HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

Mayureswar II is a
community development block In India, a Community development block (CD block) or simply Block is a sub-division of Tehsil, administratively earmarked for planning and development. The area is administered by a Block Development Officer (BDO), supported by several technic ...
that forms an administrative division in
Rampurhat subdivision Rampurhat subdivision is an administrative subdivision of Birbhum district in the state of West Bengal, India. Overview The northern portion of Rampurhat subdivision is part of the Nalhati Plains, a sub-micro physiographic region, and the south ...
of
Birbhum district Birbhum district () is an District#India, administrative unit in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the northernmost district of Burdwan division—one of the five Divisions of West Bengal, administrative divisions of West Bengal. The distr ...
in the
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n
state State may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State * ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States * ''Our S ...
of
West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
.


Overview

Birbhum district is physiographically a part of the ancient
Rarh region Rarh region () is a toponym for an area in the Indian subcontinent that lies between the Chota Nagpur Plateau on the West and the Ganges Delta on the East. Although the boundaries of the region have been defined differently according to various ...
. The western portion of the district is basically an extension of the
Chota Nagpur Plateau The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a plateau in eastern India, which covers much of Jharkhand state as well as adjacent parts of Chhattisgarh, Odisha, West Bengal and Bihar. The Indo-Gangetic plain lies to the north and east of the plateau, and the bas ...
. The area has mostly loose reddish
lateritic Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rusty-red coloration, because of high iron oxide content. They develop by ...
low fertility soil. In the east, the flood plains of the major rivers, such as the Ajay,
Bakreshwar Bakreshwar is a village in Dubrajpur CD Block in Suri Sadar subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited and Bakreswar Thermal Power Pl ...
,
Mayurakshi ''Mayurakshi'' is a 2017 Bengali film directed by Atanu Ghosh and produced by Firdausal Hassan & Probal Halder for Friends Communication. The music was composed by Debojyoti Mishra. The film won the award for Best Bengali feature film at the ...
and
Brahmani Brahmani (Sanskrit: ब्रह्माणी, IAST: Brahmāṇī) or Brahmi (Sanskrit: ब्राह्मी, IAST: Brāhmī), is one of the seven Hindu mother goddesses known as Sapta Matrikas. She is a form of Saraswati and is considered ...
have soft
alluvial Alluvium (from Latin ''alluvius'', from ''alluere'' 'to wash against') is loose clay, silt, sand, or gravel that has been deposited by running water in a stream bed, on a floodplain, in an alluvial fan or beach, or in similar settings. Alluv ...
soil. The forest cover is only 3.5% of the total district. Although coal is found in the district and
Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited is a power station with an installed capacity of 1050 MW (5x210 MW) and it is proposed for capacity expansion of another 500 MW. Location Bakreshwar Thermal P ...
has a capacity of 2,010 MW, the economic condition of Birbhum is dominated by agriculture. From 1977 onwards major
land reforms Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural ...
took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants. In Birbhum district, 19,968 hectares of vested agricultural land has been distributed amongst 161,515 beneficiaries, till 2011. However, more than 38% of the operational land holding is marginal or less than 1 acre. The proportion of agricultural labourers amongst total workers in Birbhum district is 45.9%, the highest amongst all districts of West Bengal. Culturally rich Birbhum, with such traditional landmarks as
Jaydev Kenduli Jaydev Kenduli is a village and gram panchayat in Ilambazar community development block in Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum District in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is believed by many to be the birthplace of Jayadeva, an issue that is still ...
and Chandidas Nanoor, is home to
Visva-Bharati University Visva-Bharati () is a public central university and an Institution of National Importance located in Shantiniketan, West Bengal, India. It was founded by Rabindranath Tagore who called it ''Visva-Bharati'', which means the communion of the w ...
at
Santiniketan Santiniketan is a neighbourhood of Bolpur town in the Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district in West Bengal, India, approximately 152 km north of Kolkata. It was established by Maharshi Devendranath Tagore, and later expanded by his son ...
, having close association with two Nobel laureates –
Rabindranath Tagore Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...
and
Amartya Sen Amartya Kumar Sen (; born 3 November 1933) is an Indian economist and philosopher, who since 1972 has taught and worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sen has made contributions to welfare economics, social choice theory, econom ...
.


