Meidling

Meidling () is the 12th district of Vienna (german: 12. Bezirk, Meidling). It is located just southwest of the central districts, south of the Wienfluss, west of the Gürtel belt, and east and southeast of Schönbrunn palace. Meidling is a heavily populated urban area with many residential buildings, but also large recreational areas and parks.
Vienna Districts data, wien.gv.at, 2008, webpage:

wien.gv.at-portraets08-PDF
.
Wien.gv.at webpage (see below: References).

In sports, it is represented by the FC Dynamo Meidling. Former Chancellor of Austria Sebastian Kurz was raised in Meidling and his private residence is there.

Geography

Location

The 12th District lies in southwest Vienna, about 5–10 km (3–6 mi) from the Innere Stadt. It stretches from Wiental south of the Vienna River in the region between the Wienerberg hill in the 10th District and the Grünen Berg hill, of Schönbrunn Castle in the 13th District.

District parts

The former suburb, after which the "Meidlinger L" of the South-Vienna dialect is named, consists of two parts:
* a heavily developed workers section, closer to the downtown area (Obermeidling, Untermeidling and Gaudenzdorf);
* and a loose joint area (and Altmannsdorf Hetzendorf), to the southwest. The latter is a mixed industrial and residential area to the Valley of the Liesing, where the compound structure of the 23rd District continues. In between, are the foothills of the mountain with its Viennese geologically young beach terraces and brick pits.

Besides the '' Katastralgemeinden'' of Altmannsdorf, Gaudenzdorf, Hetzendorf and Meidling (Obermeidling and Untermeidling), there are also small areas of the ''Katastralgemeinden'' Atzgersdorf, Inzersdorf and Inzersdorf City in the Meidlinger district area.

A breakdown of the district area is also in the Zählbezirken official statistics, in which the municipality Zählsprengel combined. The eleven census-districts in Meidling are: Gaudenzdorf, Fuchsenfeld, Meidlinger Friedhof, Wilhelmsdorf, Meidlinger Hauptstraße, Tivoligasse, Gatterhölzl, Oswaldgasse, Am Schöpfwerk, Altmannsdorf und Hetzendorf. Despite partial name similarity, the boundaries of the census-districts do not match those of each Katastralgemeinde.

Land use

The developed area of Meidling includes 54.3% (33.3% Vienna-wide) of the area of the district. The space itself is distributed as 69.0% to 9.7%, for residential areas versus total area of cultural, religious, or sports venues (devoted to public purposes). This relatively high figure is compared to one for a Viennese township as a very low proportion of farmland (4.3% of the area to be developed).

Greenspace in Hietzing takes in a share of 18.2%.
The proportion of traffic areas in the district region is, with 27.5%, typical for central Vienna.
Magistratsabteilung 5 (MA5): Nutzungsarten nach Bezirken
:
data in columns with German labels: Insgesamt=815,6 Bau=443,1
Wohn=305,8 Sport=43,1 Gruen=148,3 Gewaesser=none Verkehr=224,2.
So, within builtspace(Bau) %residences=305.8/443.1 = 69.0%,
and the %public(Sport)=43.1/443.1 = 9.7%. Then for the whole
area, %transport=Verkehr/Insgesamt=224.2/815.6 = 27.5%.

History

Meidling, as a district of Vienna, was founded in 1892. It consists of five former villages: Obermeidling, Untermeidling, Gaudenzdorf, Hetzendorf and Altmannsdorf. Obermeidling and Untermeidling were one village called Meidling until 1806, when they were divided. Altmannsdorf still has its rural character.

The place Altmannsdorf was mentioned for the first time in 1314 and had a rural character for a long time. In 1190 was the first written mention of Hetzendorf, after which Henricus von Hetzendorf received it as a feudal village. Later, it came into possession of the Klosterneuburg Abbey and the German Knights Order. In the 18th century, the site developed into a residential colony.

The settlement at Meidling had been documented under the name "Murlingen" since the year 1104. Originally, the area belonged as a large part of the Klosterneuburg Abbey. In the Middle Ages, mainly farms and vineyards were operated in Meidling.

In 1755, a sulphurous source was discovered, whereupon the area and Theresienbad became a popular destination for the Viennese. At the end of the 18th century, more and more industry established itself, changing the character of the place totally. This led in 1806, to the division of the community, already quite large, into Obermeidling (upper) and Untermeidling (lower). In Untermeidling, a separate settlement developed on the former brickworks site, which was detached in 1846 under the name Wilhelmsdorf. In 1819, the suburb Gaudenzdorf had emerged along the current Vienna Belt, in which, because of the situation in Vienna, numerous dyers, tanners and launderers settled.

On 1 January 1892, all these communities were united to the 12th Viennese community district, Meidling. As a consequence, it became a typical worker district. In the area of the Vienna Belt, many community buildings emerged in the 1920s. The zones of Hetzendorf and Altmannsdorf remained rurally stamped to be sure, but expanded dwelling plants emerged there also, after the Second World War.

Population

Population development

In 1869, the current area covered by the Meidling district consisted of only about 31,000 inhabitants. By the 1892 incorporation, the population had already doubled, through the continuous influx of people to Vienna and the surrounding community. The population growth continued until the beginning of the Great War, so the district, in 1910, contained 106.531 inhabitants. After a slight decline after the First World War, the district reached 109,538 inhabitants in 1934, as its highest population. As a result, the population figures stabilized, after a brief recovery during the 1960s, in the 1980s at a value of just under 80,000 inhabitants. Only after the turn of the millennium, did the district population in Vienna citywide trend to grow. At the beginning of 2007, the population stood at 85,099 people.

