Melanopsis Abbreviata
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''Melanopsis'' is a
genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
freshwater snail Freshwater snails are gastropod mollusks which live in fresh water. There are many different families. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs ...
s with a
gill A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...
and an operculum, aquatic
gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...
s in the
family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
Melanopsidae Melanopsidae, common name melanopsids, is a family of freshwater gastropods in the clade Sorbeoconcha. Species in this family are native to southern and eastern Europe, northern Africa, parts of the Middle East, New Zealand, and freshwater strea ...
.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=519395 on 2014-11-10 The genus first appeared in the
Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of th ...
. ''Melanopsis'' is the
type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal f ...
of the family Melanopsidae.


Distribution

These snails are found in southern
Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...
,
North Africa North Africa, or Northern Africa is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Mauritania in ...
,
Asia Minor Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The re ...
,
New Caledonia ) , anthem = "" , image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg , map_alt = Location of New Caledonia , map_caption = Location of New Caledonia , mapsize = 290px , subdivision_type = Sovereign st ...
and
New Zealand New Zealand ( mi, Aotearoa ) is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and over 700 smaller islands. It is the sixth-largest island count ...
. Powell, A.W.B. (1979): ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand.


Description

Their shells are ovate, with a short
spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spires are ...
, and a large elongated
body whorl The body whorl is part of the morphology of the shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk. In gastropods In gastropods, the b ...
. The outer lip of the
aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An opt ...
is thin, but the inner lip has a smooth
parietal callus A parietal callus is a feature of the shell anatomy of some groups of snails, i.e. gastropods. It is a thickened calcareous deposit which may be present on the parietal wall of the aperture of the adult shell. The parietal wall is the margin of ...
, thickened into a pad over the parietal wall.


Species

Species within the genus ''Melanopsis'' include: * † '' Melanopsis aaronsohni'' Blanckenhorn in Blanckenhorn & Oppenheim, 1927 † * † '' Melanopsis abbreviata'' Brusina, 1874 * '' Melanopsis abichi'' Calvert & Neumayr, 1880 * † ''
Melanopsis acanthica ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Neumayr, 1869 * † '' Melanopsis acanthicoides'' Hoernes, 1877 * † ''
Melanopsis acuta ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Handmann, 1882 * † '' Melanopsis aetolica'' Neumayr, 1876 * † '' Melanopsis affinis'' Férussac, 1819 * '' Melanopsis ahuiri'' Ahuir, 2014 * † '' Melanopsis ajkaensis'' Tausch, 1886 * † ''
Melanopsis alutensis ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Stefanescu, 1896 * '' Melanopsis ammonis'' Tristram, 1865 * † '' Melanopsis anceps'' Gaudry & Fischer in Gaudry, 1867 * † '' Melanopsis ancillaroides''Deshayes, 1825 * '' Melanopsis andrussowi'' Brusina, 1885 * † '' Melanopsis angulata'' Neumayr, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis anili'' Taner, 1997 * † '' Melanopsis anistratenkoi'' Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 * † '' Melanopsis antediluviana''(Poiret, 1801) * '' Melanopsis arbalensis'' Pérès, 1939 * † ''
Melanopsis arsinovi ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis astathmeta'' Brusina, 1897 * † ''
Melanopsis astrapaea ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Brusina, 1876 * † '' Melanopsis atanasiui'' Schoverth, 1953 * † '' Melanopsis austriaca'' Handmann, 1882 * † '' Melanopsis avellana'' F. Sandberger, 1870 * † '' Melanopsis balatonensis'' (Cossmann, 1909) * † '' Melanopsis banatica'' Jekelius, 1944 * † '' Melanopsis bandeli'' Schütt, 1988 * † '' Melanopsis barthai'' Bandel, 2000 * † '' Melanopsis bartolinii'' Capellini, 1873 * † '' Melanopsis bergeroni'' Stefanescu, 1896 * † '' Melanopsis bicoronata'' Brusina, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis bleunardi'' Porumbaru, 1881 * † ''
Melanopsis bonelli ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Manzoni, 1870 * † ''
Melanopsis bouei ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Férussac, 1823 * † '' Melanopsis brachyptycha'' Neumayr, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis braueri'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis breastensis'' Stefanescu, 1896 * '' Melanopsis brevicula'' Pallary, 1918 * † '' Melanopsis brongniarti'' Locard, 1883 * † '' Melanopsis brusinai'' Lörenthey, 1902 * ''
Melanopsis buccinoidea ''Melanopsis buccinoidea'' is a species of freshwater snail in the family Melanopsidae. It is native to the Mediterranean Basin, where it occurs in Jordan, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, Cyprus, and southern Turkey. This is a common spec ...
