Meier "Maks" Eidelheit (6 July 1910 – March 1943) was a

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...

mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change. History On ...

belonging to the

Lwów School of Mathematics The Lwów school of mathematics ( pl, lwowska szkoła matematyczna) was a group of Polish mathematicians who worked in the interwar period in Lwów, Poland (since 1945 Lviv, Ukraine). The mathematicians often met at the famous Scottish Café t ...

who worked in

Lwów Lviv ( uk, Львів) is the largest city in western Ukraine, and the seventh-largest in Ukraine, with a population of . It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine ...

and was murdered in the

Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; a ...

Biography

Meier Eidelheit left the Lwów Gymnasium in 1929 and then studied mathematics at the scientific faculty in

, completing his study in 1933 with a thesis on the theory of

summation In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of any kind of numbers, called ''addends'' or ''summands''; the result is their ''sum'' or ''total''. Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions, vectors, mat ...

. In 1938, with

Stefan Banach Stefan Banach ( ; 30 March 1892 – 31 August 1945) was a Polish mathematician who is generally considered one of the 20th century's most important and influential mathematicians. He was the founder of modern functional analysis, and an original ...

as supervisor, he gained a

doctorate A doctorate (from Latin ''docere'', "to teach"), doctor's degree (from Latin ''doctor'', "teacher"), or doctoral degree is an academic degree awarded by universities and some other educational institutions, derived from the ancient formalism ''l ...

from the Jan-Kazimierz-

University of Lwów The University of Lviv ( uk, Львівський університет, Lvivskyi universytet; pl, Uniwersytet Lwowski; german: Universität Lemberg, briefly known as the ''Theresianum'' in the early 19th century), presently the Ivan Franko Na ...

with a Dissertation ''über die Auflösbarkeit eines linearen Gleichungssystems mit unendlich vielen Unbekannten''. From 1933 to 1939 he gave private lectures; from 31 January 1939 onwards he was an Assistant Professor of

Analysis Analysis ( : analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle (38 ...

, from 21 March 1941 he was candidate for a professorship. He worked mainly on

Functional analysis Functional analysis is a branch of mathematical analysis, the core of which is formed by the study of vector spaces endowed with some kind of limit-related structure (e.g. Inner product space#Definition, inner product, Norm (mathematics)#Defini ...

. On the basis of his 1936 paper on

convex set In geometry, a subset of a Euclidean space, or more generally an affine space over the reals, is convex if, given any two points in the subset, the subset contains the whole line segment that joins them. Equivalently, a convex set or a convex r ...

s in linear

normed space In mathematics, a normed vector space or normed space is a vector space over the real or complex numbers, on which a norm is defined. A norm is the formalization and the generalization to real vector spaces of the intuitive notion of "length" i ...

s, geometric versions of the

hyperplane separation theorem In geometry, the hyperplane separation theorem is a theorem about disjoint convex sets in ''n''-dimensional Euclidean space. There are several rather similar versions. In one version of the theorem, if both these sets are closed and at least on ...

are also known (in German) as ''Trennungssatz von Eidelheit'' (Eidelheit separation theorem). A theorem on the solubility of certain infinite systems of equations in Fréchet spaces is also named after him. Eidelheit published six papers in ''

Studia Mathematica ''Studia Mathematica'' is a triannual peer-reviewed scientific journal of mathematics published by the Polish Academy of Sciences. Papers are written in English, French, German, or Russian, primarily covering functional analysis, abstract methods ...

'' from 1936 to 1940; a seventh was printed posthumously. Eidelheit was an active contributor to the '' Scottish Book'', posing problems 172, 173, 174, 176 and 188 and answering problem 26 ( Mazur), 64 (Mazur), 162 ( Steinhaus), and 176 (Eidelheit). Meier Eidelheit was murdered in the

in March 1943. His posthumously published article ''Quelques remarques sur les fonctionelles linéaires'' in volume 10 of the

was prefaced with the following lines: "L’auteur de ce travail a été assassiné par les Allemands en mars de 1943. Le manuscrit qu’il fut parvenir à la Rédaction en 1941 a été retrouvé récemment entre les papiers laissés par S. Banach." (in English: The author of this work was murdered in March 1943 by the Germans. The manuscript, which reached the editors in 1941, was recently found among the writings left by S. Banach.)

References

* in History of Mathematics, "Polish mathematics in the first half of the twentieth century", 23–27 May 2011,

Będlewo Będlewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stęszew, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately south of Stęszew and south-west of the regional capital Poznań. It is th ...

, Poland (paper in preparation as per). *

Notes

{{DEFAULTSORT:Eidelheit, Meier 1910 births 1943 deaths 20th-century Polish mathematicians Scientists from Lviv Polish people who died in the Holocaust Functional analysts

Biography

See also

References

Notes