''Meta'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
long-jawed orb-weavers that was first described by
Ludwig Carl Christian Koch
Ludwig Carl Christian Koch (8 November 1825 – 1 November 1908) was a German entomologist and arachnologist.
He was born in Regensburg, Germany, and died in Nuremberg, Germany. He studied in Nuremberg, initially law, but then turned to medic ...
in 1835.
They are often associated with caves, caverns, and recesses, earning some of them the name "cave orbweavers"
Species
it contains twenty-six species, found worldwide:
*''
Meta abdomenalis''
Patel & Reddy, 1993 – India
*''
Meta birmanica''
Thorell, 1898 – Myanmar
*''
Meta bourneti''
Simon, 1922 – Europe,
Georgia, North Africa
*''
Meta dolloff
The Dolloff cave spider (''Meta dolloff'') is a spider native to California, among the rarest spiders of North America.
This species was listed on the 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. This doesn't provide legal protection for the speci ...
''
Levi, 1980 – USA
*''
Meta hamata''
Wang, Zhou, Irfan, Yang & Peng, 2020 — China
*''
Meta japonica''
Tanikawa, 1993 – Japan
*''
Meta longlingensis''
Wang, Zhou, Irfan, Yang & Peng, 2020 — China
*''
Meta manchurica''
Marusik & Koponen, 1992 – Russia (Far East), Korea
*''
Meta menardi''
(Latreille, 1804) (
type) – Europe, Turkey, Iran
*''
Meta meruensis''
Tullgren, 1910 – Tanzania
*''
Meta mixta''
O. Pickard-Cambridge
Octavius Pickard-Cambridge FRS (3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917) was an English clergyman and zoologist. He was a keen arachnologist who described and named more than 900 species of spider.
Life and work
Pickard-Cambridge was born in Blox ...
, 1885 – China (
Yarkand
Yarkant County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also Shache County,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also transliterated from Uyghur as Yakan County, is a county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous ...
)
*''
Meta monogrammata''
Butler
A butler is a person who works in a house serving and is a domestic worker in a large household. In great houses, the household is sometimes divided into departments with the butler in charge of the dining room, wine cellar, and pantry. Some a ...
, 1876 – Australia (
Queensland
)
, nickname = Sunshine State
, image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg
, map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia
, subdivision_type = Country
, subdivision_name = Australia
, established_title = Before federation
, established_ ...
)
*''
Meta montana''
Hogg, 1919 – Indonesia (
Sumatra
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...
)
*''
Meta nebulosa''
Schenkel, 1936 – China
*''
Meta nigridorsalis''
Tanikawa, 1994 – China, Japan
*''
Meta obscura''
Kulczyński, 1899 – Canary Is., Madeira
*''
Meta ovalis''
(Gertsch
Willis John Gertsch (October 4, 1906 – December 12, 1998) was an American arachnologist. He described over 1,000 species of spiders, scorpions, and other arachnids, including the Brown recluse spider and the Tooth cave spider.
Gertsch was born ...
, 1933) – USA, Canada
*''
Meta qianshanensis''
Zhu & Zhu, 1983 – China
*''
Meta serrana''
Franganillo, 1930 – Cuba
*''
Meta shenae''
Zhu, Song & Zhang, 2003 – China
*''
Meta simlaensis''
Tikader, 1982 – India
*''
Meta stridulans''
Wunderlich, 1987 – Madeira
*''
Meta tangi''
>Wang, Zhou, Irfan, Yang & Peng, 2020 — China
*''
Meta turbatrix''
Keyserling, 1887 – Australia (New South Wales)
*''
Meta yani''
>Wang, Zhou, Irfan, Yang & Peng, 2020 — China
*''
Meta tangi''
>Wang, Zhou, Irfan, Yang & Peng, 2020 — China
Synonyms
Synonyms
A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are all ...
include:
[
*''Meta americana'' Marusik & Koponen, 1992 = ''Meta ovalis'' (Gertsch, 1933)
*''Meta milleri'' Kratochvíl, 1942 = ''Meta bourneti'' Simon, 1922
]
Dubious names
''Nomina dubia
In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application.
Zoology
In case of a ''nomen dubium'' it may be impossible to determine whether a s ...
'' (dubious names) include:[
*''Meta nigra'' Franganillo, 1920
]
See also
* List of Tetragnathidae species
References
External links
Araneomorphae genera
Cosmopolitan spiders
Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Koch
Tetragnathidae
{{Tetragnathidae-stub