Martin Jugie (baptized as Etienne) was a
French
French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to France
** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents
** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
*Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
*Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
Assumptionist
The Assumptionists, officialy named the Congregation of the Augustinians of the Assumption ( la, Congregatio Augustinianorum ab Assumptione) abbreviated AA,is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men (priests and b ...
and scholar born on May 3, 1878, in
Paulhiac in south-western
France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
.
Jugie was initially educated within the Assumptionist minor seminaries of Le Breuil in
Deux-Sèvres
Deux-Sèvres () is a French department. ''Deux-Sèvres'' literally means "two Sèvres": the Sèvre Nantaise and the Sèvre Niortaise are two rivers which have their sources in the department. It had a population of 374,878 in 2019. between 1891 and 1893 and Clairmarais at
Pas-de-Calais
Pas-de-Calais (, " strait of Calais"; pcd, Pas-Calés; also nl, Nauw van Kales) is a department in northern France named after the French designation of the Strait of Dover, which it borders. It has the most communes of all the departments ...
between 1893 and 1895, before entering the Assumptionist novitiate at
Livry-Gargan
Livry-Gargan () is a commune in the northeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.
History
On 20 May, 1869, a part of the territory of Livry-Gargan was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Clichy- ...
on August 10, 1895, taking the
religious name
A religious name is a type of given name bestowed for a religious purposes, and which is generally used in such contexts.
Christianity
Catholic Church Baptismal name
In baptism, Catholic Church, Catholics are given a Christian name, which should ...
, Martin, before making his first vows precisely a year later.
Jugie made his perpetual vows at the Assumptionist house in Jerusalem on August 15, 1897, whereupon Jugie undertook studies in philosophy between 1896 and 1898, before progressing on to study theology therein between 1898 and 1902. On December 21, 1901, Jugie was ordained to the priesthood by
Luigi Piavi
Luigi Piavi, OFM (born on 17 March 1833 in Ravina, Italy - died on 24 January 1905 in Jerusalem, Ottoman Palestine) was a Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem.
Life
Luigi Piavi received his priestly ordination in 1855. Pope Pius IX appointed him in 18 ...
, the
Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem
The Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem ( la, Patriarchatus Latinus Hierosolymitanus) is the Latin Catholic ecclesiastical patriarchate in Jerusalem, officially seated in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. It was originally established in 1099, wit ...
.
Against the background of the
declining Ottoman Empire, the Assumptionists had established a presence therein, where, in accord with preceding French
religious
Religion is usually defined as a social system, social-cultural system of designated religious behaviour, behaviors and practices, morality, morals, beliefs, worldviews, religious text, texts, sacred site, sanctified places, prophecy, prophecie ...
, the order was permitted to evangelise the
Eastern and Oriental Orthodox population of the Ottoman Empire based upon the
Capitulations the Empire had established with France. The Assumptionists had established a house of studies at
Kadıköy
Kadıköy (), known in classical antiquity and during the Roman and Byzantine eras as Chalcedon ( gr, Χαλκηδών), is a large, populous, and cosmopolitan district in the Asian side of Istanbul, Turkey, on the northern shore of the Sea of ...
on the
Bosporus
The Bosporus Strait (; grc, Βόσπορος ; tr, İstanbul Boğazı 'Istanbul strait', colloquially ''Boğaz'') or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul in northwestern T ...
in 1895 in order to bolster this proselytory mission following the promulgation of
Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII ( it, Leone XIII; born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was the head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 to his death in July 1903. Living until the age of 93, he was the second-old ...
's
Apostolic Letter
Ecclesiastical letters are publications or announcements of the organs of Roman Catholic ecclesiastical authority, e.g. the synods, but more particularly of pope and bishops, addressed to the faithful in the form of letters.
Letters of the pop ...
, ''
Praeclara gratulationis publicae'' on June 20, 1894. In September 1902, Jugie was sent to Kadiköy, where he first provided instruction in
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
between 1902 and 1903, before teaching
Dogmatic Theology
Dogmatic theology, also called dogmatics, is the part of theology dealing with the theoretical truths of faith concerning God and God's works, especially the official theology recognized by an organized Church body, such as the Roman Catholic Ch ...
and
Canon Law
Canon law (from grc, κανών, , a 'straight measuring rod, ruler') is a set of ordinances and regulations made by ecclesiastical authority (church leadership) for the government of a Christian organization or church and its members. It is th ...
therein between 1903 and 1904.
[Russell, ''Making of Palamism'', p. 45.] Following a brief tenure as a director of Kadiköy's Greek alumnate between 1904 and 1905, Jugie returned to providing teaching in Dogmatic Theology through to 1914. Contextually, Kadiköy had quickly established itself as an important centre of scholarship, as exemplified by the fact that, in 1897, the institute founded one of the foremost journals in
Oriental studies
Oriental studies is the academic field that studies Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology. In recent years, the subject has often been turned into the newer terms of Middle Eastern studi ...
under the editorship of the future
Latin Archbishop of Athens
The Archdiocese of Athens ( la, Archidioecesis Atheniensis or ''Athenarum'') is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Greece. Its cathedra is found within the neoclassic Cathedral Basilica of St. Dionysi ...
, Louis Petit, the ''
Echos d’Orient'', for which Jugie produced numerous articles for throughout his literary career.
With the outbreak of
World War One
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
, between 1915 and 1917, Jugie was stationed in
Limoges
Limoges (, , ; oc, Lemòtges, locally ) is a city and Communes of France, commune, and the prefecture of the Haute-Vienne Departments of France, department in west-central France. It was the administrative capital of the former Limousin region ...
in order to fulfil mandatory military service for the
French Army
The French Army, officially known as the Land Army (french: Armée de Terre, ), is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces. It is responsible to the Government of France, along with the other components of the Armed For ...
. Subsequently, in 1917, Jugie was appointed as a teacher in theology at the recently established
Pontifical Oriental Institute
The Pontifical Oriental Institute, also known as the Orientale, is a Catholic institution of higher education located in Rome and focusing on Eastern Christianity.
The plan of creating a school of higher learning for Eastern Christianity had been ...
in
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
, where he would continue to provide instruction through to 1952.
During his period therein, Jugie produced two of his most notable opera, including his two-part article treating the fourteenth-century
Byzantine
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinopl ...
Orthodox theologian,
Gregory Palamas
Gregory Palamas ( el, Γρηγόριος Παλαμᾶς; c. 1296 – 1359) was a Byzantine Greek theologian and Eastern Orthodox cleric of the late Byzantine period. A monk of Mount Athos (modern Greece) and later archbishop of Thessaloniki, h ...
and the
Hesychast controversy
The Hesychast controversy was a theological dispute in the Byzantine Empire during the 14th century between supporters and opponents of Gregory Palamas. While not a primary driver of the Byzantine Civil War, it influenced and was influenced by ...
titled 'Grégoire Palamas et la controverse palamite' for the multi-volume ''Dictionnaire de Théologie Catholique'', and his five-volume historical exposition of
Eastern Christian theology, the ''Theologia dogmatica christianorum orientalium''. Moreover, alongside Louis Petit and Xenophon A. Sideridès, Jugie produced an eight-volume critical edition of the opera omnia of the fifteenth-century Eastern Orthodox theologian and the first
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch ( el, Οἰκουμενικός Πατριάρχης, translit=Oikoumenikós Patriárchēs) is the archbishop of Constantinople (Istanbul), New Rome and '' primus inter pares'' (first among equals) among the heads of th ...
under Ottoman rule,
George-Gennadios Scholarios.
[Louis Petit, Xenophon Sidéridès, Martin Jugie, eds., ''Oeuvres Complètes de Georges Scholarios'', 8 vols. (Paris: Maison de la bonne presse, 1928-36)] Jugie also provided instruction at the
Pontifical Lateran University
The Pontifical Lateran University ( it, Pontificia Università Lateranense; la, Pontificia Universitas Lateranensis), also known as Lateranum, is a pontifical university based in Rome. The university also hosts the central session of the Ponti ...
and the
Institut catholique in Lyons, with his students in the latter including the Assumptionist
Patristics
Patristics or patrology is the study of the early Christian writers who are designated Church Fathers. The names derive from the combined forms of Latin ''pater'' and Greek ''patḗr'' (father). The period is generally considered to run from ...
scholar,
Antoine Wenger.
Having began to suffer from
Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. The symptoms usually emerge slowly, and as the disease worsens, non-motor symptoms becom ...
in 1953, Martin retired from teaching before passing away on November 29, 1954, in
Lorgues
Lorgues (; oc, Lòrgas) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France. It is situated 13 km south-west from the town of Draguignan.
Geography
Location
Lorgues is situated in the ce ...
, being buried the next day.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jugie, Martin
1878 births
1954 deaths
20th-century French historians
Assumptionists
French Byzantinists
French theologians