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Methyl cinnamate is the 
methyl
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula . In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. This hydrocarbon group occurs in many ...
ester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group () is replaced by an alkoxy group (), as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Glycerides ar ...
of cinnamic acid
Cinnamic acid is an organic compound with the formula C6H5-CH=CH- COOH. It is a white crystalline compound that is slightly soluble in water, and freely soluble in many organic solvents. Classified as an unsaturated carboxylic acid, it occurs n ...
and is a white or transparent solid with a strong, aromatic odor. It is found naturally in a variety of plants, including in fruits, like strawberry
The garden strawberry (or simply strawberry; ''Fragaria × ananassa'') is a widely grown hybrid species of the genus '' Fragaria'', collectively known as the strawberries, which are cultivated worldwide for their fruit. The fruit is widely ap ...
, and some culinary spices, such as Sichuan pepper and some varieties of basil
Basil (, ; ''Ocimum basilicum'' , also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints). It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. In Western cuisine, the generic term "basil" refers to the variety also kno ...
. ''Eucalyptus olida
''Eucalyptus olida'' is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales, Australia. It has rough, flaky and fibrous bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower ...
'' has the highest known concentrations of methyl cinnamate (98%) with a 2–6% fresh weight yield in the leaf and twigs.
Methyl cinnamate is used in the flavor and perfume industries. The flavor is fruity and strawberry-like; and the odor is sweet, balsamic with fruity odor, reminiscent of cinnamon and strawberry.
It is known to attract males of various orchid bee
The tribe Euglossini, in the subfamily Apinae, commonly known as orchid bees or euglossine bees, are the only group of corbiculate bees whose non-parasitic members do not all possess eusocial behavior.
Description
Most of the tribe's species ...
s, such as '' Aglae caerulea''.
List of plants that contain the chemical
* ''Eucalyptus olida
''Eucalyptus olida'' is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales, Australia. It has rough, flaky and fibrous bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower ...
'' 'Strawberry Gum'
* '' Ocotea quixos'' South American (Ecuadorian) Cinnamon, Ishpingo
* '' Ocimum americanum'' cv. Purple Lovingly (Querendona Morada)
* ''Ocimum americanum'' cv. Purple Castle (Castilla Morada)
* ''Ocimum americanum'' cv. Purple Long-legged (Zancona morada)
* ''Ocimum americanum'' cv. Clove (Clavo)
* ''Ocimum basilicum
Basil (, ; ''Ocimum basilicum'' , also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints). It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. In Western cuisine, the generic term "basil" refers to the variety also kno ...
'' cv. Sweet Castle (Dulce de Castilla)
* ''Ocimum basilicum'' cv. White Compact (Blanca compacta)
* ''Ocimum basilicum'' cv. large green leaves ()
* ''Ocimum micranthum
''Ocimum campechianum'' is a plant species in the family Lamiaceae, widespread across Mexico, Central America, South America, the West Indies, and Florida.
Leaves of ''Ocimum campechianum'' are eaten in Brazil's Amazon jungle. Similar to basil, ...
'' cv. Cinnamon (Canela)
* ''Ocimum minimum
''Ocimum minimum'' is a species of plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is sometimes referred to as bush basil in reference to the way this perennial grows.
Portugal
In Portugal, the plant is known as ''manjerico'', and is an iconic figure of th ...
'' cv. Little Virgin (Virgen pequena)
* ''Ocimum minimum'' cv. Purple Virgin (Virgen morada)
* ''Ocimum
''Ocimum'' is a genus of aromatic annual and perennial herbs and shrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to the tropical and warm temperate regions of all 6 inhabited continents, with the greatest number of species in Africa. It is the genus o ...
'' sp. cv. Purple ruffle (Crespa morada)
* ''Ocimum
''Ocimum'' is a genus of aromatic annual and perennial herbs and shrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to the tropical and warm temperate regions of all 6 inhabited continents, with the greatest number of species in Africa. It is the genus o ...
'' sp. cv. White Ruffle (Crespa blanca)
* '' Stanhopea embreei'', an orchid
* Vanilla
Vanilla is a spice derived from orchids of the genus ''Vanilla (genus), Vanilla'', primarily obtained from pods of the Mexican species, flat-leaved vanilla (''Vanilla planifolia, V. planifolia'').
Pollination is required to make the p ...
Toxicology and safety
Moderately toxic by ingestion. The oral for rats is 2610 mg/kg. It is combustible as a liquid, and when heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.Compendial status
*Food Chemicals Codex The Food Chemicals Codex (FCC) is a collection of internationally recognized standards for the purity and identity of food ingredients.
Scope
The FCC features more than 1,250 monographs, including food-grade chemicals, processing aids, foods (suc ...
See also
*Eucalyptus oil
Eucalyptus oil is the generic name for distilled oil from the leaf of ''Eucalyptus'', a genus of the plant family Myrtaceae native to Australia and cultivated worldwide. Eucalyptus oil has a history of wide application, as a pharmaceutical, ant ...
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Methyl Cinnamate Cinnamate esters Methyl esters Flavors Sweet-smelling chemicals ja:ケイ皮酸メチル