Massacra was one of France's leading

death Death is the irreversible cessation of all biological functions that sustain an organism. For organisms with a brain, death can also be defined as the irreversible cessation of functioning of the whole brain, including brainstem, and brain ...

thrash metal Thrash metal (or simply thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music characterized by its overall aggression and often fast tempo.Kahn-Harris, Keith, ''Extreme Metal: Music and Culture on the Edge'', pp. 2–3, 9. Oxford: Berg, 2007, . ...

bands in the early nineties. After recording three demos in the 1980s, they finally landed a deal with Shark Records from Germany, and released their famous debut, '' Final Holocaust'' in 1990. Unfortunately, they found themselves at odds with the label's trend-following attitude and after two successful albums, ''

Enjoy the Violence ''Enjoy the Violence'' is the second album by the French death/thrash metal band Massacra Massacra was one of France's leading death/thrash metal bands in the early nineties. After recording three demos in the 1980s, they finally landed a d ...

'' and ''

Signs of the Decline ''Signs of the Decline'' is the third album by Massacra. It was released in 1992. The re-release contains six tracks from the ''Sick'' album as bonus. Reception Eduardo Rivadavia of AllMusic said that Massacra Massacra was one of France's ...

'', they terminated their contract in 1993. They signed a new deal with the major label

Phonogram Phonogram may refer to: * A sound recording – see Geneva Phonograms Convention * ''Phonogram'' (comics), a comic book by Kieron Gillen and Jamie McKelvie * Phonogram (linguistics), a grapheme which represents a phoneme or a combination of phone ...

. The band decided not to rehash the same songs over and over on later releases—by the time of their fourth album (1994's

Sick Sick may refer to: Medical conditions * Having a disease or infection * Vomiting (British) Music * The Sick, a Swedish band formed by two members of Dozer Albums * Sick (Loaded album), ''Sick'' (Loaded album), 2009 * Sick (Massacra album), ' ...

) the band had transformed to

groove Groove or Grooves may refer to: Music * Groove (music) * Groove (drumming) * The Groove (band), an Australian rock/pop band of the 1960s * The Groove (Sirius XM), a US radio station * Groove 101.7FM, a former Perth, Australia, radio station * ...

-laden mid-paced thrash metal. The band broke up after guitarist Fred Duval died of

skin cancer Skin cancers are cancers that arise from the skin. They are due to the development of abnormal cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. There are three main types of skin cancers: basal-cell skin cancer (BCC) ...

on 6 June 1997 at the age of 29. Some members of the band went on to form an

industrial Industrial may refer to: Industry * Industrial archaeology, the study of the history of the industry * Industrial engineering, engineering dealing with the optimization of complex industrial processes or systems * Industrial city, a city dominate ...

side project called Zero Tolerance in 1996, and released one album through

Active Records Active Records was a record sublabel of RCA Records founded in 1980. The label focused mainly on heavy metal music. The label was dissolved in 1994. Bands * Anacrusis * Atheist * Budgie * Candlemass * Merciless * Destiny * Therion See also ...

Discography

* ''Legion of Torture'' (demo, 1987) * ''Final Holocaust'' (demo, 1988) * ''Nearer from Death'' (demo, 1989) * '' Final Holocaust'' (1990) * ''

'' (1991) * ''

'' (1992) * ''

'' (1994) * '' Humanize Human'' (1995) * ''Apocalyptic Warriors, Pt. 1'' (compilation, 2000)

Members

Last lineup

*Jean-Marc Tristani – guitar (1986–1997) *Fred "Death" Duval – vocals, guitar (1986–1997) *Pascal Jorgensen – vocals, bass (1986–1997) *Björn Crugger – drums (1995–1997)

Former members

*Chris Palengat – drums (1988–1991) *Matthias Limmer – drums (1992–1994) {{Authority control French death metal musical groups French thrash metal musical groups Alternative metal musical groups Musical quartets Musical groups established in 1986 Musical groups disestablished in 1997 1986 establishments in France