''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout

Central Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as ...

and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Indian Ocean and Africa. They grow in a very wide variety of climates, from tropical to subpolar. The traditional circumscription of ''Maytenus'' is

paraphyletic In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...

, so many species have been transferred to '' Denhamia'', '' Gymnosporia'', '' Monteverdia'', and ''Tricerma''.

Selected species

* ''

Maytenus abbottii ''Maytenus abbottii'' is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. It is endemic to South Africa. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural ...

A.E.van Wyk Abraham Erasmus van Wyk, also known as Braam van Wyk (born 1952, Wolmaransstad) is a South African plant taxonomist. He has been responsible for the training of a significant percentage of the active plant taxonomists in South Africa and has al ...

* '' Maytenus acuminata'' (L.f.) Loes. * '' Maytenus boaria'' Molina ( type species) * ''

Maytenus buxifolia ''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Ind ...

'' (A.Rich.) Griseb. ( West Indies) * '' Maytenus canariensis'' (Loes.) G. Kunkel & Sunding * '' Maytenus curtissii'' ( King) Ding Hou * '' Maytenus hookeri'' Loes. * '' Maytenus jamesonii''

Briq. John Isaac Briquet (13 March 1870 in Geneva – 26 October 1931 in Geneva) was a Swiss botanist, director of the ''Conservatoire Botanique'' at Geneva. He received his education in natural sciences at Geneva and Berlin,

* '' Maytenus lucidus'' * '' Maytenus magellanica'' ( Lam.)

Hook.f. Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of t ...

* '' Maytenus obtusifolia'' * ''

Maytenus octogona ''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Indi ...

'' * ''

Maytenus oleoides ''Maytenus oleoides'', commonly known as the mountain maytenus or rock false candlewood, is a dense, medium-sized tree that grows throughout the western half of South Africa. It is known as klipkershout in Afrikaans. Description The bark of ''Ma ...

'' Loes. * ''

Maytenus oleosa ''Maytenus oleosa'' is a rare, willow-like, small tree in the family Celastraceae which is limited in habitat to lowland forests along the KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern Cape coasts of South Africa, particularly where there are streams or rivers. It ...

'' A.E.van Wyk & R.H.Archer * ''

Maytenus phyllanthoides ''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Indi ...

'' Benth. – Florida mayten, guttapercha mayten * '' Maytenus procumbens'' (L.f.) Loes. * ''

Maytenus reynosioides ''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Ind ...

'' Urb. * ''

Maytenus undata ''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Ind ...

'' (Thunb.) Blakelock * ''

Maytenus vitis-idaea ''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Indi ...

'' – Indian's salt * ''

Maytenus williamsii ''Maytenus williamsii'' is a species of plant in the family Celastraceae. It is endemic to Honduras Honduras, officially the Republic of Honduras, is a country in Central America. The republic of Honduras is bordered to the west by Guat ...

'' A.Molina Undescribed species: * ''Maytenus'' sp. nov. A Miller (Yemen)

Formerly placed here

* '' Denhamia bilocularis'' (F.Muell.) M.P. Simmons – Orangebark * '' Denhamia cunninghamii'' (Hook.) M.P. Simmons – Koonkara * '' Denhamia disperma'' (F.Muell.) M.P. Simmons * '' Denhamia fasciculiflora'' (Jessup) M.P. Simmons * '' Denhamia ferdinandi'' (Jessup) M.P. Simmons * ''

Denhamia silvestris ''Denhamia silvestris'' is a shrub or small tree growing from Picton, New South Wales (34° S) near Kroombit Tops, near Gladstone, Queensland (23° S). It occurs in dry rainforest, eucalyptus and rainforest ecotone areas. Common names include n ...

'' (Lander & L.A.S.Johnson) M.P. Simmons – Narrow-leaved orangebark, orange bark, orange bush * '' Gymnosporia addat''

Loes. Ludwig Eduard Theodor Lösener (23 November 1865 – 2 June 1941) was a German botanist who collected widely in the field in Germany: Amrum island (1912), the Alps, the Black Forest, Bavaria, Rügen island and Tyrol in modern Austria. His specialit ...

* ''

Gymnosporia austroyunnanensis ''Gymnosporia'' is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with ''Maytenus'', but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts (truncated bra ...

'' (S.J. Pei & Y.H. Li) M.P. Simmons * '' Gymnosporia dhofarensis'' ( Sebsebe) Jordaan * ''

Gymnosporia diversifolia ''Gymnosporia'' is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with ''Maytenus'', but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts (truncated bra ...

'' Maxim. (as ''M. diversifolia'' (Maxim.) Ding Hou) * '' Gymnosporia harenensis'' (Sebsebe) Jordaan * ''

Gymnosporia heterophylla ''Gymnosporia heterophylla'', the common spike-thorn, is a small, hardy, deciduous African tree up to 5m tall, occurring in rocky places with a wide distribution from Ethiopia, the Sudan and the Congo, south to the Cape Province and west to Ango ...