'' (Olivier, 1801) * † '' Melanopsis buccinulum'' Melleville, 1843 * † '' Melanopsis bukovaci'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis camptogramma'' Brusina, 1876 * † '' Melanopsis capreniensis'' Fontannes, 1887 * † '' Melanopsis carasiensis'' Jekelius, 1944 * † '' Melanopsis cari'' Pavlović, 1927 * '' Melanopsis cariosa'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * † '' Melanopsis carusi'' (Brusina, 1902) * † ''
Melanopsis caryota ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Brusina, 1902 * '' Melanopsis cerithiopsis'' * ''
Melanopsis chlorotica ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Pallary, 1921 * † '' Melanopsis cikosi'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis citharella'' Merian, 1849 * † '' Melanopsis clava'' Sandberger, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis clavigera'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † ''
Melanopsis coaequata ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' * † '' Melanopsis cognata'' Brusina, 1878 * † ''
Melanopsis confusa ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...
'' Strausz, 1941 * † '' Melanopsis conoidea'' Pană, 2003 * † '' Melanopsis constricta'' Brusina, 1878 * † '' Melanopsis corici'' Neubauer, Mandic, Harzhauser & Hrvatović, 2013 * † '' Melanopsis coronata'' Brusina, 1878 * † '' Melanopsis correcta'' Stefanescu, 1896 * '' Melanopsis costata'' (Olivier, 1804) * † '' Melanopsis cotrocenensis'' Cobălcescu, 1883 * † '' Melanopsis covurluensis'' Cobălcescu, 1883 * † '' Melanopsis croatica'' Brusina, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis cuisiensis'' Dominici & Kowalke, 2014 * † '' Melanopsis cvijici'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis cylindrica'' (Stoliczka, 1862) * † '' Melanopsis dalmatina'' Brusina, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis decollata'' Stoliczka, 1862 * † '' Melanopsis defensa'' Fuchs, 1870 * † '' Melanopsis delessei'' Tournouër, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis depereti'' Boistel, 1898 * † '' Melanopsis dianaeformis'' Andrusov, 1909 * † '' Melanopsis dichtli'' Handmann, 1882 * † ''
Melanopsis doriae ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http:// ...