Population structure

The age of the population of Meidlinger in 2001, compared to Vienna citywide, was roughly average. The percentage of children under 15 years was 14.8% in the total area (Vienna: 14.7%). Also, the percentage of the population from 15 to 59 years stood at 63.0% (Vienna: 63.6%), in the average range. The number of people aged 60 or more, in 2007, was 18,662 or 21.7% (Vienna: 21.7%). The gender distribution in the district area was 47.9% men and 52.1% women.
The number of Meidlingers married was a share of 40.7%, compared to Vienna's 41.2%, only slightly below the average of Vienna.
Statistik Austria (Volkszählung 2001), PDF files:

A1601-PDF

A0001-PDF

Origin and language

The proportion of foreign district residents in 2005 was 20.2% (Vienna: 18.7%), and points to 2001 (16.5%) as in the entire state a rising trend. The highest proportion of foreigners in 2005 represented approximately 5.7% share of the district population nationals from Serbia and Montenegro. Other 3.1% were Turkish, Bosnian 1.5%, 1.4% Somali and 1.2% Croatian citizens. 24.4% of the population of Meidling in 2001 weren't born in Austria. 7.7% of the inhabitants could speak Serbian, 5.9% Turkish and 2.7% Croatian.

Religious preferences

The religion of the population in the Meidling district in 2001 largely on average, of Vienna, although the proportion of residents with the Roman Catholic confession with just under 47.0% above the community average of 49.2% was. There are eight in the municipality of Roman Catholic parishes, the city Deanery 12 images. On the other hand, the proportion of people with Islamic beliefs with 9.5% and the proportion of population with Orthodox confession with 7.2% above the average. The percentage of Protestant believers stood at 4.1%, 25.8% belonged to any religious community. Other 6.4% had no religion or another confession given,

Politics

As a working-class district, Meidling is politically traditionally dominated by the SPÖ, which since 1946 determines the governor throughout the district. Often the SPÖ in Meidling has also reached the absolute majority of votes. The ÖVP was in Meidling, from 1946, the second strongest party. Only in 1991, did the ÖVP in rising outstrip the FPÖ, and in 1996, after a gain of 8.5%, the FPÖ broke the absolute majority of votes of the SPÖ. However, the FPÖ lost all of their gains at the elections, in 2001, and even fell below the results of 1991. This decline continued in 2005, although to a lesser extent. Barely, the FPÖ remained ahead of the ÖVP, and like the FPÖ reached 15.5%. The SPÖ in 2005 regained the absolute majority of votes. The Greens, who from 1991 to 2005, grew continuously in votes, by 2005, were only just behind FPÖ and ÖVP.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Meidling district consists of five parts. The heart sign in the center represents the district-part of Untermeidling. It shows the growing waves nymph with silver, blue decorated cans. It would therefore emphasize the importance of the Vienna River and the springs out of the area. Below is a rectangular, Roman altar stone, the 1853 has been found. The upper left part shows the coat of arms of St. John of Nepomuk, the patron saint of the parish church as represents the district part Gaudenzdorf. He faces a silvery blue bridge on foot. Since John Nepomuk is the patron saint against floods, he suggests to the threat of the area before the river from Vienna. The right upper part of coat of arms is part of the district Hetzendorf and shows the cross of the Teutonic Order. This was the basic rule of the territory from 1456 inne. The lower left part of the coat of arms is part of the district Obermeidling. It shows in the upper part of a golden wheel as a symbol of the former mills situated here. Below is a green hill with the symbol of the Crescent and a golden star for the six former importance of viticulture. The lower right part is finally Crest for the District of part Altmannsdorf. It shows a black raven with a golden ring in its beak. He is the King Oswald's courting of England, the patron saint of parish Altmannsdorfer. The coat of arms of Altmannsdorf can also be found at the house Khleslplatz 2, this coat of arms has been weather battered.

Dialect

The " Meidlinger L" is a specialty of the German working-class dialect spoken in Vienna (see Viennese German). It refers to the letter "l" spoken as "dl" (as in Meidling, hence the name) in some variants of the Viennese dialect. Some believe that this feature of the dialect has its origin in Czech, where the 'l' sometimes sounds similar, e.g. in the past tense.

Arts and culture

Sights

Sacred buildings

* Hetzendorf Church ( "Church of the Rosary"), neuromanisch with three paintings by Ernst Fuchs
* Hölzl Gate Church, an unusual round of Ladislav Hruska (1959)
* Altmannsdorfer Church on Khleslplatz, the oldest church in Meidling (1838/39)
* Immaculate Conception Church (1949–53) by Helene Koller Book Wieser and Hans Stein Eder
* The name of Jesus Church (1950) by Josef Vytiska
* Monastery Church of the Cross Sisters in Murlingengasse
* Marianneum in Hetzendorf
* Meidlinger Pfarrkirche St. John of Nepomuk, Migazziplatz
* Maria Lourdes in the Haschkagasse
* Am Schöpfwerk Church
* Church of the Way, Protestant parish Hetzendorf
* Schieferlkreuz
* William Dorfer Chapel
* Anne Chapel, also known as Chapel Sageder

Castles and villas

* Castle Altmannsdorf ('' Schloss Altmannsdorf'') – houses the Renner Institute, a training center of the SPÖ
* Castle Hetzendorf (''Schloss Hetzendorf'') – houses the Fashion School of the City of Vienna
* Springer Schlössl – now a hotel of the ÖVP seminar, was built in 1887 by the contractors of Fellner and Helmer.

Large public buildings

* Vienna rail station Meidling ('' Bahnhof Wien Meidling'')
* Meidlinger Train barracks (''Meidlinger Trainkaserne

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