The Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation ( tr, Makina ve Kimya Endüstrisi or MKE for short), established in 1950, is a reorganization of government-controlled group of factories in
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
that supplied the
Turkish Armed Forces
The Turkish Armed Forces (TAF; tr, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, TSK) are the military forces of the Republic of Turkey. Turkish Armed Forces consist of the General Staff, the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Forces. The current Chi ...
with military products.
History
Its roots lie in the "Tophane-i Amire" ("Royal Arsenal") built in the latter part of the 15th Century to supply the
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...
's artillery corps with
cannon
A cannon is a large- caliber gun classified as a type of artillery, which usually launches a projectile using explosive chemical propellant. Gunpowder ("black powder") was the primary propellant before the invention of smokeless powder ...
,
powder
A powder is a dry, bulk solid composed of many very fine particles that may flow freely when shaken or tilted. Powders are a special sub-class of granular materials, although the terms ''powder'' and '' granular'' are sometimes used to distin ...
, and
shot
Shot may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media
* ''Shot'' (album), by The Jesus Lizard
*''Shot, Illusion, New God'', an EP by Gruntruck
*'' Shot Rev 2.0'', a video album by The Sisters of Mercy
* "Shot" (song), by The Rasmus
* ''Shot'' (2017 f ...
. This was reorganized in 1832 as the "Tophane Müşavirliği" ("Arsenal of Ordnance and Artillery Marshalship") and was later formed in a department of "Harbiye Nezareti" (Ministry of War) in 1908. After
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
and the following "
Young Turks" revolt, it was reorganized as the "General Directorate of Military Factories" in 1923. Today, the MKE is made up of 12 facilities that employ 7,430 personnel.
Legal status
The company's legal status has changed from
state-owned enterprise to a
corporation
A corporation is an organization—usually a group of people or a company—authorized by the state to act as a single entity (a legal entity recognized by private and public law "born out of statute"; a legal person in legal context) and ...
, with the Law Nr. 7330 dated July 3rd, 2021.
Products
![MK-84veMK-82ler](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/MK-84veMK-82ler.JPG)
The corporation mainly produces equipment for the
Turkish Armed Forces
The Turkish Armed Forces (TAF; tr, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri, TSK) are the military forces of the Republic of Turkey. Turkish Armed Forces consist of the General Staff, the Land Forces, the Naval Forces and the Air Forces. The current Chi ...
, such as the
ammunition for
small arms and heavy weapons,
artillery
Artillery is a class of heavy military ranged weapons that launch munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry firearms. Early artillery development focused on the ability to breach defensive walls and fortifications during siege ...
systems, aerial
bombs,
mine
Mine, mines, miners or mining may refer to:
Extraction or digging
* Miner, a person engaged in mining or digging
*Mining, extraction of mineral resources from the ground through a mine
Grammar
*Mine, a first-person English possessive pronoun
...
s,
explosives, and
rocket
A rocket (from it, rocchetto, , bobbin/spool) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using the surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely fr ...
s. MKEK also manufactures civil-purpose products such as
steel,
brass
Brass is an alloy of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), in proportions which can be varied to achieve different mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties. It is a substitutional alloy: atoms of the two constituents may replace each other wit ...
, and electrical parts and equipment. Its large range of
defense industry
The arms industry, also known as the arms trade, is a global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology. It consists of a commercial industry involved in the research and development, engineering, production, and s ...
products are not only demanded in Turkey, but are exported to more than 40 countries worldwide.
In 2011, the company has sold military products to 29 countries worldwide. The first smoothbore gun for
Altay main battle tank was introduced in 2011.
*Production groups:
**Ammunition Group
**Rocket Group
**Weapons Group
**Explosives, Propellants, and Pyrotechnic Products Group
*Company and factories: there are 11 factories and 1 company affiliated with MKE located in three major manufacturing hubs:
**
Kırıkkale
Kırıkkale is the capital of the Kırıkkale Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located 80 km east of Ankara which is the capital city of Turkey. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 280,83 ...
***Ammunition Factory
***Brass Factory
***Heavy Weapons Factory And Steel Foundry
***Explosives Factory
***Small-Arms Weapons Factory (Kırıkkale Arsenal Co.)
**
Ankara
Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...