'' Issel, 1865 * † '' Melanopsis draghiceniani'' Cobălcescu, 1883 * † '' Melanopsis dufouri'' A. Férussac, 1822 * † '' Melanopsis eleis'' Oppenheim, 1891 * † '' Melanopsis elophila'' Pallary, 1925 * † '' Melanopsis entzi''Brusina, 1902: synonym of †'' Melanopsis fuchsi'' Handmann, 1882 (junior synonym) * † '' Melanopsis esperioides'' Stefanescu, 1896 * '' Melanopsis etrusca'' Brot, 1862 * † '' Melanopsis eulimopsis'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis euphrosinae'' (Cobălcescu, 1883) * † '' Melanopsis eurystoma'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis faberi'' Brusina, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis fallax'' Pantanelli, 1886 * † '' Melanopsis fateljensis'' Neubauer, Mandic & Harzhauser, 2014 * '' Melanopsis ferussaci'' * † '' Melanopsis filifera'' Neumayr, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis fossilis'' (Gmelin, 1791) - late Neogene * † '' Melanopsis freybergi'' Kühn, 1951 * † '' Melanopsis friedeli'' Brusina, 1885 * † '' Melanopsis fritzei'' Thomä, 1845 * '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † '' Melanopsis fuchsi'' Handmann, 1882 * † '' Melanopsis fusulatina'' Sacco, 1895 * † '' Melanopsis gearyae'' Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 * † '' Melanopsis geniculata'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis gersondei'' Willmann, 1981 * † '' Melanopsis glandicula'' Sandberger, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis glaubrechti'' Neubauer & Harzhauser in Neubauer et al., 2015 * † '' Melanopsis gorceixi'' Tournouër, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis graciosa'' Seninski, 1905 * † '' Melanopsis granum'' Calvert & Neumayr, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis guernei'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis handmanniana'' * † '' Melanopsis hantkeni'' Hofmann, 1870 * † '' Melanopsis harpula'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis hastata'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis haueri'' Handmann, 1882 *'' Melanopsis heliophila'' Bourguignat, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis hennersdorfensis'' Fischer, 1993 * † '' Melanopsis hranilovici'' Brusina, 1897 * † '' Melanopsis hybostoma'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis impressa'' Krauss, 1852 * † '' Melanopsis incerta'' Férussac, 1823 * † '' Melanopsis inconstans'' Neumayr, 1869 * † '' Melanopsis inermis'' Handmann, 1882 * † '' Melanopsis inexspectata'' Willmann, 1981 * † '' Melanopsis involuta'' Handmann, 1882 * † '' Melanopsis irregularis'' Handmann, 1882 * '' Melanopsis isabelae'' Ahuir, 2016 * † '' Melanopsis karici'' Pavlović, 1903 * † '' Melanopsis katzeri'' Brusina, 1904 * † '' Melanopsis kleinii'' Kurr, 1856 * † '' Melanopsis klerici'' Brusina, 1893 * † ''
Melanopsis kotschyi ''Melanopsis'' is a genus of freshwater snails with a gill and an operculum, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Melanopsidae.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Melanopsis Férussac, 1807. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http:/ ...
