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Maxine Hammond Dashu (born 1950), known professionally as Max Dashu, is an American feminist historian, author, and artist. Her areas of expertise include female
iconography Iconography, as a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images: the subjects depicted, the particular compositions and details used to do so, and other elements that are distinct fro ...
, mother-right cultures and the origins of
patriarchy Patriarchy is a social system in which positions of dominance and privilege are primarily held by men. It is used, both as a technical anthropological term for families or clans controlled by the father or eldest male or group of males a ...
. She identifies as a lesbian, her views on
transgender rights A transgender person is someone whose gender identity is inconsistent or not culturally associated with the sex they were assigned at birth and also with the gender role that is associated with that sex. They may have, or may intend to establi ...
and
gender identity Gender identity is the personal sense of one's own gender. Gender identity can correlate with a person's assigned sex or can differ from it. In most individuals, the various biological determinants of sex are congruent, and consistent with the i ...
are a contentious issue and resulted in her being excluded from the Modern Witches Confluence. In 1970, Dashu founded the Suppressed Histories Archives to research and document women's history and to make the full spectrum of women's history and culture visible and accessible.Women Library Workers (1983), volume 8. The collection includes 15,000 slides and 30,000 digital images. Since the early 1970s, Dashu has delivered visual presentations on women's history throughout North America, Europe and Australia. Dashu is the author of ''Witches and Pagans: Women in European Folk Religion, 700–1100'' (2016), the first volume of a planned 16-volume series called ''Secret History of the Witches.''


Early life

Dashu grew up in
West Chicago, Illinois West Chicago is a city in DuPage County, Illinois, United States. The population was 27,086 at the 2010 census. It was formerly named Junction and later Turner, after its founder, John B. Turner, president of the Galena and Chicago Union Railro ...
. In 1968, she earned a full scholarship to
Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher le ...
, where she began her research in women's history. Facing "entrenched resistance" to feminist scholarship, she chose to leave the university to become an independent scholar. After founding the Suppressed Histories Archives in 1970, she began presenting on women's history in 1973, sharing slides of her research at feminist bookstores, cafe and women's centers. Dashu's slide presentations offered visual history at a time when lesbian history and art was not easily accessible. In 1976, Dashu was involved in the
Inez García Inez García (1941–2003) was a Hispanic woman who became a cause célèbre of the feminist movement when she was charged with the 1974 murder of a man who had raped her. Background García was born in New York City and raised in Spanish Har ...
defense committee. In the early 1980s, Dashu worked in the Household Workers' Rights organization, a Union WAGE project established in 1979 for working women.


Career


Historian

Dashu's decades-long work has focused on women's history around the world, including Europe, Asia and Africa. Areas of focus include women
shamans Shamanism is a religious practice that involves a practitioner (shaman) interacting with what they believe to be a spirit world through altered states of consciousness, such as trance. The goal of this is usually to direct spirits or spiritu ...
and priestesses, witches and the witch trials, folk religion and pagan European traditions. Her work has cited evidence in support of egalitarian matrilineages, and she authored a critique of Cynthia Eller's ''
The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory ''The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory: Why An Invented Past Will Not Give Women a Future'' is a 2000 book by Cynthia Eller that seeks to deconstruct the theory of a prehistoric matriarchy. This hypothesis, she says, developed in 19th century schol ...
'' (2000). Her article "Knocking Down Straw Dolls: A Critique of Cynthia Eller's The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory" was reprinted in the journal ''Feminist Theology'' in 2005. Dashu has also published in the 2011 anthology ''Goddesses in World Culture'', edited by
Patricia Monaghan Patricia Monaghan (February 15, 1946, – November 11, 2012) was a poet, a writer, a spiritual activist, and an influential figure in the contemporary women's spirituality movement. Monaghan wrote over 20 books on a range of topics including Go ...
. In 2016, Dashu published ''Witches and Pagans: Women in European Folk Religion, 700-1100''. The work is the first volume of a 16-part series titled ''Secret History of the Witches''. The series explores the cultural history and suppression of women in Europe, spanning 2,000 years. The next volume, under the working title ''Pythias, Melissae and Pharmakides'', will focus on Greece. Presenting materials from the Suppressed Histories Archives, Dashu has given talks at hundreds of universities, conferences and festivals around the world. In addition to the images and articles available on her website, Dashu also offers online courses on women's history via webcast. Dashu served as a historical consultant for
Donna Deitch Donna Deitch (born June 8, 1945, San Francisco, California) is an American film and television director, producer, and writer best known for her 1985 film ''Desert Hearts''. The movie was the first feature film to depict a lesbian love story in ...
's 1975 documentary ''Woman to Woman'' and for the San Francisco Women's Building mural in 1994.


