Menashe Kadishman (

Hebrew Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...

: מנשה קדישמן; August 21, 1932 – May 8, 2015) was an Israeli

sculptor Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

and

painter Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called the "matrix" or "support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and ai ...

Biography

Menashe Kadishman was born in

Mandate Palestine Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 i ...

in the family of two Zionist (supporters of the state of Israel as the Jewish homeland), Bilha and Ben-Zion Kadishman. His father died when he was 15 years old. He left school to help his mother and provide for the family. From 1947 to 1950, Kadishman studied with the Israeli sculptor Moshe Sternschuss at the

Avni Institute of Art and Design Avni Institute of Art and Design is an Israeli art school located in Tel Aviv. History The Studia school (later Avni Institute) was established in 1936 by a group of Jewish artists. Among the founders was Aharon Avni, who became the school's fir ...

Tel Aviv Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb-Yāfā, links=no), often referred to as just Tel Aviv, is the most populous city in the G ...

, and in 1954 with the Israeli sculptor Rudi Lehmann in

Jerusalem Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...

. In 1950, Kadishman joined the Nahal infantry brigade and he worked as a

shepherd A shepherd or sheepherder is a person who tends, herds, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep. ''Shepherd'' derives from Old English ''sceaphierde (''sceap'' 'sheep' + ''hierde'' 'herder'). ''Shepherding is one of the world's oldest occupations, i ...

Kibbutz A kibbutz ( he, קִבּוּץ / , lit. "gathering, clustering"; plural: kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1909, was Degania. Today, farming h ...

Ma'ayan Baruch for the next three years. This experience with nature, sheep and shepherding had a significant impact on his later artistic work and career. In 1959, Kadishman moved to London to study at

Saint Martin's School of Art Saint Martin's School of Art was an art college in London, England. It offered foundation and degree level courses. It was established in 1854, initially under the aegis of the church of St Martin-in-the-Fields. Saint Martin's became part of t ...

and the

Slade School of Art The UCL Slade School of Fine Art (informally The Slade) is the art school of University College London (UCL) and is based in London, England. It has been ranked as the UK's top art and design educational institution. The school is organised as ...

. In 1959-1960 he also studied with

Anthony Caro Sir Anthony Alfred Caro (8 March 192423 October 2013) was an English abstract sculptor whose work is characterised by assemblages of metal using ' found' industrial objects. His style was of the modernist school, having worked with Henry Moor ...

and

Reg Butler Reginald Cotterell Butler (28 April 1913 – 23 October 1981) was an English sculptor. He was born at Bridgefoot House, Buntingford, Hertfordshire to Frederick William Butler (1880–1937) and Edith (1880–1969), daughter of blacksm ...

. He had his first one-man show there in 1965 at the

Grosvenor Gallery The Grosvenor Gallery was an art gallery in London founded in 1877 by Sir Coutts Lindsay and his wife Blanche. Its first directors were J. Comyns Carr and Charles Hallé. The gallery proved crucial to the Aesthetic Movement because it provided ...

. In 1972, he returned to Israel. On May 8, 2015 Kadishman died at Sheba Medical Center in

Tel Hashomer Tel HaShomer ( he, תֵּל הַשּׁוֹמֵר, ''lit.'' Hill of the Guardsman) or Kiryat Krinitzi is a neighborhood in Ramat Gan, Israel. It is bordered to the north by Kiryat Ono, to the east by Yehud, and to the south by Or Yehuda. A major Isr ...

Art career

In the 1960s, Kadishman's sculptures were

Minimalist In visual arts, music and other media, minimalism is an art movement that began in post–World War II in Western art, most strongly with American visual arts in the 1960s and early 1970s. Prominent artists associated with minimalism include Don ...

in style, and so designed as to appear to defy gravity. This was achieved either through careful balance and construction, as in ''Suspense'' (1966), or by using glass and metal so that the metal appeared unsupported, as in ''Segments'' (1968). The glass allowed the environment to be part of the work. The first major appearance of sheep in his work was at the 1978

Venice Biennale The Venice Biennale (; it, La Biennale di Venezia) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy by the Biennale Foundation. The biennale has been organised every year since 1895, which makes it the oldest of ...

, where Kadishman presented a flock of colored live sheep as living art. In 1995, he began painting

portrait A portrait is a portrait painting, painting, portrait photography, photograph, sculpture, or other artistic representation of a person, in which the face and its expressions are predominant. The intent is to display the likeness, Personality type ...

s of sheep by the hundreds, and even thousands, each one different from the next. These instantly-recognizable sheep portraits soon became his artistic "trademark".

Awards and recognition

* 1960 the America-Israel Cultural Foundation Scholarship. * 1961, the Sainsbury Scholarship, London. * 1967 first prize for sculpture, 5th Paris Biennale. * 1978 Sandberg Prize recipient * 1980 America-Israel Cultural Foundation Scholarship Menashe Kadishman
from the Israeli artist list of the Information Center for Israeli Art at the Israel Museum * 1981 Eugene Kolb Prize for Israeli Graphic Arts,

Museum Prize of the Jury * 1981 Norwegian International Print Biennale, Fredrikstad. * 1984 Mendel Pundik Prize for Israeli Art,

Museum * 1990 the

Dizengoff Prize The Dizengoff Prize for Painting and Sculpture is awarded annually by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Tel Aviv-Yafo ( he, תֵּל־אָבִיב-יָפוֹ, translit=Tēl-ʾĀvīv-Yāfō ; ar, تَلّ أَبِيب – يَافَا, translit=Tall ʾAbīb ...

for Sculpture. * 1995 the

Israel Prize The Israel Prize ( he, פרס ישראל; ''pras israél'') is an award bestowed by the State of Israel, and regarded as the state's highest cultural honor. History The Israel Prize is awarded annually, on Israeli Independence Day, in a state cer ...