'' Philippi, 1847 * † '' Melanopsis krambergeri'' Brusina, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis kupensis'' Fuchs, 1870 * † '' Melanopsis kurdica'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis laevigata'' (Lamarck, 1792) * † '' Melanopsis lanceolata'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis langhofferi'' Pavlović, 1927† * † Melanopsis lanzaeana Brusina, 1874† * † '' Melanopsis laubrierei'' Carez, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis lebedai'' Lueger, 1980 * † '' Melanopsis lepavinensis'' Brusina, 1897† * '' Melanopsis letourneuxi'' Bourguignat, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis lomnickii'' Wenz, 1928 * † '' Melanopsis longa'' Deshayes in Férussac, 1851 * † '' Melanopsis longirostris'' Pallary, 1920 * '' Melanopsis lorcana'' Guirao, 1854 * † '' Melanopsis lorentheyi'' Andrusov, 1909 * † '' Melanopsis lorioli'' Locard, 1893 * † '' Melanopsis lozanici'' Brusina, 1893 * † '' Melanopsis lucanensis'' Neubauer in Neubauer et al., 2011 * † '' Melanopsis lyrata'' Neumayr, 1869 * † '' Melanopsis macrosculpturata'' Papp, 1953 * † '' Melanopsis magna'' Lubenescu, 1985 * '' Melanopsis magnifica'' Bourguignat, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis magyari'' Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 * † '' Melanopsis major'' Férussac, 1823 * † '' Melanopsis mariei'' Crosse, 1869 * † ''Melanopsis medinae'' Neubauer, Mandic, Harzhauser & Hrvatović, 2013 (unaccepted, junior synonym) * † '' Melanopsis metochiana'' Pavlović, 1932 * † '' Melanopsis minotauri'' Willmann, 1980 * † '' Melanopsis mitraeformis'' Andrusov, 1909 * † '' Melanopsis moesiensis'' Jekelius, 1944 * † '' Melanopsis mojsisovicsi'' (Neumayr, 1880) * '' Melanopsis mourebeyensis'' Pallary, 1921 * † '' Melanopsis multiformis'' * † '' Melanopsis narzolina'' d'Archiac in Viquesnel, 1846 * † '' Melanopsis nesici'' Brusina, 1893 * † '' Melanopsis neumayri'' Tournouër, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis nobilis'' Seninski, 1905 * † '' Melanopsis obediensis'' * † '' Melanopsis obsoleta'' Fuchs, 1873 * † '' Melanopsis ogerieni'' Locard, 1883 * † '' Melanopsis olivula'' Grateloup, 1838 * † '' Melanopsis oltszakadatensis'' Halaváts, 1914 * † '' Melanopsis onusta'' Stefanescu, 1896 * † '' Melanopsis onychia'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis orientalis'' Bukowski, 1892 * † '' Melanopsis oroposi'' Papp, 1979 * † '' Melanopsis ovosimilis'' Willmann, 1981 * † '' Melanopsis ovularis'' Watelet, 1853 * † '' Melanopsis oxycantha'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis pachecoi'' Royo Gómez, 1922 * † '' Melanopsis papkesiensis'' Bandel, 2000 * † '' Melanopsis paradoxa'' (Brusina, 1892) * '' Melanopsis parreyssii'' (Philippi, 1847) - synonym: ''Melanopsis hungarica'' Kormos, 1904 * † '' Melanopsis paulovici'' Bourguignat, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis pavlovici'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis pedemontana'' Sacco, 1889 * † '' Melanopsis pentagona'' Brusina, 1892 * † '' Melanopsis pergamena'' Calvert & Neumayr, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis petkovici'' Pavlović, 1931 * '' Melanopsis pechinati'' Bourguignat, 1868 * † '' Melanopsis petrovici'' Brusina, 1893 * † '' Melanopsis pleuroplagia'' (Bourguignat, 1880) * † '' Melanopsis pleurotomoides'' Pavlović, 1927 * † '' Melanopsis plicatella'' Neumayr, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis plicatula'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis porumbari'' Porumbaru, 1881 * † '' Melanopsis posterior'' Papp, 1953 * † '' Melanopsis praecursor'' Schütt in Schütt & Ortal, 1993 * ''
Melanopsis praemorsa ''Melanopsis praemorsa'' is a species of freshwater snail in the family Melanopsidae Melanopsidae, common name melanopsids, is a family of freshwater gastropods in the clade Sorbeoconcha. Species in this family are native to southern and eas ...
'' (Linnaeus, 1758) - type species"Species in genus ''Melanopsis''
(n=5). AnimalBase, accessed 26 June 2011.