***Explosive & Propellant Factory
***Machinery and Gas-Mask Factory MAKSAM
***Pyrotechnics Factory
***Scrap Recycling Plant
***Small-Arms Ammunition Factory
**
Çankırı
Çankırı, historically known as Gangra (Greek: Γάγγρα), is the capital city of Çankırı Province, in Turkey, about northeast of Ankara. It is situated about 800 m (2500 ft) above sea level.
History
Çankırı was known in ...
***Medium-Caliber Weapons Factory
**
İzmit
İzmit () is a district and the central district of Kocaeli province, Turkey. It is located at the Gulf of İzmit in the Sea of Marmara, about east of Istanbul, on the northwestern part of Anatolia.
As of the last 31/12/2019 estimation, the ...
***Scrap Recycling Plant
MKE Maksam Machine and Mask Factory
MKE Maksam ( tr, Maksam Makine Ve Maske Fabrikasi Müdürlüğü or MAKSAM for short) was founded in 1920. The company's line of business includes the manufacturing of surgical appliances and supplies also
CBRN
Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN defence) are protective measures taken in situations in which chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear warfare (including terrorism) hazards may be present. CBRN defence consi ...
masks and products, various masks are produced for the army and civilians.
During
COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identi ...
Maksam produced millions of Surgical Mask,
FFP3
FFP standards refer to the filtering half mask classification by EN 149, a European standard of testing and marking requirements for filtering half masks. FFP standard masks (where FFP stands for filtering facepiece) cover the nose, mouth and chin ...
Type Mask, Protective Coverall, Goggles Type A-B, Face Protection Visor Type C, Protective Gloves, Panoramic Mask Set, P13 Plastic Strainer and MKE Surgical Mask Production Machines.
SAHRA Mechanical Respirator
Apart from masks and protective equipment,
SAHRA Mechanical Respirator was produced by making use of local and national facilities in order to provide basic respiratory support to COVID-19 patients. SAHRA is ready for mass production by the end of May 2020 and has a weekly production capacity of 500 pieces.
Aircraft
*
MKEK-1 Gözcü (Turkish - "''Observer''")
[Deniz 2004]
*
MKEK-2 __NOTOC__
The THK-2 was a single-seat, single-engine aerobatic trainer aircraft developed in Turkey in 1944 intended as an advanced trainer.Taylor 1989, 683"THK-2" It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane with an elliptical planform a ...
6 planes were produced
[Taylor 1989, 683]["THK-2"]
*
MKEK-3
__NOTOC__
The THK-16 ''Mehmetçik'' (Turkish: "Little Mehmet"The name ''Mehmetçik'' is used in Turkish to refer informally to an archetypal or generic Turkish soldier, analogous to the British Tommy, American G.I., or French ''Poilu'' (Brosnah ...
[Cebeci, 2004]
*
MKEK-4 Uğur (Turkish: "''Luck''")
57 planes were produced three of which were donated to the
Royal Jordanian Air Force.
*
MKEK-5
__NOTOC__
The THK-5 was a twin-engine aircraft designed by Stanisław Rogalski and built in Turkey in 1945 as an air ambulance. It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction throughout. The main units of the tailwh ...
Twin-engine
A twinjet or twin-engine jet is a jet aircraft powered by two engines. A twinjet is able to fly well enough to land with a single working engine, making it safer than a single-engine aircraft in the event of failure of an engine. Fuel efficien ...
aircraft developed bt in Turkey in 1945 as an
air ambulance
Air medical services is a comprehensive term covering the use of air transportation, aeroplane or helicopter, to move patients to and from healthcare facilities and accident scenes. Personnel provide comprehensive prehospital and emergency and cri ...
.
*
MKEK-6
The MKEK-6 was a two-seat training Glider (sailplane), glider designed and built in Turkey by Mechanical and Chemical Industry Corporation (Makina Kimya endustrisi Kurumu) (MKEK), during the early 1950s.
Design and development
The MKEK-6 was a h ...
*
MKEK-7[Krasil'shchikov 1991, 98]
*
THK-16
__NOTOC__
The THK-16 ''Mehmetçik'' (Turkish: "Little Mehmet"The name ''Mehmetçik'' is used in Turkish to refer informally to an archetypal or generic Turkish soldier, analogous to the British Tommy, American G.I., or French ''Poilu'' (Brosnaha ...