Geography

Kotasur is located at . Mayureswar II CD Block is part of the Brahmani-Mayurakshi Basin, one of the four sub-micro physiographic regions occupying the area between Brahmani River in the north and Mayurakshi River in the south. Mayureshwar II CD Block is bounded by
Mayureswar I Mayureswar I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Overview Birbhum district is physiographically a part of the ancient Rarh region. ...
CD Block on the north,
Burwan Burwan (also spelled Barwan) is a village, with a police station, in the Burwan CD block in the Kandi subdivision of Murshidabad district in the state of West Bengal, India. Geography Location Buewan is located at . Area overview The area s ...
CD Block, in Murshidabad district, on the east,
Labpur Labhpur is a census town in Labpur CD block in Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is known to the outside world as the native place of Tarashankar Bandopadhyay and one of the 51 Shakti Peethas. Geogr ...
CD Block on the south and
Sainthia Sainthia (formerly Nandipur) is a city and a municipality in Suri Sadar subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The city is known as business city of Birbhum district. The city is under the jurisdiction of Sainthia po ...
CD Block on the west. Mayureswar II CD Block has an area of 156.27 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 7
gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s, 84 gram sansads (village councils), 131
mouza In Bangladesh, Pakistan and parts of India a mouza or mauza (also mouja) is a type of administrative district, corresponding to a specific land area within which there may be one or more settlements. Before the 20th century, the term referred to a ...
s and 126 inhabited villages, as per District Statistical Handbook Birbhum 2008.
Mayureswar Mayureswar is a village and gram panchayat in Mayureswar II CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography Location Kotasur, the CD Block headquarters, is 10 km away from Mayureswar. S ...
police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD Block is at
Kotasur Kotasur (also spelled as Katasur) is a census town in Mayureswar II CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is situated in the bank of river Mayurakshi.. History It is common to listen that th ...
.
Gram panchayat Gram Panchayat () is a basic village-governing institute in Indian villages. It is a democratic structure at the grass-roots level in India. It is a political institute, acting as cabinet of the village. The Gram Sabha work as the general bod ...
s of Mayureswar II block/
panchayat samiti Panchayat samiti is a rural local government (panchayat) body at the intermediate tehsil (taluka/mandal) level in India. It works for the villages of the tehsil that together are called a development block. It has been said to be the "panchayat ...
are: Daspalsa, Dhekha, Kaleswar, Kundala, Mayureswar, Shatpalsa and Ulkunda.


Demographics


Population

As per the
2011 Census of India The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...
, Mayureshwar II CD Block had a total population of 127,661, all of which were rural. There were 65,373 (51%) males and 62,288 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 15,171.
Scheduled Castes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 39,160 (30.67%) and
Scheduled Tribes The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
numbered 9,090 (7.12%). As per 2001 census, Mayureswar II block had a total population of 113,050, out of which 58,175 were males and 54,875 were females. Mayureswar II block registered a population growth of 14.40 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Birbhum district was 17.88 per cent. Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent. Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Mayursehwar II CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets):
Mayureswar Mayureswar is a village and gram panchayat in Mayureswar II CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Geography Location Kotasur, the CD Block headquarters, is 10 km away from Mayureswar. S ...
(11,142),
Kotasur Kotasur (also spelled as Katasur) is a census town in Mayureswar II CD Block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is situated in the bank of river Mayurakshi.. History It is common to listen that th ...
(4,302) and Kanutia (6,572). Other villages in Mayureshwar II CD Block include (2011 census figures in brackets): Ulkunda (2,704) Satpalsa (963), Daspalsa (1,621), Kundala (1,723), Kaleswar (1,333) and Dheka (539).


Literacy

As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Mayureswar II CD Block was 79,749 (70.89% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 45,028 (78.12% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 34,721 (63.31% of the female population over 6 years). The
gender disparity Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex determination occurs by the presence or absence of a Y in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. Phenotypic sex refers to an individual's sex as determined by the ...
(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 14.81%. See also –
List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate This is a list of districts in the Indian state of West Bengal ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census. With a literacy rate of 96.26% (male 90.69% and female 96.54%), above the national average of 90.04%, as per the 2011 Ce ...


Language and religion

As per census definition, mother-tongue is the language spoken in childhood by the person’s mother to the person. As a mother-tongue,
Bengali Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to: *something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia * Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region * Bengali language, the language they speak ** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
has increased its share from 90.5% of the population of Birbhum district in 1961 to 91.9% in 2001, Santali has decreased from 6.9% in 1961 to 5.9% in 2001. Other mother-tongues spoken in 2001 were: Hindi (1.2%), Khortha/ Khotta (0.3%), Koda/Kora (0.2%), Telugu (0.1%) and Kurukh/ Oraon (0.1%). In the 2011 census, Hindus numbered 94,544 and formed 74.06% of the population in Mayureswar II CD Block. Muslims numbered 32,741 and formed 25.65% of the population. Christians numbered 202 and formed 0.16% of the population. Others numbered 174 and formed 0.14% of the population. The proportion of Hindus in Birbhum district has declined from 72.2% in 1961 to 62.3% in 2011. The proportion of Muslims in Birbhum district has increased from 27.6% to 37.1% during the same period. Christians formed 0.3% in 2011.