* † '' Melanopsis protopygmaea'' Halaváts, 1914 * † '' Melanopsis pseudoaustriaca'' Sauerzopf, 1952 * † '' Melanopsis pseudobesa'' Bandel, 2000 * † '' Melanopsis pseudocostata'' Oppenheim, 1891 * † '' Melanopsis pseudoimpressa'' * † '' Melanopsis pseudopygmaea'' Jekelius, 1944 * † '' Melanopsis pseudoscalaria'' Sandberger, 1886 * † '' Melanopsis pterochila'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis pumila'' (Brusina, 1902) * † '' Melanopsis pusilla'' Handmann, 1882 * † '' Melanopsis pygmaea'' Hörnes, 1856 * † '' Melanopsis pyrum'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis rarinodosa'' (Brusina, 1892) * † '' Melanopsis recurrens'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis retusa'' Brusina, 1904 * † '' Melanopsis revelata'' Pallary, 1920 * † '' Melanopsis rhodanica'' Locard, 1883† * '' Melanopsis rifi'' Ahuir, 2014 * † '' Melanopsis rudis'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis rumana'' Tournouër, 1880 * † '' Melanopsis sabolici'' Brusina, 1902 * '' Melanopsis saharica'' Bourguignat, 1864 * † '' Melanopsis salamei'' Alhejoj & Bandel, 2013 * † '' Melanopsis sandbergeri'' Neumayr, 1869 * '' Melanopsis saulcyi'' Bourguignat, 1853 * † '' Melanopsis scalariformis'' Papp, 1953 * '' Melanopsis scalaris'' Gassies, 1856 * † '' Melanopsis scansoria'' Stefanescu, 1896 * † '' Melanopsis scripta'' Fuchs, 1870 * † '' Melanopsis senatoria'' Handmann, 1887 * † '' Melanopsis seninskii'' Wenz, 1928 * † '' Melanopsis serbica'' Brusina, 1893 * † '' Melanopsis serchensis'' Vidal, 1874 - from
Maastrichtian The Maastrichtian () is, in the ICS geologic timescale, the latest age (uppermost stage) of the Late Cretaceous Epoch or Upper Cretaceous Series, the Cretaceous Period or System, and of the Mesozoic Era or Erathem. It spanned the interval from ...
Bandel K. (2006). "Families of the Cerithioidea and related superfamilies (Palaeo-Caenogastropoda; Mollusca) from the Triassic to the Recent characterized by protoconch morphology - including the description of new taxa". ''
Freiberger Forschungshefte The Freiberger, also known as Franches-Montagnes, is a horse breed from Switzerland, from the Jura region, described as either a "heavy warmblood" or a "light coldblood". It was widely used as draft and pack horse in the Swiss army. It has ...
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* '' Melanopsis sharhabili'' Bandel, 2000 * † '' Melanopsis simulata'' Pallary, 1925 * † '' Melanopsis sinjana'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis sinzowi'' Brusina, 1885 * † '' Melanopsis slavonica'' Neumayr in Neumayr & Paul, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis soceni'' Jekelius, 1944 * † '' Melanopsis sodalis'' Deshayes, 1862 * † '' Melanopsis soldaniana'' Pantanelli, 1879 * † '' Melanopsis sostarici'' Brusina, 1897 * † '' Melanopsis soubeirani'' Porumbaru, 1881 * † '' Melanopsis spinicostata'' Rolle, 1860 * † '' Melanopsis spinigera'' Seninski, 1905 * † '' Melanopsis spiridioni'' Pallary, 1916 * † '' Melanopsis sporadum'' Tournouër, 1876 * † '' Melanopsis strangulata'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis striata'' Handmann, 1887 * † '' Melanopsis stricturata'' Brusina, 1892 * † ''Melanopsis sturi'' (unaccepted, rank changed) * '' Melanopsis suarezi'' Ahuir, 2016 * † '' Melanopsis subangulosa'' Sandberger, 1875 * † '' Melanopsis subbuccinoides'' d'Orbigny, 1851 * '' Melanopsis subgraëllsiana'' Bourguignat, 1864 * † '' Melanopsis subpraerosa'' Andrusov, 1909 * † '' Melanopsis subpyrum'' Penecke, 1886 * † '' Melanopsis substricturata'' (Jekelius, 1944) * † '' Melanopsis suskalovici'' Pavlović, 1903 * † '' Melanopsis synaniae'' Esu & Girotti, 