''Megalolamna'' is an extinct
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
lamniform shark
Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimo ...
that belongs to the family
Otodontidae
Otodontidae is an extinct family of sharks belonging to the order Lamniformes. Its members have been described as megatoothed sharks. They lived from the Early Cretaceous to the Pliocene, and included genera such as ''Carcharocles'' and ''Otodus ...
. Its name comes from the similarity of its teeth to those of the extant shark genus ''
Lamna
''Lamna'' is a genus of mackerel sharks in the family Lamnidae, containing two extant species: the porbeagle (''L. nasus'') of the North Atlantic and Southern Hemisphere, and the salmon shark (''L. ditropis'') of the North Pacific.
Endothermy
T ...
.'' It is known from the early Miocene
Chilcatay Formation of
Peru
, image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg
, image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg
, other_symbol = Great Seal of the State
, other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal
, national_motto = "Fi ...
,
Oi and
O'oshimojo Formations of
Japan
Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...
, and the
Jewett Sand Formation
The Jewett Sand Formation is a geologic formation in California, USA. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene Epoch of the Neogene period.
Vertebrates
Cartilaginous fishes
Sharks
200px, Fossil teeth of ''C. hastalis''
*''†Alopias ...
of
California
California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...
and
Pungo River Formation,
North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...
in the United States, implying a cosmopolitan distribution. The largest specimen is estimated to have measured about long.
Taxonomy
It is considered to be the
sister genus of ''
Otodus
''Otodus'' is an extinct genus of mackerel shark which lived from the Paleocene to the Pliocene epoch. The name ''Otodus'' comes from Ancient Greek (, meaning "ear") and (, meaning "tooth") – thus, "ear-shaped tooth".
Anatomy
This shark is k ...
''. The study of ''Megalolamna''
's taxonomic relationships also demonstrates the possibility that ''Otodus'' needs to include the species sometimes assigned to ''
Carcharocles
''Otodus'' is an extinct genus of mackerel shark which lived from the Paleocene to the Pliocene epoch. The name ''Otodus'' comes from Ancient Greek (, meaning "ear") and (, meaning "tooth") – thus, "ear-shaped tooth".
Anatomy
This shark is k ...
'' (i.e., the megatoothed lineage, including
megalodon
Megalodon (''Otodus megalodon''), meaning "big tooth", is an extinct species of mackerel shark that lived approximately 23 to 3.6 million years ago (Mya), from the Early Miocene to the Pliocene epochs. It was formerly thought to be a member ...
) in order to be
monophyletic
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...
.
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q27092801
Otodontidae
Prehistoric marine animals
Miocene fish of Asia
Fossils of Japan
Miocene fish of North America
Neogene California
Fossils of North Carolina
Prehistoric fish of South America
Miocene animals of South America
Neogene Peru
Fossils of Peru
Fossil taxa described in 2016