Wars of Religion.
Biography
He was born at Avignon, the son of Pierre d'Armagna ...
(1562–1583)
*
Paul de Foix (1583–1584)
*
François de Joyeuse
François de Joyeuse (24 June 1562 – 23 August 1615) was a French churchman and politician.
Biography
Born at Carcassonne, François de Joyeuse was the second son of Guillaume de Joyeuse and Marie Eléanor de Batarnay. As the younger son of a ...
(1588–1614) (also
Archbishop of Rouen
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rouen (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Rothomagensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Rouen'') is an archdiocese of the Latin Rite of the Roman Catholic Church in France. As one of the fifteen Archbishops of France, the Ar ...
)
*
Louis de Nogaret de La Valette d'Épernon (1614–1628)
*
Charles de Montchal
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...
(1628–1651)
*
Pierre de Marca
Pierre de Marca (24 January 1594 – 29 June 1662) was a French bishop and historian, born at Gan in Béarn of a family distinguished in the magistracy.
His family was known among judicial circles in the 16th century, and maintained the ...
(1654–1662) (also
Archbishop of Paris
The Archdiocese of Paris (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Parisiensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Paris'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. It is one of twenty-three archdioceses in France ...
)
* Charles-François d'Anglure de Bourlemont (1664–1669)
*
Pierre de Bonzi
Piero de Bonzi (also ''Pierre''; 15 April 1631 - 11 July 1703) was an Italian-French Roman Catholic cardinal. His last name is also listed as Bonsi.
Biography
left, Coat of arms of Pierre de Bonzy - Staircase of the palace of the Archbishops of ...
(1672–1673)
* Joseph de Montpezat de Carbon (1675–1687)
* Jean-Baptiste-Michel Colbert de Villacerf (1693–1710)
* René-François de Beauveau de Rivau (1714–1721) (also
Bishop of Narbonne
The former Catholic diocese of Narbonne existed from early Christian times until the French Revolution. It was an archdiocese, with its see at Narbonne, from the year 445, and its influence ran over much of south-western France and into Cataloni ...
)
*
Henri de Nesmond (1722–1727)
* Jean-Louis de Balbis-Berton de Crillon (1728–1740)
*
Charles Antoine de La Roche-Aymon
Charles Antoine, Count of La Roche-Aymon, born at Mainsat (Marche) on 17 February 1697 and died in Paris on 27 October 1777, was a French prelate, cardinal and grand aumônier de France.
La Roche-Aymon was born in the diocese of Limoges in 1696, ...
(1740–1753) (also
Bishop of Narbonne
The former Catholic diocese of Narbonne existed from early Christian times until the French Revolution. It was an archdiocese, with its see at Narbonne, from the year 445, and its influence ran over much of south-western France and into Cataloni ...
,
Bishop of Tarbes
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Tarbes et Lourdes (Latin: ''Dioecesis Tarbiensis et Lourdensis''; French: ''Diocèse de Tarbes et Lourdes'') is a Roman Catholic Latin Rite diocese in France. Until 2002 Tarbes was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of A ...
and
Archbishop of Reims
The Archdiocese of Reims (traditionally spelt "Rheims" in English) ( la, Archidiœcesis Remensis; French: ''Archidiocèse de Reims'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastic territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in France. Erected as a diocese ...
)
* François de Crussol d'Uzès (1753–1758)
*
Arthur Richard Dillon
Arthur Richard Dillon (1721–1806) was archbishop of Narbonne in France. He was the youngest son of Arthur Dillon (1670–1733), who came to France with Mountcashel's Irish Brigade. At the French Revolution he refused the civil constitution ...
(1758–1762) (also
Bishop of Narbonne
The former Catholic diocese of Narbonne existed from early Christian times until the French Revolution. It was an archdiocese, with its see at Narbonne, from the year 445, and its influence ran over much of south-western France and into Cataloni ...
)
*
Étienne-Charles de Loménie de Brienne (1763–1788) (also
Archbishop of Sens
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sens and Auxerre (Latin: ''Archidioecesis Senonensis et Antissiodorensis''; French: ''Archidiocèse de Sens et Auxerre'') is a Latin Rite Archdiocese of the Roman Catholic Church in France. The Archdiocese compr ...
)
* François de Fontanges (1788–1801) (also
Archbishop of Bourges
In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdioc ...
)
* Claude-François-Marie Primat (1802–1816)
*
François de Bovet François de Bovet (March 21, 1745, Grenoble – April 6, 1838, Paris) was bishop of Sisteron from 1789 to 1812, and from 1817 to 1820 was archbishop of Toulouse.
He was consecrated as bishop on September 13, 1789, in Paris. Due to religious perse ...
(1817–1820)
*
Anne-Antoine-Jules de Clermont-Tonnerre
Anne Antoine Jules de Clermont-Tonnerre (1 January 1749–21 February 1830) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church. He was made a cardinal by Pope Pius VII in 1822.
Life
He became Bishop of Châlons-sur-Marne in 1782. He was consecrated a ...
(1820–1830)
*
Paul-Thérèse-David d'Astros (1830–1851)
* Jean-Marie Mioland (1851–1859)
*
Florian Desprez
Julien Florian Félix Desprez, who used the name Florian Desprez
(14 April 1807 – 21 January 1895) was a French prelate of the Catholic Church, who became a bishop in 1850, first in Réunion from 1850 to 1857 and then in Limoges until 1859. He sp ...
(1859–1895)
*
François-Désiré Mathieu (1896–1899)
* Jean-Augustin Germain (1899–1928)
*
Jules-Géraud Saliège
Jules-Géraud Saliège (24 February 1870 – 5 November 1956) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Toulouse from 1928 until his death, and was a significant figure in Catholic resistance to Nazism in F ...
(1928–1956)
*
Gabriel-Marie Garrone
Gabriel-Marie Garrone (12 October 1901 in Aix-les-Bains, Savoie, France – 15 January 1994 in Rome, Italy) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and a Prefect of the Congregation for Catholic Education.
Gabriel-Marie Garrone was bo ...
(1956–1966)
*
Louis-Jean-Frédéric Guyot (1966–1978)
*
André Charles Collini (1978–1996)
*
Emile Marcus
Emil or Emile may refer to:
Literature
*''Emile, or On Education'' (1762), a treatise on education by Jean-Jacques Rousseau
* ''Émile'' (novel) (1827), an autobiographical novel based on Émile de Girardin's early life
*''Emil and the Detective ...
, P.S.S. (1996–2006)
*
Robert Le Gall
Robert Jean Louis Le Gall O.S.B. (born 26 February 1946) is a French prelate of the Catholic Church who was Archbishop of Toulouse from 2006 to 2021. He was previously the Bishop of Mende from 2001 to 2006.
Biography
Robert Jean Louis Le Gall w ...
, O.S.B. (2006–2021)
*
Guy de Kerimel (2021–present)
See also
*
Catholic Church in France
, native_name_lang = fr
, image = 060806-France-Paris-Notre Dame.jpg
, imagewidth = 200px
, alt =
, caption = Cathedral Notre-Dame de Paris
, abbreviation =
, type ...
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Toulouse, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of
Toulouse
Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and from Par ...
*
*
History of Toulouse
3rd-century establishments in Roman Gaul
Christianity in Toulouse