Masu'ot Yitzhak ( he, מְשּׂוּאוֹת יִצְחָק, ''lit.'' Yitzhak's Beacons) is a
moshav shitufi
A moshav shitufi ( he, מושב שיתופי, lit. ''collective moshav'', pl. ''moshavim shitufiim'') is a type of cooperative Israeli village, whose organizational principles place it between the kibbutz and the moshav on the scale of cooperation ...
in southern
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
. Located near
Ashkelon
Ashkelon or Ashqelon (; Hebrew: , , ; Philistine: ), also known as Ascalon (; Ancient Greek: , ; Arabic: , ), is a coastal city in the Southern District of Israel on the Mediterranean coast, south of Tel Aviv, and north of the border with ...
, it falls under the jurisdiction of
Shafir Regional Council
Shafir Regional Council ( he, מועצה אזורית שפיר, ''Mo'atza Azorit Shafir'') is a List of regional councils in Israel, regional council in the Southern District (Israel), Southern District of Israel near the city of Kiryat Gat.
The c ...
. The original
kibbutz
A kibbutz ( he, קִבּוּץ / , lit. "gathering, clustering"; plural: kibbutzim / ) is an intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The first kibbutz, established in 1909, was Degania. Today, farming h ...
in
Gush Etzion
Gush Etzion ( he, גּוּשׁ עֶצְיוֹן, ' Etzion Bloc) is a cluster of Israeli settlements located in the Judaean Mountains, directly south of Jerusalem and Bethlehem in the West Bank. The core group includes four Jewish agricultural v ...
was destroyed and depopulated in the
1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 (or First) Arab–Israeli War was the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. It formally began following the end of the British Mandate for Palestine at midnight on 14 May 1948; the Israeli Declaration of Independence had ...
, and a new settlement was established in 1949 in a different location. In it had a population of .
History
Kibbutz Masu'ot Yitzhak was founded in 1945 in Gush Etzion, midway between
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
and
Hebron
Hebron ( ar, الخليل or ; he, חֶבְרוֹן ) is a Palestinian. city in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judaean Mountains, it lies above sea level. The second-largest city in the West Bank (after East J ...
. The settlers were young pioneers from
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia a ...
,
Czechoslovakia
, rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי,
, common_name = Czechoslovakia
, life_span = 1918–19391945–1992
, p1 = Austria-Hungary
, image_p1 ...
, and
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
who arrived before
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. The kibbutz was named for the
chief rabbi
Chief Rabbi ( he, רב ראשי ''Rav Rashi'') is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities. Since 1911, through a ...
of Mandatory Palestine,
Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog
Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog ( he, יצחק אייזיק הלוי הרצוג; 3 December 1888 – 25 July 1959), also known as Isaac Herzog or Hertzog, was the first Chief Rabbi of Ireland, his term lasted from 1921 to 1936. From 1936 until his deat ...
.
File:The four kibbutzes of the Gush Etzion Bloc (Kfar Etzion, Ein Zurim, Massuot Yitzhak, Revadim) overlaid on the 1943 Survey of Palestine map of Beit Fajjar.jpg, The four kibbutzes of the Gush Etzion
Gush Etzion ( he, גּוּשׁ עֶצְיוֹן, ' Etzion Bloc) is a cluster of Israeli settlements located in the Judaean Mountains, directly south of Jerusalem and Bethlehem in the West Bank. The core group includes four Jewish agricultural v ...
at the time of the 1948 war (Kfar Etzion
Kfar Etzion ( he, כְּפַר עֶצְיוֹן, ''lit.'' Etzion Village) is an Israeli settlement in the West Bank, organized as a religious kibbutz located in the Judean Hills between Jerusalem and Hebron in the southern West Bank, established ...
, Ein Zurim
Ein Tzurim ( he, עֵין צוּרִים, ''lit.'' Rock Spring) is a religious kibbutz in southern Israel. Located south of Kiryat Malakhi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Shafir Regional Council and is a member of the Religious Kibbutz Movem ...
, Massuot Yitzhak, Revadim
Revadim ( he, רְבָדִים, ''lit.'' terraces) is a kibbutz in southern Israel. Located in the southern Shephelah (Judean foothills) region, it falls under the jurisdiction of Yoav Regional Council. In it had a population of .
History
Reva ...
) overlaid on a 1943 Survey of Palestine
The Survey of Palestine was the government department responsible for the survey and mapping of Palestine during the British mandate period.