'' (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Loes. (as ''M. heterophylla'' (Eckl. & Zeyh.) N. Robson) * ''

Gymnosporia nemorosa ''Gymnosporia nemorosa'' is a spiny, somewhat sprawling evergreen shrub or small tree with drooping branches growing to some 5 m tall and found along forest edges in Mpumalanga, Eswatini, KwaZulu-Natal south to the Garden Route in the Southern Ca ...

'' (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Szyszyl. (as ''M. nemorosa'' (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Marais) * ''

Gymnosporia rothiana ''Gymnosporia'' is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with ''Maytenus'', but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts (truncated bra ...

'' (Walp.) Wight & Arn. ex M.A.Lawson (as ''M. rothiana'' (Walp.) Lobr.-Callen) * ''

Gymnosporia royleana ''Gymnosporia'' is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with '' Maytenus'', but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts (truncated bra ...

'' Wall. ex M.A.Lawson (as ''M. royleana'' (Wall. ex M. A. Lawson) Cufod.) * ''

Gymnosporia senegalensis ''Gymnosporia'' is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with ''Maytenus'', but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts (truncated bra ...

'' (Lam.) Loes. (as ''M. senegalensis'' (Lam.) Exell) * ''

Gymnosporia thomsonii ''Gymnosporia'' is an Old World genus of plants, that comprise suffrutices, shrubs and trees. It was formerly considered congeneric with ''Maytenus'', but more recent investigations separated it based on the presence of achyblasts (truncated bra ...

'' Kurz (as ''M. thomsonii'' (Kurz) V.S.Raju & Babu) * '' Monteverdia aquifolia'' (Mart.) Biral * '' Monteverdia clarendonensis'' ( Britton) Biral * '' Monteverdia crassipes'' (

Urb. Ignatz Urban (7 January 1848 – 7 January 1931) was a German botanist. He is known for his contributions to the flora of the Caribbean and Brazil, and for his work as curator of the Berlin Botanical Garden. Born the son of a brewer, Urban s ...

) Biral * '' Monteverdia cymosa'' (Krug & Urban) Biral – Caribbean mayten * '' Monteverdia eggersii'' (Loes.) Biral * '' Monteverdia elongata'' (Urban) Biral – Puerto Rico mayten * '' Monteverdia harrisii'' (Krug & Urb.) Biral * '' Monteverdia ilicifolia'' (

Mart. Carl Friedrich Philipp (Karl Friedrich Philipp) von Martius (17 April 1794 – 13 December 1868) was a German botanist and explorer. Life Martius was born at Erlangen, the son of Prof Ernst Wilhelm Martius, court apothecary. He graduated PhD f ...

Reissek Siegfried Reissek (11 April 1819 in Cieszyn, Teschen – 9 November 1871 in Vienna) was an Austrian naturalist and botanist who specialized in spermatophytes. He is known for his studies involving plant anatomy and histology. From 1837 to 1841 ...

) Biral * '' Monteverdia jefeana'' ( Lundell) Biral * '' Monteverdia krukovii'' (A.C. Sm.) Biral * '' Monteverdia laevigata'' (Vahl) Biral – White cinnamon * '' Monteverdia laevis'' (Reissek) Biral * '' Monteverdia macrocarpa'' (Ruiz & Pav.) Biral * '' Monteverdia manabiensis'' (Loes.) Biral * '' Monteverdia matudae'' (Lundell) Biral * '' Monteverdia microcarpa'' (

Fawc. William Fawcett (1851–1926) was a British botanist and coauthor of the ''Flora of Jamaica''. He was born in Arklow, County Wicklow, on 13 February 1851. He studied at the University of London, obtaining a BSc in 1879. He became a Fellow of th ...

& Rendle) Biral * ''

Monteverdia ponceana ''Monteverdia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. In a taxonomic review, Leonardo Biral ''et al.'' (2017) in '' Systematic Botany'' 42 (4), reclassified 123 species of '' Maytenus'' now placed in the genus ''Monteverdi ...

'' ( Britt.) Biral * '' Monteverdia quadrangulata'' (Schrad.) Biral * '' Monteverdia robusta'' (Reissek) Biral * '' Monteverdia stipitata'' (Lundell) Biral

Cultivation and uses

'' Maytenus boaria'' and '' Maytenus magellanica'' are the most known species in Europe and the United States because these are the most cold-tolerant trees of this mostly tropical genus. The bark of ''

Maytenus krukovii ''Maytenus'' ''Sunset Western Garden Book,'' 1995:606–607 is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae. Members of the genus are distributed throughout Central and South America, Southeast Asia, Micronesia and Australasia, the Ind ...

'' has a variety of documented medicinal properties; it is also sometimes admixed into decoctions of ayahuasca.

References

Flora of Pakistan
Celastrales genera Ayahuasca Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Celastraceae-stub