Vehicles
*
T-155 Fırtına
T-155 Fırtına ( Turkish for ''Storm'') is a Turkish variant of K9 Thunder 155 mm self-propelled howitzer co-developed with South Korea utilizing Turkish technology and design into existing K9 Thunder. It is manufactured and assembled by Turkish ...
155 mm
SP Howitzer Weapon System
*MKE Yavuz T-155
Truck
A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo, carry specialized payloads, or perform other utilitarian work. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration, but the vast majority feature body-on-frame constructi ...
-mounted 155mm
self-propelled gun
Engineering and Ammunition Resupply Vehicles
* MKEK POYRAZ - Ammunition resupply vehicle
* MKE TAMKAR
Mine-clearing line charge system
*
MKE TAMGEÇ Mine-clearing line charge system.
Weapons
Small Arms[mkek.gov.tr/tr/products.aspx?id=52&source=Products]
*
MKE MPT
The MPT ( tr, Millî Piyade Tüfeği, en, National Infantry Rifle) is a modular rifle family designed by MKEK and produced by MKEK, Sarsılmaz Arms and Kalekalıp to meet the demands of the Turkish Armed Forces and to replace its aging rifles ...
- MPT-76 and MPT-55 National Infantry Rifle
*MKE KAAN-717 -
7.62×51mm NATO 90mm shorter carbine version of the MPT-76
*
Heckler & Koch HK33
The Heckler & Koch HK33 is a 5.56mm assault rifle developed in the 1960s by West German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch GmbH (H&K), primarily for export.
Building on the success of their G3 design, the company developed a family of smal ...
-A2/A3 (
licensed production Licensed production is the production under license of technology developed elsewhere. The licensee provides the licensor of a specific product with legal production rights, technical information, process technology, and any other proprietary compon ...
)
*
Heckler & Koch G3
The Heckler & Koch G3 (''Gewehr'' 3) is a 7.62×51mm NATO, select-fire battle rifle developed in the 1950s by the German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch (H&K) in collaboration with the Spanish state-owned design and development agency CET ...
- (licensed production) G3-A3/A4/A7
*
HK416
The Heckler & Koch HK416 is a gas-operated assault rifle chambered for the 5.56×45mm NATO cartridge. It is designed and manufactured by the German company Heckler & Koch.
Although the design is based on the AR-15 class of firearm (specific ...
- (licensed production)
* MKE Bora-12
Sniper Rifle
*
MKE JNG-90 Sniper Rifle
*
KNT-76
The MPT ( tr, Millî Piyade Tüfeği, en, National Infantry Rifle) is a modular rifle family designed by MKEK and produced by MKEK, Sarsılmaz Arms and Kalekalıp to meet the demands of the Turkish Armed Forces and to replace its aging rifles ...
Sniper Rifle
*
Heckler & Koch MP5
The Heckler & Koch MP5 (german: Maschinenpistole 5) is a 9x19mm Parabellum submachine gun, developed in the 1960s by a team of engineers from the German small arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch. There are over 100 variants and clones of the MP5, ...
- (licensed production) MP5-A2/A3/K
* MTS-A2/A3
* MKE T-41/43/50/94 other guns
* T40-R/R5
Grenade Launcher (also for
IWI Tavor
The IWI Tavor TAR-21 is an Israeli bullpup assault rifle chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO caliber with a selective fire system, selecting between semi-automatic mode and full automatic fire mode. The Tavor is designed and produced by Israel Weap ...
X95s
[Tavor-21 Rifle Headed Into Service With Indian Special Forces](_blank)
. Defenseindustrydaily.com (2007-02-28). Retrieved on 2010-08-31.)
*
MG3 (licensed production)
*
MGL (licensed production)
*
Mk 19[ ] (licensed production)
*MKE CS Tear Gas Grenade
*MKE MOD 56 Riot Control Hand Grenade
*MKE MK2-3 Hand Grenade
*MOT-919 Submachine gun
*MKE MMT (Modern Machine Gun)
*MKE PMT-76 Machine Gun
*MKE PMT-57A Machine Gun
*MKE MAM-15
anti-materiel sniper rifle
An anti-materiel rifle (AMR) is a rifle designed for use against military equipment, structures, and other hardware (materiel). Anti-materiel rifles are chambered in significantly larger calibers than conventional rifles and are employed to elimin ...
