Menashe Kadishman (

Hebrew Hebrew (; ''ʿÎbrit'') is a Northwest Semitic languages, Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic languages, Afroasiatic language family. A regional dialect of the Canaanite languages, it was natively spoken by the Israelites and ...

: מנשה קדישמן; August 21, 1932 – May 8, 2015) was an Israeli

sculptor Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

and

painter Painting is a Visual arts, visual art, which is characterized by the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called "matrix" or "Support (art), support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with ...

Biography

Menashe Kadishman was born in

Mandate Palestine The Mandate for Palestine was a League of Nations mandate for British administration of the territories of Palestine and Transjordanwhich had been part of the Ottoman Empire for four centuriesfollowing the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in Wo ...

Bilha and Ben-Zion Kadishman. His father died when he was 15 years old. He left school to help his mother and provide for the family. From 1947 to 1950, Kadishman studied with the Israeli sculptor Moshe Sternschuss at the

Avni Institute of Art and Design Avni Institute of Art and Design is an Israeli art school located in Tel Aviv. History The Studia school (later Avni Institute) was established in 1936De La Fuente S:Black and white in color" '' The Jerusalem Post'' 30 May 2007. Accessed 2008-11- ...

under

Aharon Avni Aharon Avni (Kaminkovitz) (; November 27, 1906 – March 23, 1951) was an Israeli painter, born in Russia, a member of the 'Massad (art group), Massad' group, founder of the 'Avni Institute,' and one of the founders of the HaMidrasha – Faculty ...

Tel Aviv Tel Aviv-Yafo ( or , ; ), sometimes rendered as Tel Aviv-Jaffa, and usually referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the Gush Dan metropolitan area of Israel. Located on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline and with a popula ...

, and in 1954 with the Israeli sculptor Rudi Lehmann in

Jerusalem Jerusalem is a city in the Southern Levant, on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. It is one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest cities in the world, and ...

. In 1950, Kadishman joined the Nahal infantry brigade and he worked as a

shepherd A shepherd is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations; it exists in many parts of the globe, and it is an important part of Pastoralism, pastoralist animal husbandry. ...

Kibbutz A kibbutz ( / , ; : kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1910, was Degania Alef, Degania. Today, farming has been partly supplanted by other economi ...

Ma'ayan Baruch Ma'ayan Baruch () is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located near the Lebanese border, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In it had a population of . History The kibbutz was founded on 11 March 1947, on the site ...

for the next three years. This experience with nature, sheep and shepherding had a significant impact on his later artistic work and career. In 1959, Kadishman moved to London to study at

Saint Martin's School of Art Saint Martin's School of Art was an art school, art college in London, England. It offered foundation and degree level courses. It was established in 1854, initially under the aegis of the church of St Martin-in-the-Fields. Saint Martin's beca ...

and the

Slade School of Art The UCL Slade School of Fine Art (informally The Slade) is the art school of University College London (UCL) and is based in London, England. It has been ranked as the UK's top art and design educational institution. The school is organised as ...

. In 1959-1960 he also studied with

Anthony Caro Sir Anthony Alfred Caro (8 March 192423 October 2013) was an English abstract sculptor whose work is characterised by assemblages of metal using ' found' and industrial objects. He began as a member of the modernist school, having worked with ...

and

Reg Butler Reginald Cotterell Butler (28 April 1913 – 23 October 1981) was an English sculptor. He was born at Bridgefoot House, Buntingford, Hertfordshire to Frederick William Butler (1880–1937) and Edith (1880–1969), daughter of blacks ...

. He had his first one-man show there in 1965 at the

Grosvenor Gallery The Grosvenor Gallery was an art gallery in London founded in 1877 by Sir Coutts Lindsay and his wife Blanche. Its first directors were J. Comyns Carr and Charles Hallé. The gallery proved crucial to the Aesthetic Movement because it provid ...

. In 1972, he returned to Israel. On May 8, 2015 Kadishman died at Sheba Medical Center in

Tel Hashomer Tel HaShomer (, ''lit.'' Hill of the Guardsman) or Kiryat Krinitzi is a neighborhood in Ramat Gan, Israel. It borders Kiryat Ono in the north, Yehud in the east, and Or Yehuda in the south. A major Israel Defense Forces base and the Sheba Medical ...