The survey department was established in 1920 in Jaffa, and moved to the outskirts of Tel Aviv in 19 ...
map
File:משואות יצחק - עליית קיבוץ "משואות יצחק" לאדמת חביילה בהרי חברון-JNF026762.jpeg, Masu’ot Yitzhak founders October 1945
File:"משואות יצחק" - קבלת פנים לאורחי "המזרחי" מחוץ לארץ ומתן שם לישוב שיהיה קשור עם שמו של הרב הרצוג.-JNF045163.jpeg, Musu'ot Yitzhak. 31 October 1945
File:משואות יצחק - עליית קיבוץ "משואות יצחק" לאדמת חביילה בהרי חברון-JNF026761.jpeg, Masu’ot Yitzhak fencing 1945
File:משואות יצחק - עליית קיבוץ "משואות יצחק" לאדמת חביילה בהרי חברון-JNF026764.jpeg, Masu’ot Yitzhak first buildings 1945
File:משואות יצחק - עליית קיבוץ "משואות יצחק" לאדמת חביילה בהרי חברון-JNF026767.jpeg, Masu’ot Yitzhak celebrations 1945
Image:Masuot Yitzhak 1947.jpg, Mas'uot Yitzhak, 1947
The settlers of Masu'ot Yitzhak rose to the challenge of living in the
Judean Mountains
The Judaean Mountains, or Judaean Hills ( he, הרי יהודה, translit=Harei Yehuda) or the Hebron Mountains ( ar, تلال الخليل, translit=Tilal al-Khalīl, links=, lit=Hebron Mountains), is a mountain range in Palestine and Israel wh ...
, building homes and planting orchards. In 1948, Gush Etzion was captured by the
Arab Legion
The Arab Legion () was the police force, then regular army of the Emirate of Transjordan, a British protectorate, in the early part of the 20th century, and then of independent Jordan, with a final Arabization of its command taking place in 195 ...
. The residents of
Kfar Etzion
Kfar Etzion ( he, כְּפַר עֶצְיוֹן, ''lit.'' Etzion Village) is an Israeli settlement in the West Bank, organized as a religious kibbutz located in the Judean Hills between Jerusalem and Hebron in the southern West Bank, established ...
were massacred, and all other inhabitants of Gush Etzion, including the residents of Masu'ot Yitzhak, were captured and imprisoned in Jordan.
After their return from captivity in 1949, the Masu'ot Yitzhak pioneers established a new moshav of the same name near
Shafir
Shafir ( he, שָׁפִיר) is a moshav in southern Israel. Located in the Shephelah near Kiryat Malakhi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Shafir Regional Council. In it had a population of .
History
Shafir was founded on 15 August 1949 by imm ...
, a region inhabited by the
Philistines
The Philistines ( he, פְּלִשְׁתִּים, Pəlīštīm; Koine Greek (LXX): Φυλιστιείμ, romanized: ''Phulistieím'') were an ancient people who lived on the south coast of Canaan from the 12th century BC until 604 BC, when ...
in biblical times. Shafir had served as a base for the southern front of the Israeli army during the 1948 war, and the land on which the new Masu'ot Yitzhak was founded had until shortly beforehand belonged to the depopulated
Palestinian
Palestinians ( ar, الفلسطينيون, ; he, פָלַסְטִינִים, ) or Palestinian people ( ar, الشعب الفلسطيني, label=none, ), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs ( ar, الفلسطينيين العرب, label=non ...
village of
al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya
Al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya was a Palestinian Arab village in the Gaza Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 War on May 18, 1948, during the second stage of Operation Barak. It was located 30 km northeast of Gaza city.
History
Remain ...
.
Tzahali, a military preparatory program for religious girls, is based in Masu'ot Yitzhak.
Economy
The moshav economy is based on agriculture and industry. A reservoir was built 40 years ago to harness the winter flood waters of
Nahal Lachish
Lakhish River ( he, נחל לכיש, ''Naḥal Lakhish'') is a river in Israel that flows into the Mediterranean Sea at the city of Ashdod. It is also known as Wadi Kabiba (inland section) and Wadi Sukhrir (Ashdod section) in Arabic. History
The ...
for farming. The water is used to irrigate of avocado trees.
Mas'uot Yitzhak reservoir
Jewish National Fund
References
Further reading
*Yossi Katz
Yossi Katz ( he, יוסי כץ, born 19 August 1949) is an Israeli former politician who served as a member of the Knesset for the Labor Party and One Israel between 1992 and 2003.
Biography
Born in Haifa, Katz studied law at the Hebrew Unive ...
, ''Between Jerusalem and Hebron: Jewish Settlement in the Pre-State Period''
External links
Village website
Memorial for Masu'ot Yitzhak in Gush Etzion
Etzion Bloc
*Orit Segal (2006)
Massu’ot Yizhaq Final Report
''Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel'', No. 118.
{{Jewish villages depopulated during the Israeli War of Independence
Moshavim
Populated places established in 1945
Populated places established in 1949
Former kibbutzim
Jewish villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
Populated places in Southern District (Israel)
1945 establishments in Mandatory Palestine
1948 disestablishments in Mandatory Palestine
1949 establishments in Israel
Czech-Jewish culture in Israel
German-Jewish culture in Israel
Hungarian-Jewish culture in Israel
Slovak-Jewish culture in Israel