2015 * † '' Melanopsis tenuiplicata'' Neumayr, 1880 * † ''Melanopsis tihanyensis'' (unaccepted, junior synonym) * † '' Melanopsis timacensis'' Živković, 1893 * † '' Melanopsis tinnyensis'' Wenz, 1919 * † '' Melanopsis tortispina'' Papp, 1953 * '' Melanopsis tricarinata'' (Bruguière, 1789) * † '' Melanopsis trivortiana'' Locard, 1883 * † '' Melanopsis trojana'' Hoernes, 1877 * † '' Melanopsis trstenjaki'' Brusina, 1884 * † '' Melanopsis tuberculata'' Pavlović, 1927 * '' Melanopsis turgida'' Pallary, 1927 * † '' Melanopsis turislavica'' Jekelius, 1944 * † '' Melanopsis turriformis'' * † '' Melanopsis valdeci'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis vandeveldi'' Bukowski, 1892 * † '' Melanopsis varicosa'' Handmann, 1882 * † '' Melanopsis vilicici'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis vindobonensis'' Fuchs, 1870 * † '' Melanopsis viquesneli'' Pavlović, 1932 * † '' Melanopsis visianiana'' Brusina, 1874 * † '' Melanopsis vitalisi'' Strausz, 1942 * † '' Melanopsis vitezovici'' Brusina, 1902 * † '' Melanopsis vitzoui'' Porumbaru, 1881 * † '' Melanopsis vrcinensis'' Neubauer, Harzhauser, Georgopoulou, Mandic & Kroh, 2014 * '' Melanopsis wagneri'' * † '' Melanopsis wilhelmi'' Esu & Girotti, 2015 * † '' Melanopsis wolfgangfischeri'' Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 * † '' Melanopsis zitteli'' Neumayr, 1869 * † '' Melanopsis zujovici'' Brusina, 1893 (Extinct taxa indicated by a
dagger A dagger is a fighting knife with a very sharp point and usually two sharp edges, typically designed or capable of being used as a thrusting or stabbing weapon.State v. Martin, 633 S.W.2d 80 (Mo. 1982): This is the dictionary or popular-use de ...
, †.) ; Species brought into synonymy: * † ''Melanopsis abbreviata cosmanni'' Pallary, 1916: synonym of † ''Melanopsis abbreviata cossmanni'' Pallary, 1916 * † ''Melanopsis acanthicoides'' var. ''abichi'' Calvert & Neumayr, 1880: synonym of † ''Melanopsis abichi'' Calvert & Neumayr, 1880 * † ''Melanopsis acanthicoides'' var. ''pergamenica'' Calvert & Neumayr, 1880: synonym of † '' Melanopsis pergamena'' Calvert & Neumayr, 1880 * † ''Melanopsis acanthicoides'' var. ''trojana'' Hoernes, 1877: synonym of † '' Melanopsis trojana'' Hoernes, 1877 * ''Melanopsis aperta'' Gassies, 1863: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis aurantiaca'' Gassies, 1874: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † ''Melanopsis austriaca'' var. ''serbica'' Brusina, 1902: synonym of † ''Melanopsis haueri ripanjensis'' Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 * ''Melanopsis brevis'' Morelet, 1857: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis brotiana'' Gassies, 1874: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † ''Melanopsis callosa'' var. ''curta'' Locard, 1893: synonym of † ''Melanopsis kleinii kleinii'' Kurr, 1856 * ''Melanopsis carinata'' Gassies, 1863: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis curta'' Gassies, 1870: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † ''Melanopsis cylindrica petrovici'' (Brusina, 1893): synonym of † '' Melanopsis petrovici'' Brusina, 1893 * ''Melanopsis dumbeensis'' Crosse, 1869: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis elegans'' Gassies, 1869: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis elongata'' Gassies, 1874: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis esperi'' Férussac, 1823: synonym of ''
Esperiana esperi ''Esperiana esperi'' is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Melanopsidae. Glöer P. (2002). ''Die Süßwassergastropoden Nord- und Mitteleuropas''. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, ConchBooks ...