, for sculpture. * 2002 the Honorary Fellowship Award from the Tel Aviv Museum of Art.

Sculptures and public installations

United States

; New York: * 'Suspended', 1977, Storm King Art Center, Mountainville * 'Eight Positive Trees', 1977, Storm King Art Center, Mountainville * 'Sheep', 1979, The Jewish Museum, New York, NY * 'Untitled', 1981, The Jewish Museum, New York, NY * 'Shepherdess', 1984, The Jewish Museum, New York, NY *'The Sacrifice of Isaac', 1985, Hebrew Home at Riverdale, Bronx, NY ; Oklahoma: * 'The Sacrifice of Isaac', 1985, Fred Jones Jr. Museum of Art, Norman * 'Negative Tree', 2001, Philbrook Museum of Art, Tulsa * 'Tree #1 (Positive)', 2001, Quartz Mountain Arts & Conference Center, Lone Wolf * 'Tree #2 (Negative)', 2001, Quartz Mountain Arts & Conference Center, Lone Wolf ; Pennsylvania: * 'Three Discs', 1967, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove * 'The Sacrifice of Isaac', 1986, Lehigh University, Bethlehem ; Texas: * 'Segments', 1968, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas * 'The Forest', 1970, Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas * 'Om', 1969, University of Houston, Houston

Canada

* 'Three Discs', 1967, High Park, Toronto

Costa Rica

* MADC Museo de Arte y Diseño Contemporáneo, San José

Italy

Morning Light (sheep+ sheep)Fattoria di Celle- Collezione Gori
Pistoia, Italy

Germany

* 'Falling Leaves', Jewish Museum, Berlin * 'Pieta', Dominikanerkloster, Braunschweig * 'Negative Trees', 1974, Wedau Sports Park, Duisburg

Israel

* 1957 "The Dog", Artist Private Collection , 2015 China, Sculptor

Maty Grunberg Maty Grunberg (Hebrew מתי גרינברג) born 1943, is an Israeli sculptor and known also for his Artist Books. Biography Maty Grunberg was born in Skopje, Macedonia, the former Yugoslavia. In the year 1948 M.G. immigrated to Israel with hi ...

, recreating Kadishman "The Dog 1957" in granite stone, under M. Kadishman's instruction * 1960 Tension, Israel Museum, Jerusalem * 1964 Uprise, a heavy steel sculpture near the Theatre and Performing Arts Center stage. Tel Aviv * 1966 In Suspense, Israel Museum, Jerusalem * 1967 In Suspense, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot * 1967-74 The Tree Circles,

* 1975 In Suspense, University of Tel Aviv, TelAviv * 1975 In Suspense, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 1977 Circles, The Hebrew University, Har Hatsofim,

* 1979 Continuum,

Weizmann Institute of Science The Weizmann Institute of Science ( he, מכון ויצמן למדע ''Machon Vaitzman LeMada'') is a public research university in Rehovot, Israel, established in 1934, 14 years before the State of Israel. It differs from other Israeli unive ...

Rehovot Rehovot ( he, רְחוֹבוֹת ''Rəḥōvōt'', ar, رحوڤوت ''Reḥūfūt'') is a city in the Central District of Israel, about south of Tel Aviv. In it had a population of . Etymology Israel Belkind, founder of the Bilu movement, ...

* 1982-1985 Akedat Issac, Tel Aviv Art Museum, Tel Aviv * 1984 - Hill of the Sheep, The Tefen Open Museum of Israeli Art, Galilee * 1985 Akedat Issac, University of Tel, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 1985, Trees Israel Museum Billy Rose Sculpture Art Garden, Jerusalem, Israel * 1989 Birth, The Open Museum of Israeli Art, Galilee * 1990 Trees, Rehavia,

* 1990 Birth, near the Herzliya Museum of Contemporary Art. Herzliya * 1994 Motherland,

Lola Beer Ebner Sculpture Garden The Lola Beer Ebner Sculpture Garden is a sculpture garden at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art. It includes a collection of modern and contemporary sculpture, and other exhibits from the Tel Aviv Museum of Art, displayed on public terraces around the m ...

, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 1995 The Family Plaza, The International School for Holocaust Studies, Yad Veshem, Jerusalem * 1998 Scream,

, Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Tel Aviv-Yafo * 2004 Portrait of Shimon Finkel on the facade of

City Hall * 2006 Memorial monument for the Etzel, Haganah and Lehi underground organizations, Ramat Gan

Japan

* 'Prometheus', 1986–87,

Hara Museum of Contemporary Art The was one of the oldest contemporary art museums in Japan. The museum was in the Kita-Shinagawa district, in the Shinagawa area of Tokyo. The building was originally built as a private mansion designed by Jin Watanabe in 1938 for the grandfa ...

, Tokyo

The Netherlands

* 'Dream', 1993, Buddingh'plein, Dordrecht *‘Sacrifice of Isaac’, Vlaszak, Breda.

United Kingdom

* Tate Britain, London (England) * Hollyfield, Harlow (England)

Other works

* 'Horse' * 'Motherland' * 'Child and Horse' * 'Kissing Birds' * 'Homage to Young Couples' * 'Homage to Barnett Newman' * 'The Flock' * 'Cracked Earth'

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kadishman, Menashe 1932 births 2015 deaths Modern sculptors Jewish painters Jewish sculptors Israel Prize in sculpture recipients Sandberg Prize recipients Jewish Israeli artists Israeli contemporary artists Artists from Tel Aviv Alumni of Saint Martin's School of Art 20th-century Israeli male artists 21st-century Israeli male artists 20th-century Israeli painters 20th-century Israeli sculptors 21st-century Israeli painters 21st-century Israeli sculptors