Artillery - rockets - missiles
*
Panter howitzer
The Panter howitzer is an artillery weapon developed by MKEK for the Turkish Land Forces Command. It has a 155 mm/52-calibre towed howitzer gun and is able to fire NATO projectiles to a maximum range of 40 kilometers using extended-range ...
155 mm/52-calibre towed
SP howitzer gun
*
MKE 120 mm tank gun
* 105 mm M68 Tank Gun Weapon System
*
Oerlikon 20 mm
The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models empl ...
(licensed production)
anti-aircraft gun for double barrel GAI 001 system
*
Oerlikon 35 mm (licensed production) double barrel
anti-aircraft gun for towed
MKE GDF-003B and other systems
* 107 mm
MBRL
* 70 mm
MKE FFAR (licensed production) air to ground and surface to surface unguided rocket
* 60 mm
Commando Mortar
* 120 mm HY1-12 Grooved Mortar
*MKE 81mm UT1
*MKE 81mm NT1
*MO-120 RT-61 (Mortier 120mm Raye Tracte Modele F1)
*
Eryx anti-tank guided missile
An anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), anti-tank missile, anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) or anti-armor guided weapon is a guided missile primarily designed to hit and destroy heavily armored military vehicles. ATGMs range in size from shoulder ...
(licensed production)
*
MKE Boran Air Transportable Light Towed Howitzer. (Based on
L118
The L118 light gun is a 105 mm towed howitzer. It was originally designed and produced in England for the British Army in the 1970s. It has since been widely exported. The L119 and the United States Army's M119 are variants that use a different ...
.)
*MKE 66 mm light anti-tank system
*MKE Aircraft bombs - MK-84 and MK-82
*MKE Penetrator bomb - 870
Kg 2.1 m thick used on
Turkish Air Force
The Turkish Air Force ( tr, ) is the aerial warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. The Turkish Air Force can trace its origins back to June 1911 when it was founded by the Ottoman Empire, however, the air force as it is known to ...
F-4 Terminator 2020
The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II variants were numerous versions and designations of the F-4 and are described below.
Production numbers for major versions
asterisk indicates converted from other version
Variants
;XF4H-1
:Two prototype ...
s and
F-16 Falcon
The General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon is a single-engine multirole fighter aircraft originally developed by General Dynamics for the United States Air Force (USAF). Designed as an air superiority day fighter, it evolved into a successful ...
s
Protective gear
*
MAKSAM Panaromic Gas Mask
* MKE NEFES
CBRN
Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN defence) are protective measures taken in situations in which chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear warfare (including terrorism) hazards may be present. CBRN defence consi ...
Gas Mask
*SR6 and
SR6M NBC Respirator licensed production.
* SR10 and SR10 ST Gas Masks
Museums of the MKE
* MKE Industry and Technology Museum (
Ankara
Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...
)
*
Kırıkkale MKE Weapons Industry Museum (
Kırıkkale
Kırıkkale is the capital of the Kırıkkale Province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. It is located 80 km east of Ankara which is the capital city of Turkey. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 280,83 ...
)
Sports clubs associated with the MKE
*
MKE Ankaragücü
MKE Ankaragücü or fully Makina ve Kimya Endüstrisi Ankaragücü (), is a Turkish sports club located in the city of Ankara. The football team wears a yellow and navy kit and plays its home matches at Eryaman Stadium following the closure of t ...
*
MKE Kırıkkalespor
MKE Kırıkkalespor is a sports club located in Kırıkkale, Turkey. The football club plays in the Regional Amateur League.
League participations
* Turkish Super League: 1978–79
* TFF First League: 1974–78, 1979–88, 1999–01
* TFF Secon ...
*
MKE Çankırıspor
* MKE Gazi Fişek Spor
* MKE Maske Spor
References
External links
Official website
{{authority control
Manufacturing companies established in 1950
Defence companies of Turkey
Manufacturing companies based in Ankara
Government-owned companies of Turkey
Turkish companies established in 1950
Engineering companies of Turkey
Aircraft manufacturers of Turkey
Ministry of National Defense (Turkey)
Turkish brands
Science and technology in Turkey