'' (Férussac, 1823) * ''Melanopsis fasciata'' Gassies, 1874: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis fragilis'' Gassies, 1874: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † ''Melanopsis fossilis'' var. ''accedens'' Handmann, 1887: synonym of † '' Melanopsis fossilis'' (Gmelin, 1791) * † ''Melanopsis fossilis'' var. ''propinqua'' Handmann, 1887: synonym of † '' Melanopsis fossilis'' (Gmelin, 1791) * † ''Melanopsis fossilis'' var. ''proclivis'' Handmann, 1887: synonym of † '' Melanopsis fossilis'' (Gmelin, 1791) * † ''Melanopsis fossilis rugosa'' Handmann, 1887: synonym of † '' Melanopsis wolfgangfischeri'' Neubauer, Harzhauser, Kroh, Georgopoulou & Mandic, 2014 * ''Melanopsis fulgurans'' Gassies, 1859: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis fulminata'' Brot, 1879: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis fusca'' Gassies, 1870: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis fusiformis'' Gassies, 1870: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis gassiesiana'' Crosse, 1867: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † ''Melanopsis harpula capreniensis'' Fontannes, 1887: synonym of † '' Melanopsis capreniensis'' Fontannes, 1887 * † ''Melanopsis impressa bonellii'' Manzoni, 1870: synonym of † '' Melanopsis bonellii'' Manzoni, 1870 * ''Melanopsis lamberti'' Souverbie, 1872: synonym of '' Melanopsis mariei'' Crosse, 1869 * ''Melanopsis lentiginosa'' Reeve, 1860: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis lineolata'' Gassies, 1857: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis lirata'' Gassies, 1869: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis livida'' Gassies, 1863: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis neritoides'' Gassies, 1859: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis retoutiana'' Gassies, 1863: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis robusta'' Gassies, 1870: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † ''Melanopsis rumana'' var. ''correcta'' Stefanescu, 1896: synonym of † '' Melanopsis correcta'' Stefanescu, 1896 * † ''Melanopsis sandbergeri correcta'' Stefanescu, 1896: synonym of † '' Melanopsis correcta'' Stefanescu, 1896 * ''Melanopsis souverbieana'' Gassies, 1870: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis trifasciata'' Gray, 1843: synonym of '' Zemelanopsis trifasciata'' (Gray, 1843) * ''Melanopsis variegata'' Morelet, 1857: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * ''Melanopsis zonites'' Gassies, 1870: synonym of '' Melanopsis frustulum'' Morelet, 1857 * † ''Melanopsis (Canthidomus) bouei'' var. ''megacantha'' Handmann, 1887: synonym of † ''Melanopsis bouei megacantha'' Handmann, 1887 * † ''Melanopsis (Canthidomus) bouei'' var. ''monacantha'' Handmann, 1887: synonym of † ''Melanopsis bouei bouei'' Férussac, 1823 * † ''Melanopsis (Canthidomus) bouei'' var. ''multicostata'' Handmann, 1887: synonym of † ''Melanopsis bouei multicostata'' Handmann, 1887 * † ''Melanopsis (Canthidomus) defensa elongata'' Gillet & Marinescu, 1971: synonym of † ''Melanopsis defensa defensa'' Fuchs, 1870


References


External links


Férussac, J.B.L. d'Audebard de, Férussac, A.E.J.P.J.F.d'Audebard de. (1807). Essai d'une méthode conchyliologique appliquée aux mollusques fluviatiles et terrestres d'après la considération de l'animal et de son test. Nouvelle édition augmentée d'une synonymie des espèces les plus remarquables, d'une table de concordance systématique de celles qui ont été décrites par Géoffroy, Poiret et Draparnaud, avec Müller et Linné, et terminée par un catalogue d'espèces observées en divers lieux de la France. Delance, Paris. xvi + 142 pp

Neumayr, M. (1880). Tertiäre Binnenmollusken aus Bosnien und der Hercegovina. Jahrbuch der kaiserlichen und königlichen geologischen Reichsanstalt. 30 (2), 463-486
{{Taxonbar, from=Q5226369 Melanopsidae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot