The Marx-Lenin-Luxemburg-Front was a resistance movement founded by

Henk Sneevliet Hendricus Josephus Franciscus Marie (Henk) Sneevliet, known as Henk Sneevliet or by the ''pseudonym'' "Maring" (1883 - 1942), was a Dutch Communism, Communist, who was active in both the Netherlands and the Dutch East Indies. As a functionary of t ...

, Willem Dolleman and Abraham Menist, some months after the German invasion of the

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

on 10 May 1940. It lasted until April 1942, when the entire leadership was arrested by the Germans, who executed them on 12 April of the same year. The Marx-Lenin-Luxemburg-Front, or MLL-Front, was the clandestine successor to Sneevliet's political party, the ''Revolutionair-Socialistische Arbeiderspartij'' (RSAP), which had been disbanded immediately after the German invasion, when Sneevliet had to go into hiding to avoid arrest. The MLL-Front was largely active as a propaganda group and had its own magazine, ''Spartacus'', which had a printrun of 5,000 copies and appeared bi-weekly. It was particularly active against the anti-Jewish measures taken by the

Nazis Nazism ( ; german: Nazismus), the common name in English for National Socialism (german: Nationalsozialismus, ), is the far-right totalitarian political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Na ...

and participated in the 1941

February strike The February strike ( nl, Februaristaking) was a general strike in the German-occupied Netherlands in 1941, during World War II, organised by the then-outlawed Communist Party of the Netherlands in defence of persecuted Dutch Jews and against t ...

against these measures. With the arrest and execution of its leadership in April 1942, the MLL-front split into two on political differences, into the ''Comité van Revolutionaire Marxisten'' ( Committee of Revolutionary Marxists) and the ''Communistenbond Spartacus'' ( Communist League Spartacus). These were far less influential than the MLL-Front was. The MLL-front was one of the first, if not the first major resistance group to start up in the Netherlands in

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

. At its peak, it may have had some 500 members. Its bi-weekly publication ''Spartacus'' with a printrun of 5,000 was one of the most influential underground newspapers of the first part of the war; the total printrun of the underground press at this time has been estimated to be about 55,000.

Sources

De Groene 13-04-2002: Profiel: Henk Sneevliet (in Dutch)

* ttp://www.marxists.org/history/etol/document/holland/dutch01.htm Dutch Trotskyism in World War II (Part 1)
Audiocollectie Wim Bot over Marx-Lenin-Luxemburg-front en Comité van Revolutionaire Marxisten
at the

International Institute of Social History The International Institute of Social History (IISH/IISG) is one of the largest archives of labor and social history in the world. Located in Amsterdam, its one million volumes and 2,300 archival collections include the papers of major figur ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marx-Lenin-Luxemburg Front Dutch resistance Defunct communist parties in the Netherlands Political parties established in 1940 1940 establishments in the Netherlands Political parties disestablished in 1942 1942 disestablishments in the Netherlands Left communist organizations