Art career

In the 1960s, Kadishman's sculptures were

Minimalist In visual arts, music, and other media, minimalism is an art movement that began in the post-war era in western art. The movement is often interpreted as a reaction to abstract expressionism and modernism; it anticipated contemporary post-mi ...

in style, and so designed as to appear to defy gravity. This was achieved either through careful balance and construction, as in ''Suspense'' (1966), or by using glass and metal so that the metal appeared unsupported, as in ''Segments'' (1968). The glass allowed the environment to be part of the work. The first major appearance of sheep in his work was at the 1978

Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale ( ; ) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy. There are two main components of the festival, known as the Art Biennale () and the Venice Biennale of Architecture, Architecture Biennale (), ...

, where Kadishman presented a flock of colored live sheep as living art. In 1995, he began painting

portrait A portrait is a painting, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face is always predominant. In arts, a portrait may be represented as half body and even full body. If the subject in full body better r ...

s of sheep by the hundreds, and even thousands, each one different from the next. These instantly-recognizable sheep portraits soon became his artistic "trademark".

Awards and recognition

* 1960 the America-Israel Cultural Foundation Scholarship. * 1961, the Sainsbury Scholarship, London. * 1967 first prize for sculpture, 5th Paris Biennale. * 1978 Sandberg Prize recipient * 1980 America-Israel Cultural Foundation Scholarship Menashe Kadishman
from the Israeli artist list of the Information Center for Israeli Art at the Israel Museum * 1981 Eugene Kolb Prize for Israeli Graphic Arts,

Museum Prize of the Jury * 1981 Norwegian International Print Biennale, Fredrikstad. * 1984 Mendel Pundik Prize for Israeli Art,

Museum * 1990 the

Dizengoff Prize The Dizengoff Prize for Painting and Sculpture is awarded annually by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality since 1937. The prize is named after Meir Dizengoff, the first mayor of Tel Aviv. According to the Tel Aviv municipality, the purpose of the pri ...

for Sculpture. * 1995 the

Israel Prize The Israel Prize (; ''pras israél'') is an award bestowed by the State of Israel, and regarded as the state's highest cultural honor. History Prior to the Israel Prize, the most significant award in the arts was the Dizengoff Prize and in Israel ...

, for sculpture. * 2002 the Honorary Fellowship Award from the Tel Aviv Museum of Art.

Sculptures and public installations

United States

; New York: * 'Suspended', 1977, Storm King Art Center, Mountainville * 'Eight Positive Trees', 1977, Storm King Art Center, Mountainville * 'Sheep', 1979, The Jewish Museum, New York, NY * 'Untitled', 1981, The Jewish Museum, New York, NY * 'Shepherdess', 1984, The Jewish Museum, New York, NY *'The Sacrifice of Isaac', 1985, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, Bronx, NY ; Oklahoma: * 'The Sacrifice of Isaac', 1985, Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art, Norman * 'Negative Tree', 2001, Philbrook Museum of Art, Tulsa * 'Tree #1 (Positive)', 2001, Quartz Mountain Arts & Conference Center, Lone Wolf * 'Tree #2 (Negative)', 2001, Quartz Mountain Arts & Conference Center, Lone Wolf ; Pennsylvania: * 'Three Discs', 1967, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove * 'The Sacrifice of Isaac', 1986, Lehigh University, Bethlehem ; Texas: * 'Segments', 1968, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas * 'The Forest', 1970, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas * 'Om', 1969, University of Houston, Houston

Canada

* 'Three Discs', 1967, High Park, Toronto

Costa Rica

* MADC Museo de Arte y Diseño Contemporáneo, San José

Italy

Morning Light (sheep+ sheep)Fattoria di Celle- Collezione Gori
Pistoia, Italy

Germany

* 'Falling Leaves', Jewish Museum, Berlin * 'Pieta', Dominikanerkloster, Braunschweig * 'Negative Trees', 1974, Wedau Sports Park, Duisburg

Israel

* 1957 "The Dog", Artist Private Collection , 2015 China, Sculptor

Maty Grunberg Maty Grunberg (; born 1943), is an Israeli sculptor and known also for his Artist's book, Artist Books. Biography Maty Grunberg was born in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia, Macedonia, the former Yugoslavia. In the year 1948 M.G. immigrated to Isra ...