Rural poverty

As per the BPL household survey carried out in 2005, the proportion of BPL households in Mayureswar II CD Block was 40.6%, against 42.3% in Birbhum district. In six CD Blocks – Murarai II, Nalhati II, Rampurhat II, Rampurhat I, Suri II and Murarai I – the proportion of BPL families was more than 50%. In three CD Blocks – Rajnagar, Suri I and Labhpur – the proportion of BPL families was less than 30%. The other ten CD Blocks in Birbhum district were placed in between. According to the District Human Development Report, Birbhum, “Although there is no indication that the share of BPL households is more in blocks with higher share of agricultural labourer, there is a clear pattern that the share of BPL households is more in blocks with disadvantaged population in general and Muslim population in particular.” (The disadvantaged population includes SCs, STs and Muslims.)


Economy


Livelihood

In Mayureswar II CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 13,251 and formed 22.27%, agricultural labourers numbered 28,146 and formed 47.29%, household industry workers numbered 2,975 and formed 5.00% and other workers numbered 15,141 and formed 25.44%. Total workers numbered 59,513 and formed 46.62% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 68,148 and formed 53.38% of the population. Note: In the census records a person is considered a cultivator, if the person is engaged in cultivation/ supervision of land owned by self/government/institution. When a person who works on another person’s land for wages in cash or kind or share, is regarded as an agricultural labourer. Household industry is defined as an industry conducted by one or more members of the family within the household or village, and one that does not qualify for registration as a factory under the Factories Act. Other workers are persons engaged in some economic activity other than cultivators, agricultural labourers and household workers. It includes factory, mining, plantation, transport and office workers, those engaged in business and commerce, teachers, entertainment artistes and so on.


Infrastructure

There are 125 inhabited villages in Mayureswar II CD Block, as per District Census Handbook, Birbhum, 2011. 100% villages have power supply. 125 villages (100%) have drinking water supply. 20 villages (16.00%) have post offices. 106 villages (84.80%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 55 villages (44.00%) have a pucca (paved) approach road and 68 villages (54.40%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 8 villages (6.40%) have agricultural credit societies and 6 villages (4.80%) have banks.


Agriculture

Following
land reforms Land reform is a form of agrarian reform involving the changing of laws, regulations, or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution, generally of agricultural ...
land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2004-05 (the agricultural labourer data is for 2001), persons engaged in agriculture in Mayureswar II CD Block could be classified as follows:
bargadar Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...
s 2,901 (7.36%), patta (document) holders 7,255 (18.41%), small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 4,400 (11.16%), marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 7,945 (20.16%) and agricultural labourers 16,912 (42.91%). Birbhum is a predominantly paddy cultivation-based agricultural district. The area under paddy cultivation in 2010-11 was 249,000 hectares of land. Paddy is grown in do, suna and sali classes of land. There is double to triple cropping system for paddy cultivation. Other crops grown in Birbhum are gram, masuri, peas, wheat, linseed, khesari, til, sugarcane and occasionally cotton. 192,470 hectares of cultivable land is under irrigation by different sources, such as canals, tanks, river lift irrigation and different types of tubewells. In 2009-10, 158,380 hectares were irrigated by canal water. There are such major irrigation projects as Mayurakshi and Hijli. Other rivers such as Ajoy, Brahmani, Kuskurni, Dwaraka, Hingla and Kopai are also helpful for irrigation in the district. In 2013-14, there were 75 fertiliser depots, 15 seed stores and 39 fair price shops in Mayureswar II CD block. In 2013-14, Mayureswar II CD block produced 34,281 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 11,521 hectares, 544 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 208 hectares, 10,031 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 2,700 hectares, 3,757 tonnes of wheat from 1,202 hectares, 508 tonnes of jute from 26 hectares, 33,162 tonnes of potatoes from 1,745 hectares and 5,056 tonnes of sugar cane from 102 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds. In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Mayureswar II CD block was 25,995 hectares, out of which 10,705 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 2,725 hectares by tank water, 120 hectares by river lift irrigation, 10,850 hectares by deep tube wells, 1,360 hectares by shallow tube wells and 235 hectares by other means.


Banking

In 2013-14, Mayureswar II CD block had offices of 3 commercial banks and 3 gramin banks.


Other sectors

According to the District Human Development Report, 2009, Birbhum is one of the most backward districts of West Bengal in terms of industrial development. Of the new industrial projects set-up in West Bengal between 1991 and 2005, only 1.23% came to Birbhum.
Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station Bakreshwar Thermal Power Station of West Bengal Power Development Corporation Limited is a power station with an installed capacity of 1050 MW (5x210 MW) and it is proposed for capacity expansion of another 500 MW. Location Bakreshwar Thermal P ...
is the only large-scale industry in the district and employs about 5,000 people. There are 4 medium-scale industries and 4,748 registered small-scale industries. The proportion of workers engaged in agriculture in Birbhum has been decreasing. According to the District Human Development Report, “more people are now engaged in non-agricultural activities, such as fishing, retail sales, vegetable vending, selling milk, and so on. As all these activities are at the lower end of the spectrum of marketable skills, it remains doubtful if these activities generate enough return for their family’s sustenance.”


