Membrane-spanning 4A genes are members of the
CD20-like family
In molecular biology, the CD20-like family of proteins includes the CD20 protein and the beta subunit of the high affinity receptor (biochemistry), receptor for IgE Fc, MS4A2. MS4A2 has a tetrameric protein, tetrameric secondary structure, structur ...
. The MS4A genes are usually organized in a single genomic clusters in mammals, suggestive of
gene duplication
Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is a major mechanism through which new genetic material is generated during molecular evolution. It can be defined as any duplication of a region of DNA that contains a gene. ...
events.
MS4A genes encode a class of four-transmembrane spanning proteins. MS4A genes have been described to act as a specific kind of
olfactory receptor in the necklace
olfactory sensory neurons
An olfactory receptor neuron (ORN), also called an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), is a sensory neuron within the olfactory system.
Structure
Humans have between 10 and 20 million olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). In vertebrates, ORNs are b ...
in mice (
Mus musculus).
[Greer PL, Bear DM, Lassance JM, Bloom ML, Tsukahara T, Pashkovski SL, Masuda FK, Nowlan AC, Kirchner R, Hoekstra HE, et al. 2016. A family of non-GPCR chemosensors defines an alternative logic for mammalian olfaction. Cell. 165:1734–1748]
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.001
In human (''
Homo sapiens
Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...
'') the members of this family include:
*
MS4A1 (better known as "CD20")
*
MS4A2
High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MS4A2'' gene.
Function
The allergic response involves the binding of allergen to receptor-bound IgE followed by cell activation and the rele ...
*
MS4A3
Membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MS4A3'' gene.
This gene encodes a member of the membrane-spanning 4A gene family. Members of this protein family are characterized by common structura ...
*
MS4A4A
*
MS4A4E
*
MS4A5
*
MS4A6A
*
MS4A6E
*
MS4A7
Membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''MS4A7'' gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." m ...
*
MS4A8B
*
MS4A9
*
MS4A10
B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 or CD20 is expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase (CD45R+, CD117+) and progressively increasing in concentration until maturity.
In humans CD20 is encoded by the ''MS4A1'' gene.
This gene ...
*
MS4A12
B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 or CD20 is expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase (CD45R+, CD117+) and progressively increasing in concentration until maturity.
In humans CD20 is encoded by the ''MS4A1'' gene.
This gene ...
*
MS4A13
*
MS4A14
*
MS4A15
*
MS4A18
References
Gene families
{{genetics-stub