Artist

Dashu makes feminist paintings, posters and prints. Her art has appeared in ''Witch Dream Comix'' (1975), the anthology ''She Is Everywhere!: An Anthology of Writing in Womanist/Feminist Spirituality'' (2005), ''Sinister Wisdom'',Sinister Wisdom 73.
''Sinister Wisdom: A Multicultural Lesbian Literary & Art Journal.''
Daughters of the Moon
Tarot The tarot (, first known as '' trionfi'' and later as ''tarocchi'' or ''tarocks'') is a pack of playing cards, used from at least the mid-15th century in various parts of Europe to play card games such as Tarocchini. From their Italian roots, ...
, and in books by
Judy Grahn Judy Grahn (born July 28, 1940) is an American poet and author. Inspired by her experiences of disenfranchisement as a butch lesbian, she became a feminist poet, highly-regarded in underground circles before achieving public fame. A major influe ...
, Diane Stein, and
Martha Shelley Martha Shelley (born December 27, 1943) is an American activist, writer, and poet best known for her involvement in lesbian feminist activism. Life and early work Martha Altman was born on December 27, 1943, in Brooklyn, New York, to parents of ...
, as well as other feminist, lesbian, and pagan publications. She also provided the illustrations for her book ''Witches and Pagans'' and uses her own illustrations to recreate incomplete or damaged artifacts shown in her presentations.


Radio

From 1980 to 1983, Dashu co-produced the weekly radio program ''A World Wind'' with Chana Wilson on
KPFA KPFA (94.1 FM) is an American listener-funded talk radio and music radio station located in Berkeley, California, broadcasting to the San Francisco Bay Area. KPFA airs public news, public affairs, talk, and music programming. The station sign ...
in
Berkeley, California Berkeley ( ) is a city on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay in northern Alameda County, California, United States. It is named after the 18th-century Irish bishop and philosopher George Berkeley. It borders the cities of Oakland and Emer ...
. The program featured international women's music, news and culture. In 1981, Dashu produced the women's history program ''Flashes from Our Past''.


Select bibliography


Print


Books

*''Witches and Pagans: Women in European Folk Religion, 700-1100'' (2016) *''Witch Dream Comix'' (1975)


Articles

*"Resurgence" in ''Foremothers of the Women's Spirituality Movement: Elders and Visionaries,'' edited by Miriam Robbins Dexter and Vicki Noble (2015)
Icons of the Matrix: female symbolism in ancient culture
(originally published 2005, updated in 2014)
Raising the Dead: Medicine Women Who Revive and Retrieve Souls I
(2013)
The Meanings of Goddess
in ''She Is Everywhere'', edited by Mary Saracino and Mary Beth Moser (2011)
Xi Wangmu: The Great Goddess of China
in ''Goddesses in World Culture'', edited by Patricia Monaghan (2010)

in ''Goddesses in World Culture'', edited by Patricia Monaghan (2010)
Knocking Down Straw Dolls: A Critique of Eller's ''The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory''
(originally published 2000, republished in ''
Feminist Theology Feminist theology is a movement found in several religions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism, Neopaganism, Baháʼí Faith, Judaism, Islam and New Thought, to reconsider the traditions, practices, scriptures, and theologies of those religi ...
'' in 2005) *"Women's Studies Beyond Academia" in ''
off our backs ''Off Our Backs'' (stylized in all lowercase; ''oob'') was an American radical feminist periodical that ran from 1970 to 2008. It began publishing on February 27, 1970, with a twelve-page tabloid first issue. From 2002 the editors adapted it ...
'' (2003)
Another View of the Witch Hunts
in ''
The Pomegranate ''The Pomegranate: The International Journal of Pagan Studies'' is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the field of Pagan studies including historical, sociological, and anthropological studies dealing with contemporary Paganism and othe ...
'' (1999)
Review of ''Witches and Neighbors: The Social and Cultural Context of European Witchcraft'' by Robin Briggs
(1998)

in ''La Gazette'' (1993)


Multimedia

*''Woman Shaman: The Ancients'' (2-disc DVD) *''Women's Power'' (DVD)


References


External links


Suppressed History Archives
* *


Max Dashu on Academia.edu
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dashu, Max 1950 births American art historians American feminist writers Feminist artists Feminist historians Lesbian feminists American lesbian writers Living people People from West Chicago, Illinois People from Richmond, California Women's historians American women bloggers American bloggers Writers from the San Francisco Bay Area Historians from Illinois 21st-century American women writers Women art historians American women historians Historians from California American LGBT artists