sRNA162, sRNA154, sRNA41 are small
non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. The DNA sequence from which a functional non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an RNA gene. Abundant and functionally important types of non-c ...
(sRNA) identified together with 248 other sRNA candidates by
RNA sequencing
RNA-Seq (named as an abbreviation of RNA sequencing) is a sequencing technique which uses next-generation sequencing (NGS) to reveal the presence and quantity of RNA in a biological sample at a given moment, analyzing the continuously changing c ...
in
methanogenic
Methanogenesis or biomethanation is the formation of methane coupled to energy conservation by microbes known as methanogens. Organisms capable of producing methane for energy conservation have been identified only from the Domain (biology), domai ...
archaeon
Archaea ( ; singular archaeon ) is a domain of single-celled organisms. These microorganisms lack cell nuclei and are therefore prokaryotes. Archaea were initially classified as bacteria, receiving the name archaebacteria (in the Archaebact ...
''
Methanosarcina mazei
''Methanosarcina'' is a genus of euryarchaeote archaea that produce methane. These single-celled organisms are known as anaerobic methanogens that produce methane using all three metabolic pathways for methanogenesis. They live in diverse en ...
'' Gö1. These sRNAs were further characterised. It was shown that sRNA162 can interact with both, a ''
cis-'' and a ''
trans
Trans- is a Latin prefix meaning "across", "beyond", or "on the other side of".
Used alone, trans may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media
* Trans (festival), a former festival in Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
* ''Trans'' (film ...
''-encoded mRNAs using two distinct domains. The sRNA overlaps the
5′UTR of the MM2442 mRNA and acts as a cis-encoded
antisense RNA
Antisense RNA (asRNA), also referred to as antisense transcript, natural antisense transcript (NAT) or antisense oligonucleotide, is a single stranded RNA that is complementary to a protein coding messenger RNA (mRNA) with which it hybridizes, and ...
, and it also regulates MM2441 expression as a trans-encoded sRNA. It exhibits a regulatory role in the metabolic switch between
methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the formula C H3 O H (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a ...
and
trimethylamine
Trimethylamine (TMA) is an organic compound with the formula N(CH3)3. It is a colorless, hygroscopic, and flammable tertiary amine. It is a gas at room temperature but is usually sold as a 40% solution in water. (It is also sold in pressurized ...
as carbon and energy source. sRNA154, exclusively expressed under nitrogen deficiency, has a central regulatory role in nitrogen metabolism affecting nitrogenase and
glutamine synthetase
Glutamine synthetase (GS) () is an enzyme that plays an essential role in the metabolism of nitrogen by catalyzing the condensation of glutamate and ammonia to form glutamine:
Glutamate + Adenosine triphosphate, ATP + NH3 → Glutamine + Ad ...
by masking the ribosome binding site or positively affecting transcript stability. sRNA41, highly expressed during nitrogen sufficiency, is capable to bind several
ribosome binding sites independently within a
polycistronic
A cistron is an alternative term for "gene". The word cistron is used to emphasize that genes exhibit a specific behavior in a cis-trans test; distinct positions (or loci) within a genome are cistronic.
History
The words ''cistron'' and ''gene ...
mRNA. It was proposed to inhibits translation initiation of all ACDS (
acetyl-CoA
Acetyl-CoA (acetyl coenzyme A) is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Its main function is to deliver the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to be oxidized for ...
decarbonylase/synthase complex) genes in N-dependent manner.
See also
Bacterial sRNA involved in nitrogen metabolism:
NsiR4
Other archaeal sRNAs:
*
Pyrobaculum asR3 small RNA
asR3 is an archeal small RNA identified in seven ''Pyrobaculum
''Pyrobaculum'' is a genus of the Thermoproteaceae.
Description and significance
As its Latin name ''Pyrobaculum'' (the "fire stick") suggests, the archaeon is rod-shaped and is ...
*
Archaeal H/ACA sRNA
In archaea like in eukaryotes, uridines in various RNAs are converted to pseudouridines by ribonucleoprotein complexes ( RNPs) containing H/ACA sRNA. Because of their conserved function, these sRNAs are also called small "nucleolar" RNAs (snoRNA) l ...
References
Non-coding RNA
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