Backward Regions Grant Fund

Birbhum district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the
Backward Regions Grant Fund Backward or Backwards is a relative direction. Backwards or Sdrawkcab (the word "backwards" with its letters reversed) may also refer to: * "Backwards" (''Red Dwarf''), episode of sci-fi TV sitcom ''Red Dwarf'' ** ''Backwards'' (novel), a nov ...
. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.


Transport

Mayureswar II CD block has 2 ferry services and 7 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 10 km from the CD block headquarters. SH 11, running from Mohammad Bazar to Ranaghata, passes through this block.


Culture

Poush Poush ( bn, পৌষ; ne, पौष) is the 9th month of both the Bengali calendar and the Nepali calendar. It overlaps December and January of the Gregorian calendar. It is the first month of the winter season. This month marks the start of Wi ...
Sankranti Sankranti ( sa, संक्रान्ति ''saṁkrānti or saṅkramaṇa'') means transmigration of the Sun from one zodiac to another in Indian astronomy. Each Sankranti is marked as the beginning of a month in the sidereal solar calen ...
fair is held at Shibpur in the Mayureswar police station. Gosaidas fair is held at Dakshingram. Dharma pujo fair is held at Ratma on the occasion of Buddha Purnima. The Sarbomongola Temple is located at Kundala. Its floor is made of white stone brought from Rajasthan. Nobody knows how old the temple is. This temple is the pride of this district. Once Sadhak Bamakhyapa of Tarapith came here and worshipped the Goddess here. Rath Bari of Kundala is well known for its architectural beauty. A Rath Fair is held at Kundala on the eve of Rath Yatra. This fair is nearly 100 years old. Thousands of people from the surrounding villages throng to celebrate Rath Yatra at Kundala, one of the oldest villages in the district of Birbhum. Besides, at Kundala Borobari Durgapuja is 300 years old. The name and fame of this ancient village spread all over the district. Babu Janaki Nath Mukhopadhyay and his three sons namely Babu Ramaprasanna Mukhopadhyay, Rai Rajani Bhushan Mukhopadhyay bahadur, Babu Annada Prasanna Mukhopadhyay led a pivotal role in developing not only the surrounding area but also the entire district. This is perhaps the only village in the district where two separate primary schools for the boys and the girls were set up by the Zamindars.


Education

In 2013-14, Mayureswar II CD block had 89 primary schools with 6,742 students, 16 middle schools with 1,244 students, 8 high schools with 4,724 students and 5 higher secondary schools with 8,594 students. Mayureswar II CD Block had 1 general degree college with 585 students, 2 technical/ professional institutions with 75 students and 227 institutions for special and non-formal education with 8,872 students As per the 2011 census, in Mayursewar II CD Block, amongst the 120 inhabited villages, 25 villages did not have a school, 34 villages had more than 1 primary school, 34 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 17 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school. 8 villages had senior secondary schools. There was 1 college for arts science and commerce in Mayureswar II CD Block.
Lokepara Mahavidyalaya Lokepara Mahavidyalaya, established in 2010, is an undergraduate general and honours degree college in village Lokpara, in Birbhum district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to University of Burdwan The University ...
was established at
Lokpara Lokpara is a village in Mayureswar II CD block in Rampurhat subdivision of Birbhum district. Geography Location Lokpara is located at . Overview The northern portion of Rampurhat subdivision (shown in the map alongside) is part of the Nalha ...
in 2010. Colleges: *
Lokepara Mahavidyalaya Lokepara Mahavidyalaya, established in 2010, is an undergraduate general and honours degree college in village Lokpara, in Birbhum district. It offers undergraduate courses in arts. It is affiliated to University of Burdwan The University ...
* Shyamapada Das College Of Education(B.Ed & D.El.Ed) * Kaleswar Academy(B.Ed & D.El.Ed)


Healthcare

In 2014, Muyureswar II CD block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres with total 52 beds and 4 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 20 family welfare subcentres. 1,418 patients were treated indoor and 73,366 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block. As per 2011 census, in Mayureswar II CD Block, 3 villages had primary health centres, 20 villages had primary health subcentres, 7 villages had maternity and child welfare centres, 2 villages had veterinary hospitals, 12 villages had medicine shops and out of the 120 inhabited villages 74 villages had no medical facilities. Satpalsa (Basudebpur) Rural Hospital at PO Basudebpur has 30 beds. There are primary health centres at Noapara-Ulkunda (PO Gunutia) (10 beds), Dheka (PO Kuliara) (6 beds) and Hatinagar (PO Kotasur) (6 beds).


References

{{Birbhum topics Community development blocks in Birbhum district