, recreating Kadishman "The Dog 1957" in granite stone, under M. Kadishman's instruction * 1960 Tension, Israel Museum, Jerusalem * 1964 Uprise, a heavy steel sculpture near the Theatre and Performing Arts Center stage. Tel Aviv * 1966 In Suspense, Israel Museum, Jerusalem * 1967 In Suspense, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot * 1967-74 The Tree Circles,

* 1975 In Suspense, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv * 1975 In Suspense, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 1977 Circles, The Hebrew University, Har Hatsofim,

* 1979 Continuum,

Weizmann Institute of Science The Weizmann Institute of Science ( ''Machon Weizmann LeMada'') is a Public university, public research university in Rehovot, Israel, established in 1934, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded. Unlike other List of Israeli uni ...

Rehovot Rehovot (, / ) is a city in the Central District (Israel), Central District of Israel, about south of Tel Aviv. In it had a population of . Etymology Israel Belkind, founder of the Bilu (movement), Bilu movement, proposed the name "Rehovot ...

* 1982-1985 Akedat Issac, Tel Aviv Art Museum, Tel Aviv * 1984 - Hill of the Sheep, The Tefen Open Museum of Israeli Art, Galilee * 1985 Akedat Issac, University of Tel, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 1985, Trees Israel Museum Billy Rose Sculpture Art Garden, Jerusalem, Israel * 1989 Birth, The Open Museum of Israeli Art, Galilee * 1990 Trees, Rehavia,

* 1990 Birth, near the Herzliya Museum of Contemporary Art. Herzliya * 1994 Motherland,

Lola Beer Ebner Sculpture Garden The Lola Beer Ebner Sculpture Garden is a sculpture garden at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art. It includes a collection of modern and contemporary sculpture, and other exhibits from the Tel Aviv Museum of Art, displayed on public terraces around the ...

, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 1995 The Family Plaza, The International School for Holocaust Studies, Yad Veshem, Jerusalem * 1998 Scream,

, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 2004 Portrait of Shimon Finkel on the facade of

City Hall * 2006 Memorial monument for the Etzel, Haganah and Lehi underground organizations, Ramat Gan

Japan

* 'Prometheus', 1986–87,

Hara Museum of Contemporary Art The was one of the oldest contemporary art museums in Japan. The museum was in the Kita-Shinagawa district, in the Shinagawa area of Tokyo. The building was originally built as a private mansion designed by Jin Watanabe in 1938 for the grandfa ...

, Tokyo

The Netherlands

* 'Dream', 1993, Buddingh'plein, Dordrecht *‘Sacrifice of Isaac’, Vlaszak, Breda.

United Kingdom

* Tate Britain, London (England) * Hollyfield, Harlow (England)

Private collections (selection)

* Herta & Paul Amir, Los Angeles, USA * Lizi & Zeev Aram, London, UK * Frank Cohen, London, UK * Muriel & Phil Berman, Allentown, USA * Irma & Norman Braman, Miami, USA * Gabi & Ami Brown, Tel Aviv * Nicki & Peter De Swan, Amsterdam, Holland * Pina & Giuliano Gori, Villa Celle, Pistoia, Italy * Rachel & Dov Gottesman, Te- Aviv, Israel * Joseph Hackmey, Tel Aviv, Israel * Ziva & Yoram Lazar, Nairobi, Kenya * Rita & Simon Levit, Tulsa, USA * Hans Mayer, Dusseldorf, Germany *

Nils Seethaler Nils Seethaler (born August 18, 1981, in West Berlin) is a German cultural anthropologist. He researches historical collections of ethnological objects and human remains. Personal life Nils Seethaler was born in Berlin-Lichterfelde and spent hi ...

, Berlin, Germany * Herbert Gerisch, Neumünster, Germany * Romey & Adam Nan, Tel Aviv, Israel * Patsy & Ray Nasher, Dallas, USA * Sue Rowan Pittman, Bushnami Sculpture Garden, Burton, Texas, USA * Teddy Reitman, London, England * Sharon & Fred Stein, New York, USA * Ellen & Jerome Stern, New York, USA * Vera Silvia & Arturo Schwarz, Italy

Other works

* 'Horse' * 'Motherland' * 'Child and Horse' * 'Kissing Birds' * 'Homage to Young Couples' * 'Homage to Barnett Newman' * 'The Flock' * 'Cracked Earth'

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kadishman, Menashe 1932 births 2015 deaths Israeli modern sculptors Jewish Israeli painters Jewish Israeli sculptors Israel Prize in sculpture recipients Sandberg Prize recipients Israeli contemporary artists Artists from Tel Aviv Alumni of Saint Martin's School of Art 20th-century Israeli male artists 21st-century Israeli male artists 20th-century Israeli painters 20th-century Israeli sculptors 21st-century Israeli painters 21st-century Israeli sculptors